肩關節重點肌肉起止點中英文對照

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話不多說，來和我們一起複習肌肉起止點！圖片沒有把肌肉標註出來，可以根據起止點來學習學習~

Deltoid muscle 三角肌

Origin: clavicle , acromion, spine of the scapular

起點：鎖骨，肩峰，肩胛岡

Insertion: deltoid tuberosity

止點：三角肌粗隆

Action: abduction, flexion, extension

動作：外展，屈曲，伸

Innervation: axillary nerve (c5-c6)

神經支配：腋神經 (c5-c6)

Pectoralis major muscle 胸大肌

Origin: medial clavicle and upper sternum

起點：鎖骨內側和胸骨上部

Insertion: intertubercular groove

止點：結節間溝

Action: adduction, internal rotation

動作：內收，內旋

Innervation: medial and lateral pectoral nerves (C5-T1)

神經支配：胸內側神經和胸外側神經

Latissimus dorsi muscle 背闊肌

Origin: T7-T12 spinous process

起點：T7-T12棘突

Insertion: intertubercular groove

止點：結節間溝

Action: extension, adduction, internal rotation

動作：使上臂在肩關節處伸，內收，內旋

Innervation: thoracodorsal nerve

神經支配：胸背神經

Trapezius muscle 斜方肌

Origin: occipital bone, ligamentum nuchae, C7-T12 spinous process

起點：枕骨、項韌帶、C7-T12的棘突

Insertion: lateral (1/3) clavicle, medial acromion, scapular spine

止點：上部纖維止於鎖骨外側端(1/3)，中部止於肩峰，下部止於肩胛岡

Action: elevation, depression, retraction.

動作：使肩胛骨上提，下沉，後縮

Both side contract: extension the neck

兩端同時收縮：頸部後伸

Innervation: spinal root of accessory nerve

神經支配：副神經脊髓神經跟

Teres major muscle大圓肌

Origin: inferior angle of the scapular

起點：肩胛骨下角

Insertion: intertubercular groove of humerus

止點：肱骨結節間溝

Action: extension, internal rotation, adduction

動作：使上臂伸，內旋，內收

Innervation: lower subscapular nerve

神經支配：肩胛下神經

Levator scapular muscle肩胛提肌

Origin: transverse process of C1-C4

起點：C1-C4頸椎橫突

Insertion: superior angle of the scapular

止點：肩胛骨內側角（上角）

Action: elevation and retraction

動作：使肩胛骨上提和後縮

Innervation: C3 and C4

Dorsal scapular nerve

神經支配：發自脊神經頸叢的第三~四頸神經和臂叢的肩胛背神經

Pectoralis minor muscle胸小肌

Origin: anterior surface of the sternal ends of ribs 3-5

起點：第三~五肋骨前面

Insertion: coracoid process of the scapular

止點：肩胛骨喙突

Action: elevates ribs 3-5， protraction

動作：提3-5肋，拉引肩胛骨前伸

Innervation: medial pectoral nerve (C7-T1）

神經支配：胸內側神經（C7-T1)

Rhomboid muscle菱形肌

Origin: C7-T5 spinous process

起點：C7-T5棘突

Insertion: medial border of the scapular to the end of the medial scapular spine

止點：肩胛骨內側緣到肩胛岡內側

Action: elevation, retraction

動作：使肩胛骨上提，後縮

Innervation: dorsal scapular nerve

神經支配：肩胛背神經

Supraspinatus muscle岡上肌

Origin: supraspinous fossa of scapular

起點：肩胛骨岡上窩

Insertion: greater tuberosity of humerus

止點：肱骨大結節

Action: abduction, external rotation

動作：使上臂外展，外旋

Innervation: suprascapular nerve (C5-C6）

神經支配：肩胛上神經

Infraspinatus muscle岡下肌

Origin: infraspinous fossa of the scapular

起點：肩胛骨岡下窩

Insertion: greater tuberosity of the humerus

止點：肱骨大結節

Action: external rotation, extension

動作：使上臂外旋，伸

Innervation: suprascapular nerve (C5-C6）

神經支配：肩胛上神經(C5-C6）

Teres minor muscle小圓肌

Origin: lateral border of the scapular

起點：肩胛骨外側緣背面

Insertion: greater tuberosity of humerus

止點：肱骨大結節

Action: external rotation, adduction, extension

動作：外旋，內收，伸

Innervation: axillary nerve (C5-C6)

神經支配：腋神經(C5-C6)

Subscapularis muscle肩胛下肌

Origin: subscapular fossa and lateral border of scapular

起點：肩胛下窩，肩胛骨外側緣

Insertion: lesser tuberosity of humerus

止點：肱骨小結節

Action: internal rotation, adduction

動作：肩關節內旋內收

Innervation: sub scapular nerve (C5-C6)

神經支配：肩胛神經 (C5-C6)

Biceps brachii muscle肱二頭肌

Origin: short head: coracoid process

起點：短頭：肩胛骨喙突

Long head: supraglenoid tubercle of scapular

長頭：肩胛骨盂上結節

Insertion: radial tuberosity

止點：橈骨粗隆

Action: elbow flexion, supination

動作：屈曲，前臂旋後

Innervation: musculocutaneous nerve (C5-C6)

神經支配：肌皮神經(C5-C6)

Triceps brachii muscle肱三頭肌

Origin: long head: infraglenoid tubercle of scapular

起點：長頭：肩胛骨盂下結節

Lateral head: posterior humerus

外側頭：肱骨體後側

Medial head: radial groove

內側頭：橈神經溝

Insertion: posterior proximal olecranon

止點：尺骨鷹嘴後側近段

Action: extension the elbow

動作：伸肘

Innervation: radial nerve (C7-C8)

神經支配：橈神經 (C7-C8)

Coracobrachialis muscle喙肱肌

Origin: coracoid process of the scapular

起點：肩胛骨喙突

Insertion: medial aspect of midshaft of humerus

止點：肱骨中部內側

Action: shoulder flexion and adduction

動作：肩關節屈曲和內收

Innervation: musculocutaneous nerve (C6-C7)

神經支配：肌皮神經 (C6-C7)

Brachialis muscle肱肌

Origin: distal anterior humerus

起點：肱骨前面遠端

Insertion: tuberosity of the ulna

止點：尺骨粗隆

Action: flexion (elbow)

動作：屈肘

Innervation: musculocutaneous nerve (C5-C6)

神經支配：肌皮神經 (C5-C6)

Branch of radial nerve (C7)

橈神經支 (C7)