BBC：心臟年齡自測（提供網址）

（How your heart age is key to heart attack or stroke risk？選譯，英文附後：

英格蘭公共衛生部門敦促30歲以上的人進行在線測試（譯註：下面是網址，懂英文的博友不妨打開自測https://www.nhs.uk/oneyou/be-healthier/check-your-health/heart-age-test），以了解自己的心臟年齡以及患心臟病或中風的風險。

這一部門預測，如果心臟健康得到改善，75歲以下人群中80％心臟病發作和卒中可以得到預防。

他們估計，不健康的生活方式使五分之四的成年人有早死的風險。

人們應該戒煙，吃健康的飲食，並從事足夠的運動。

該測試不是診斷性的 – 它不會告訴你心臟病是否會發作 – 但這可以是一個警告，讓你做出為了健康改變生活方式。

肥胖、不良飲食、缺乏運動和高血壓是影響心臟健康重要的風險因素。

如何改善心臟健康：

戒煙

動起來

管理你的體重

多吃膳食纖維

減少飽和脂肪攝入

每天吃五種水果和蔬菜

減少鹽分攝入

吃魚

少喝酒

閱讀食品和飲料包裝上的標籤 --資料來源：NHS選擇

近200萬人參加了心臟年齡測試，78％的參與者的心臟年齡高於實際年齡，增大了他們早死的風險。其中，34％比實際年齡超過5年，14％至少高出10年。

英格蘭每年有超過84,000人死於心臟病或中風。

來自英格蘭NHS的Matt Kearney博士說，這項測試「有可能幫助數百萬人」。

該測試得到了英國心臟基金會和卒中協會的支持。

卒中協會首席執行官朱麗葉?布維里（Juliet Bouverie）表示：「我們認為，在整個英國，大約有600萬高血壓或房顫病人未得到診斷和治療，高血壓或房顫是卒中的兩大風險因素。

該測試詢問16個簡單的身體和生活方式方面的問題，並估計你的心臟年齡，預測在某一年齡心臟病發作或卒中發生的可能。

它還提供了改變生活方式的建議，以幫助人們降低心臟年齡。

戒煙一年後，患心臟病的風險比仍吸煙者大約降低一半。

每周運動的推薦量 — 至少150分鐘的中度有氧運動，如騎自行車或快走— 可以降低患心臟病和中風的風險。

水果和蔬菜的數量從每天三份增加到五份以上可以降低患心臟病或中風的風險。

Public Health England is urging people over 30 to take an online test to find out their heart age, which indicates if they are at increased risk of suffering a heart attack or a stroke.

They predict about 80% of heart attacks and strokes in people under 75 could be prevented if heart health was improved.

Unhealthy lifestyles put four in five adults at risk of early death, they estimate.

People should quit smoking, eat a healthy diet and get enough exercise.

The test is not diagnostic - it will not tell you whether you are going to have a heart attack - but it can be a wake-up call to make healthy changes.

Obesity, poor diet, a lack of exercise and high blood pressure are significant risk factors for the heart that can be changed.

How to improve your heart health:

Give up smoking

Get active

Manage your weight

Eat more fibre

Cut down on saturated fat

Get your five a day fruit and vegetables

Cut down on salt

Eat fish

Drink less alcohol

Read labels on food and drink packaging

Source: NHS Choices

Almost two million people have taken the heart age test and 78% of participants have a heart age higher than their actual age, putting them at greater risk of an early death. Of those, 34% were more than five years over their actual age and 14% at least 10 years higher.

More than 84,000 people die from a heart attack or stroke each year in England.

Dr Matt Kearney, from NHS England, said the test has the "potential to help millions of people".

The test is being backed by the British Heart Foundation and the Stroke Association.

Juliet Bouverie, chief executive at the Stroke Association, said: "We believe that across the UK there are around six million people who are undiagnosed and untreated for high blood pressure or atrial fibrillation, two of the biggest risk factors for stroke.

"However, treatment for these conditions can significantly reduce your risk of stroke and the devastation it causes."

The test asks 16 simple physical and lifestyle questions and gives an estimation of your heart age, and a prediction of the risk of having a heart attack or stroke by a certain age.

It also gives suggestions on lifestyle changes to help people reduce their heart age.

One year after quitting smoking, a persons risk of heart disease is about half that of a smokers

Doing the recommended amount of weekly exercise - at least 150 minutes of moderate aerobic exercise, such as cycling or brisk walking - can reduce the risk of heart disease and stroke

Increasing the amount of fruit and veg from three portions daily to more than five can lower the risk of heart disease or stroke