非常全的英語音標發音、拼讀規則,值得一練!
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巧記48個音標簡表:
熟悉後反覆複習鞏固的可用表格:
二. 音節與音節劃分知識
1. 音節
以母音為主體構成的發音單位,一般說來母音發音響亮,可以構成音節,輔音發音不響亮,不能單獨構成音節([m] [n] [? ] [l]例外)。從單詞拼寫形式上看,有幾個母音字母就有幾個音節。
2. 音節的劃分
① 在重讀音節和非重讀音節的相鄰處有兩個輔音字母時,一個輔音字母組屬於前面的音節,一個屬於後面的音節。
例如:let-ter,mem-ber,chil-dren,daugh-ter
② 在重讀和非重讀音節的相鄰處只有一個輔音字母時,如果前面重讀音節里的母音是長音則輔字組屬於後面一個音節,如果重讀音節里的母音是短音,則輔音字母屬於重讀音節。
例如:長音 pa-per,stu-dent,fa-ther,ze-ro,mo-tor,far-ther
短音 sev-en,stud-y,moth-er,ver-y,mod-le ,weath-er
3. 重讀音節
單詞中讀音特別響亮的音節。用音標標記雙音節、多音節詞的讀音時,應使用重讀符號。單音節詞多數是重讀音節,標記讀音時不需要使用重讀符號。
4. 開音節
① 絕對開音節:單個母音字母后面沒有輔音字母的重讀音節。
例如:no,blue,ba-by,stu-dent,se-cret
② 相對開音節:單個母音字母后面加單個輔音字母,再加一個不發音字母e構成的重讀音節。
例如:name,these,bike,home,excuse
5. 閉音節
單個母音字母后面有輔音字母(r、w、y 除外)且以輔音字母結尾的重讀音節。
例如:bag,egg,fish,not,cup
6. 雙音節詞重讀規則
① 雙音節詞的第一個音節通常是重讀音節。
例如: stu-dent,Chi-na,sec-ond,au-tumn
② 含有a- be- de- re- in- ex- 等前綴的雙音節詞往往是在第二個音節上重讀。雙音節詞的重讀位置不會因增加前綴或後綴而發生改變。
例如:a-bout,be-fore,ex-cuse,re-pair,for-get-ful,in-ven-tor
7. 多音節詞重讀規則
多音節詞通常在倒數第三個音節重讀。
例如: el-e-phant
詞尾有-ic 或-tion,-sion 的詞,在-ic或-sion,-tion前的一個音節上重讀。
例如:scien-tific,im-pression,na-tion
三. 英語單詞拼讀規則
1、母音字母在重讀音節中的讀音
2、母音字母在非重讀音節中的讀音
3、母音字母在重讀音節中的特殊讀音
4、-r音節母音字組在重讀音節中的讀音
5、-re音節母音字組在重讀音節中的讀音
6、母音字組在重讀音節中的讀音
7、非重讀音節中母音字組和字群的讀音
8、元字組在複合詞非重讀音節中的讀音
9、輔字組的讀音
四. 英語拼讀發音練習
來學讀音吧!
一.與母音字母 A 相關的單詞:
1.[ei] a在開音節中:發字母音,後面有不發音的e
face臉; grade年級;cake蛋糕; lake湖; make製造;take拿到;
snake蛇; name名字; same相同;plane飛機;grapes葡萄;date日期;
Kate 凱特; plate盤子; mane鬃毛;
2.[?] a在閉音節中:
black黑色的; dad爸爸; sad悲傷的; bag書包; am是;
Sam薩姆 lamp燈; an一(個---);can能; fan電風扇;man男人;and和; hand手; thank感謝; map地圖; has有; cat貓;
fat肥胖的;that那個;hat帽子;rabbit兔子 family家庭 camel駱駝
3.[a:] ar組合:
car小汽車;far遠的;star星星;card卡片;scarf圍巾;marker水彩筆 market市場 department store百貨商店 apartment building公寓;
hard努力地,硬的;park公園;arm胳臂;farm農場;
4.[ei] ai組合;
tail尾巴; rainy下雨的; train火車;
wait等;waiter男服務員; waitress女服務員
5.[??] air組合:
air空氣;hair頭髮;chair椅子 stairs樓梯
6.[ei] ay組合:
day天,日;today今天;play玩;may可以;May五月;say說;
way道路,方法; stay逗留
7. [i] ay組合:
Sunday 星期日 Monday星期一 Tuesday星期二 Wednesday星期三
Thursday星期四 Friday星期五 Saturday星期六
8.[?:] al組合:
talk說話;walk走;chalk粉筆;
9. [?:l] all組合:
all所有的 ball球;small小的;tall高的;wall牆; mall大廳;
call稱呼,打電話; fall秋天,跌落
10.[ a:s ]as或ass組合
ask問;class班級;glass玻璃杯;pass傳遞;grass草;last最後的;
11. [?] a
wash 洗 what什麼 watch看,手錶 want 想要
12. [?:] aw組合
paws爪子 draw畫
二.與母音字母 E 相關的單詞:
1.[i:] e在開音節中:發字母音
be是;he他;she她;me我;we我們; these這些;Chinese漢語;
2.[e] e在閉音節中:
bed 床; red紅色的; leg腿; spell拼寫; hen母雞; then那麼;
when什麼時候; pen鋼筆; ten十; dress女裙; let讓;
3.[i?] ere組合;
here這兒
4. [??] ere組合
there 那兒;where哪兒
4.[i:] ea組合;
sea 海洋;tea茶;peach桃子;teacher教師;read讀; please請; eat吃;meat肉;seat座位; beak鳥嘴 dream做夢 leaves樹葉
5.[e] ea組合;
head頭;bread麵包;feather羽毛; weather天氣;
6.[i?] ear組合:
ear耳朵; dear親愛的; hear聽見; near在……附近
7.[??] ear組合:
bear熊;pear梨
8.[?:] ear組合:
early早; year年;learn學,學會
9.[i:] ee組合:
bee 蜜蜂; three三; tree樹; see看見; need需要; week周,星期;feel感覺; green綠色;thirteen十三; sheep綿羊; sleep睡覺;
feet腳(複數);meet遇見; feed餵養
三.與母音字母 I 相關的單詞:
1.[ai] i在開音節中:發字母音
hi 喂; I我; ice冰;nice好的;rice米飯;ride騎;beside在---旁邊;
bike自行車; like喜歡;time時間;fine(身體)好; nine九;
white白色的; write寫; kite風箏; five五;drive駕駛
inside在……裡面 outside在……外面
2.[i] i在閉音節中:
which 哪一個;chick小雞;sick病的; big大的;pig豬;milk牛奶;
him他; swim游泳; in在---裡面; begin開始; sing唱歌;
pink粉紅色;drink喝;ship輪船; is是; his他的;this這個;
fish魚; Miss女士; it它; sit坐;six六
3.[?:] ir組合:
bird鳥; shirt(男)襯衫; skirt短裙 sir先生
girl 女孩 circle圓圈 thirty三十 thirteen十三 thirsty渴的
四.與母音字母 O 相關的單詞:
1.[?u ] o在開音節中:發字母音
go去;no不;so這樣,這麼;phone電話機;those那些;close關閉;nose鼻子; rose玫瑰花 home家 rope繩子 hole洞
2.[?] o在閉音節中;
clock鍾; dog狗; on在---上面; long長的; song歌曲;
shop商店; stop停止; hot熱的; not不; donkey驢 hop雙腳跳
orange橘子 ostrich鴕鳥 rock岩石
3. [Λ] o
mother媽媽 brother哥哥,弟弟 come來 some一些 other其他的
stomach胃,肚子 Monday星期一 monkey猴子
4.[?:] or組合:
or 或者;for為了;short短的,矮的;forty四十; horse馬; store商店
5.[?u ] oa組合;
road 路; boat小船; coat上衣; goat山羊; soap香皂
6.[u: ] oo組合;
too也;zoo動物園;cool涼的;school學校;room房間;moon月亮;afternoon下午; spoon湯勺; kangaroo袋鼠
7.[ u ] oo組合:
good好的;foot腳;classroom教師;look看;book書;cookies餅乾
8、[au] ou組合:
cloudy多雲的; house房子; mouse老鼠;about大約;
mouth嘴; blouse女式襯衫 mountain大山
10、[au ] ow組合:
cow母牛; how怎樣,多少; now現在; brown棕色的;
down向下 flower花
11. [?u ] ow組合:
slow慢的; know知道;
五.與母音字母 U 相關的單詞:
1.[ ju: ] u在開音節中發字母音
excuse 原諒;use使用;
2.[Λ] u在閉音節中:
much 很; jump跳; run跑; sun太陽; up向上; cup小茶杯;
but但是 bus公交車; umbrella雨傘; hundred百; cut剪,切;
mum媽媽;under在……下面; underline在……下面劃線;
number數字; understand理解 truck卡車
trunk象鼻 hug擁抱 duck鴨子
3.[?: ] ur組合:
nurse護士; turn輪流; hurt傷,疼; fur皮毛
六. Y 與 I 的發音相似
在開音節中讀[ai ]
sky天空; fly飛; July七月; my我的; try試,努力;
why為什麼; eye眼睛; bye再見
英語自然拼讀學習的六階成功法
第一階:建立字母與字母自然發音之間的直接聯繫。
第二階:能夠成功拼讀母音+輔音(輔音+母音)。如:c-a ca a-t at
第三階:能夠成功拼讀輔音+母音+輔音。如d-o-g dog
第四階:能夠成功拼讀雙音節或多音節單詞。如sw-ea-t-er sweater
第五階:能夠聽音辨字,即聽到單詞讀音就能拼出該單詞。
第六階:單詞量大量擴充,能夠閱讀英語文章。
1. 自然拼讀法的第一步是掌握二十六個字母的讀音 (Letter Sounds). 其中五個母音字母(a, e, i, o, u)發兩種音。
2. 第二步是進行單母音字母的拼讀練習,如: Sam, cat, mat, 等等.
3. 第三步, 是固定讀音的單詞 : the, a, is, to, have 等.
4. 第四步,是一個單詞里有兩個母音時,前邊一個母音發字母音, 後邊一個母音不發音,如: make, made, sea, five, nine, road等等.
5. 第五步, 是雙/三輔音在一起時怎麼聯讀, 如: bl(ack), str(eet)等;有一些輔音不發音,如: ghost,comb, lamb等;要掌握一下和"h"聯在一起的發音: ch, sh, th, wh。
6. 第六步,是特殊讀法:
單音節詞,以母音結尾, 這個母音發字母音. 如: me, hi, go 等等
Irregular: ar (car), ay(hay, may, say), igh (high, night, might), ew (new), er (sister, brother), ur(burn, hurt), ir (girl, fir, firm), or (horn), eigh (eight), oi (oil, boil), oy(boy), ow等有其特別的發音."c" 和 "k" 在一起時, 發一個音: quick, black等.
自然拼音拼讀練習表
第一天:
a , e, i , o, u, a_e, e_e, i_e, o_e, u_e
Aa : mat map bag cat hat fan bat apple
Ee: egg well red pen net hen bed bell
Ii: lick six bib pig pin kiss ink hill
Oo: ox on octopus box sock operate ostrich
Uu: sun umbrella cup bus nut gun uncle under
cape name tape lake game make take hate
these Japanese Chinese
bite five nine kite mine nice ride side
rose nose rope note pose home rode those
tube cube June cute huge
第二天:
ai, ay, ee, ea, ey, ie, igh, oa, ow, ui, ue
ai: tail rain paint pain jail rail nail maid
ay: bay ray way say hay pay May lay
ee: reeds eel bee peel jeep feet see teeth
ea: sea meat peanut eagle peach tea leaf pea
ey: donkey monkey jockey turkey monkey hockey key trolley
ie: tie pie lie die
igh: right sight night tight hight fight high sigh
oa: road toast toad coal goat boat coat soap
ow: rainbow pillow yellow window bowl row hollow low
ui: suit juice fruit
ue: Sue blue glue true
第三天:
ar, er, ir, ur, or
ar: arm car armchair card cart farm park garden
er: sister brother under rooster winter mermaid marker mother
ir: birthday circus dirty bird circle dirt girl
ur: turtle surfing turkey fur hurt purse nurse
or: porch pork horse horn fort morning corn fork
第四天:
ou, ow, oi, oy, au, aw, oo, oo, ea
ou: house out mouth count fountain mountain shout mouse
ow: cow towel clown owl crown brown flower tower
oi: coin oil point noise boil soil poison coil
oy: oyster boy cowboy soy toy
au: august sause sausage naughty autumn applause
aw: paw draw saw straw strawberry lawn
oo: moon zoo roof rooster boots food spoon room cool fool boom foolish
oo: book cook good foot look hook
ea: head sweater sweat pear lead bear leather feather
第五天:
ch, sh, wh, ph, th, th, kn, wr, mb
ch: beach lunch cheese bench church chicken chair cherry
sh: sheep shirt ship fish dish push shoes shovel
wh: whale white wheel wheat whip whistle wheel chair whisper
ph: photo elephant telephone trophy pharmacy alphabet
th: brother feather leather father mother
th: thumb three bathmat thirsty thief bath mouth teeth
kn: knob knee knife knock knit
wr: wrist wrinkle wrap wreath write
mb: thumb lamb bomb comb crumb numb
第六天:
bl, fl, pl, cl, gl, br, cr, gr, pr, fr, tr, dr
bl: blue black blouse bloom bleach blanket blonde hair
fl: flat flu fly flame flute floor flag flower
pl: plane play plus planet platform plum plate plant
cl: clock cloud clean clay climb close clap clown
gl: glove globe glass glue glasses glider
br: bright brook brim bride brown bread brick brother
cr: crown crab cream crow crayon crocodile cry croissant
gr: gray green grass grapes ground grow grandma
pr: prixe price prawn press prince princess pray
fr: frog frost Friday French fries fruit front friend frame
tr: tractor truck train tray tree triangle trunk trolley
dr: dream drum dry drop draw drive dress drink
第七天:
sm, sn, sl, sw, sp, st , sc, sk, all, ew, y
sm: smile small smell smoke smooth
sn: snowman snow snore snake snail sneakers sneakers snack
sl: slow slap sleep slide slope sled
sw: switch swallow swan swim sweet swing sweater sweat
sp: spider spaceship spinach spoon spell
st: stockings store star stamp storm stick student stand
sc: scarf scooter scanner scarecrow scale scorpion scoop
sk: skunk skis skirt skates
all: call tall fall ball wall
ew: dew few view hew new nephew newspaper
y: sky fly dry spy type shy cry my
Miny sunny puppy dizzy dirty pony happy baby
自然拼音強化練習:
Tongue twister
1.A big black bear sat on a big black bug.
2.A big black bug bit a big black dog on his big black nose!
3.Cat, Cat, catch that fat rat.
4.A fat cat catches a mad rat.
5.Blue glue gun, green glue gun.
6.Black background, brown background.
7.A noisy noise annoys an oyster.
8.A good cook can cook good cookies.
9.At noon I took a good book,and sat by the pool in the wood.I soon took off my boot.And put my foot in the pool.Oh! How cool, how cool.
10.The hunter and his huge horse hide behind in house.
11. Betty better butter Brads bread.
12.Two tiny tigers take two taxis to town.
13.The first is the first.The third is the third.The third can be the first, The first can be the third.
14.Sir, this girl wearing a dirty skirt is not the first, but the third.
15.A flea and a fly flew up in a flue. Said the flea, "Let us fly!" Said the fly, "Let us flee!" So they flew through a flaw in the flue.
16. I wish you were a fish in my dish.
17.Jeans three sheep are near the green jeep.
18.There are thirty -three thousand three hundred and thirty-three feathers on that birds throat.
19.Neither father nor mother likes this weather.20.It』s a goat,sitting in a boat,wearing a coat and writing a note.It』s a bear,sitting on a chair,holding a pear and combing its hair.It』s a cock,sitting on a rock,wearing a sock and looking at a clock.It』s a fly,wearing a tie,holding a pie and waving good bye.
五. 英語26個字母發音
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