印尼地震 | 表示「災難侵襲某地」可選的動詞有哪些？

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先上一小段外刊新聞，有關昨日的印尼地震：

Quake leaves 142 dead 印尼7級強震致142人亡

At least 142 people are dead and more than 200 injured on Sunday when Indonesias resort island of Lombok was hit by a magnitude 7.0 earthquake, a government official said Monday. The jolt forced thousands of people to flee homes and evacuation of the quake-affected people was underway, said Sutopo Purwo Nugroho, spokesman for national disaster management agency. Evacuation and rescue were hampered by poor communication access which was disturbed after the quake, he added.

印度尼西亞政府官員6日表示，印尼度假島嶼龍目島5日發生7.0級地震，造成至少142人死亡，逾200人受傷。印尼抗災署發言人努格羅荷表示，這場地震迫使數千人逃離家園，政府正在疏散受地震影響的民眾。他還稱，地震發生後通訊受擾信號不佳，使得救援行動受阻。

一般新聞在介紹災難傷亡情況的時候，第一句都是哪裡什麼時候發生了什麼事情，多少人傷亡。其中，多少人傷亡可以放在主句，how many people are dead and how many are injured，也可以放在狀語部分，比如killing how many people and injuring how many, 或者killing how many people and leaving how many injured。

而哪裡發生了什麼事故災難，可選的動詞就比較多了，可以根據具體的事件來選擇合適的動詞，比如地震、爆炸事故，除了hit，還可用strike:

比如之前天津爆炸案的外刊報道：

Massive explosions have hit Chinas northern city of Tianjin, killing at least 50 and injuring 500 people.

An earthquake has struck South Africa, killing one person and injuring some gold miners south-west of Johannesburg.

爆炸，動詞還可以選擇rip through，move forcefully and rapidly 猛衝，飛速前進：fire ripped through her bungalow 大火迅速吞沒了她的平房。

比如之前包頭爆炸案的外媒報道：

83戶居民房屋在25日的住宅樓爆炸中受損，5人死數十人傷。

A total of 83 homes were damaged in a powerful explosion that ripped through an apartment building in Baotou, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, killing five and injuring dozens on 25.

小結一下，「某地發生了某災難災害」、「某災難災難侵襲了某地」，此處主句可選的謂語動詞包括但不限於：

shake、strike、hit 突然發生，打擊；

jolt 使顛簸，搖晃，用於描寫地震：

rock （尤指由於撞擊、地震或爆炸）（使）（建築物、地區）劇烈震動，比如：minutes later a second blast rocked the city

roll across （波浪、煙、雲、霧）翻滾，比如：the fog rolled across the fields 大霧瀰漫整個田野。

rip through 裂開，破開；突進，橫撞直闖，比如：A total of 83 homes were damaged in a powerful explosion that ripped through an apartment building in Baotou，Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region，killing five and injuring dozens on 25

一般的表示「破壞」的動詞，比如damage，destroy ，devastate

如果賓語是建築、房子、窗戶等事物，還可以用shatter, level, flatten等包含了更加具體動作的動詞：

level 推倒，夷平，比如 Bombs levelled a large part of the town. 炸彈把城裡一大部分地區夷為平地。

flatten 夷為平地，比如：the hurricane flattened thousands of homes 颶風把成千上萬的家園夷為平地。

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