歐陸風雲—馬略改革

10-15

歐陸風雲—馬略改革

來自專欄歷史⑨課54 人贊了文章

Jugurtha bribed the Roman officials in the commission into allotting him the better, more fertile and populace western half of Numidia, while Adherbal received the east.

朱古達賄賂委員會中的羅馬官員，讓他們分配給他努米底亞西半部更好、更肥沃、人口更密集的西部，而阿德蓋巴爾得到了東部。

Marcus Aemilius Scaurus defeats the Carni Celtic tribes of Northern Italy, leading to their submission to Roman rule.

Marcus Aemilius Scaurus擊敗了北義大利的凱爾特部落卡尼人，使其俯首稱臣。

The Cimbri and Teutones cross the Danube and enter the lands of the Celtic tribe, the Taurisci. The latter appeal to Rome for assistance and the Senate sends an army under Gnaeus Papirius Carbo to drive the Germans back. But the Roman army is defeated in an ambush.

辛布里人與條頓人渡過多瑙河，進入凱爾特部落Taurisci的領地。後者向羅馬求援，於是元老院派Gnaeus Papirius Carbo領兵驅逐日耳曼人。然而羅馬軍隊被伏擊，敗北。

Jugurtha declares war against the Roman Republic.

朱古達向羅馬共和國宣戰。

Pontus inherits Lesser Armenia.

本都繼承了小亞美尼亞。

Mithridates VI of Pontus first subjugated Colchis, a region east of the Black Sea, and prior to 164 BC, an independent kingdom.

本都的米特里答梯六世首先降服了科爾基斯。這個區域位於黑海東部，在公元前164年之前，曾是一個獨立王國。

He then clashed for supremacy on the Pontic steppe with the Scythian King Palacus. The most important centres of Crimea, Tauric Chersonesus and the Bosporan Kingdom readily surrendered their independence in return for Mithridates promises to protect them against the Scythians, their ancient enemies.

本都的米特里答梯六世然後與黑海草原上的斯基泰國王Palacus爭奪霸權。克里米亞最重要的中心Tauric Chersonesus與博斯普魯斯王國向米特里答梯輸誠，換取後者保護他們不受自古以來敵人斯基泰的侵犯。

A Roman army is defeated by the Cimbri and Teutones near the river Rh?ne.

辛布里人與條頓人在羅訥河附近擊敗了一支羅馬軍隊。

Roman forces under Quintus Caecilius Metellus Numidicus defeat the forces of Jugurtha of Numidia at the Battle of the Muthul.

Quintus Caecilius Metell Numidicus指揮的羅馬軍隊在Muthul之戰中擊敗了努米底亞的朱古達。

In -107, the Volcae, allies of the Tigurini, a branch of the Helvetii who belonged to a coalition that formed around the Cimbri and the Teutons, defeated a Roman army at Tolosa.

公元前107年，Tigurini人的盟友沃爾卡人在圖魯薩擊敗了一支羅馬軍隊。Tigurini人是赫爾維蒂人的分支，屬於辛布里人和條頓人主體同盟的一部分。

Sulla captures Jugurtha, thus ending the Jugurthine War.

蘇拉捉住了朱古達，結束了朱古達戰爭。

Sullas success is made possible by the treachery of Bocchus I, king of Mauretania, and this ends the Jugurthine War (which has begun in 112 BC).

在茅利塔尼亞國王Bocchus的背叛下，蘇拉得以成功，結束了朱古達戰爭（始於公元前112年）。

The Battle of Arausio, where the Cimbri destroy two Roman armies on the Rh?ne, is the most severe defeat of Roman forces since the Battle of Cannae.

在Arausio戰役中，辛布里人在羅訥河附近消滅了兩支羅馬軍隊，這是坎尼戰爭以來羅馬軍隊最為慘重的損失。

In 106-5, Q. Servilius Caepio was sent with an army to put down the revolt, and as a result, Tolosa was sacked, and thereafter the town and its territory were absorbed into Gallia Narbonensis, thereby establishing firm control over the western Gallic trade corridor.

公元前106-5年，Servilius Caepio奉命率軍平定沃爾卡人，結果圖魯薩被洗劫，之後這座城鎮與周邊領地都被納入到納爾榜高盧，羅馬人從而牢固地控制了西高盧走廊。