希拉里是怎樣煉成的？| 金融時報
The making of Hillary Clinton: unpublished images of a would-be president
White House photographer Robert McNeely spent six years with the Clintons in the 1990s. He reveals the stories behind his pictures and what they say about the kind of leader Clinton might be.
白宮攝影師羅伯特·麥尼利在上世紀九十年代跟拍柯林頓夫婦6年之久。他揭秘照片背後的故事以及這些故事表明柯林頓是什麼樣的領導者。
What kind of president wouldHillary Clintonmake? Since she has already lived in the White House for eight years (1993-2001), we ought to have a surer feel for the prospect than for any previous incoming president. Yet America remains as bitterly divided in its view of her as any public figure since she came to prominence 24 years ago.
希拉里·柯林頓將會是怎樣的總統呢？她已在白宮住了八年，相比此前所有要當總統的人，我們應該對她更有把握。她24年前就嶄露頭角，可美國對作為公眾人物的她依然分歧尖銳。
It is hard to think of another name —Donald Trumpincluded — whose mere mention can more quickly turn a placid dinner party into a shouting match. Everyone has a deeply held opinion. They just don』t often overlap.
很難想得出哪個人，包括特朗普，一被提及就讓溫和的聚會立馬吵做一團。每個人都有所成見，他們常常看法各異。
「Hillary Clinton is an intensely private person — she gives away so little,」 says Robert McNeely, who spent six years with the Clintons as the official White House photographer. 「If she weren』t in politics, she could be a world-class poker player.」
羅伯特·麥尼利給柯林頓夫婦做了六年白宮官方攝影師，他說：「希拉里·柯林頓是個很注重私密的人，幾乎不為人知。如果不參與政治，她可以成為世界級的撲克玩家。」
As Clinton admitted in her Philadelphia acceptance speech last week, she far prefers the 「service」 part of public service to the public dimension, which she sees as a necessary evil. In that regard — and many others — it is hard to think of two characters less alike than Bill and Hillary Clinton.
正如柯林頓上周在費城提名演講上所言，她更喜歡公共服務中的「服務」而非「公共」，她認為後者是必要的惡。在這一點上以及其他很多方面，很難想像哪兩個人像比爾和希拉里如此不同。
「Bill craves attention,」 says McNeely, whose photographic book of Clinton』s years as first lady comes out in January. 「Hillary really doesn』t care if people like her or not.」
麥尼利說：「比爾渴望被關注，希拉里則不在乎人們喜不喜歡她。」麥尼利今年一月出版了第一夫人希拉里的照片集。
You know a person by the company she keeps, goes the saying. But Hillaryland is too large, and far too political, to trust any single portrait that emerges. The result is invariably impressionistic. It is hard to shake off the suspicion that whoever is talking to you is pushing a hidden agenda. Those who know won』t talk, goes the quip. And those who talk don』t know — particularly with Clinton.
老話說，識人先識友，可希拉里的圈子太大了，也太政治化，從中繪製的單幅肖像都不足為信，結果往往朦朦朧朧。很難擺脫這種懷疑，即與你說話的所有人都在推動某項潛在的議程。說句俏皮話，知道的人不開口，開口的不知道，認識希拉里的人尤其如是。
Among those who know her well, only a handful spent as many hours in close proximity to the Clintons as McNeely. And while he was there, she barely noticed his presence. His job was to be unobtrusive. For six years, he was director of White House photography. He took black-and-white photos that he developed in a dark room in the White House basement.
在熟知希拉里的人中，只有不多幾個人像麥尼利一樣與希拉里密切相處那麼長時間。他在場時，她都忘了他的存在，他的工作就是置身事外。六年來，他一直是白宮攝影主任。他拍黑白照片，在白宮的地下的暗室中洗出來。
McNeely followed the first couple almost everywhere — not even the family』s private apartment was off-limits. He was one of a small handful to receive advance copies of the presidential schedule. There was almost no meeting from which he was debarred. The result is more than half a million photographs, taken between 1992 and 1998.
麥尼利幾乎和第一夫婦在一起，甚至私人住宅也不設防。他是為數不多的幾個提前拿到總統日程的人，幾乎沒有什麼會場不讓他進去。1992年到1998年間，他拍了超過50萬張照片。
「The only time my access was curtailed was during theMonica Lewinsky scandal,」 he says. 「The Clintons were worried that my pictures might be subpoenaed by Kenneth Starr [the special prosecutor]. I suspect the real reason was they didn』t want anyone to witness the shouting matches they were having.」
他說：「只有一次進出受限，那就是萊溫斯基醜聞期間。柯林頓夫婦擔心我拍的照片被肯尼思·史塔當做呈堂證供。我懷疑真正的原因是他們不想讓其他人看到他們大吵大鬧。」
Each of his pictures tells a story. One of the most revealing shows a 1994 press conference with Hillary Clinton seated in the East Room facing the assembled media. It was her first such event since becoming first lady. She was told it might be her last.
每張照片背後都有一段故事。最引人入勝的是1994年希拉里坐在白宮東廳接受媒體群訪的照片。那是她做第一夫人以來第一場媒體活動。她被告知這可能是最後一次。
The White House had been besieged by rumours about the death ofVince Foster, a Clinton family friend from Arkansas and presidential counsel, who took his life following revelations over the Clintons』 failed Whitewater property deal — and a swirl of related subplots.
白宮正深陷文斯·福斯特死亡的醜聞之中，福斯特是柯林頓家在阿肯色州時的朋友，也是總統顧問。柯林頓夫婦在白水公司失敗的地產交易以及與此有關的一干糾葛被曝光後，福斯特喪了命。
Among the journalists it』s possible to spot some big names, including Helen Thomas, the veteran reporter who covered every president since Dwight Eisenhower, and Andrea Mitchell, the news anchor married to Alan Greenspan, then US Federal Reserve chairman.
在場者不乏大牌記者，其中有海倫·托馬斯，她從艾森豪威爾時代開始報道歷任總統，還有嫁給當時美聯儲主席格林斯潘的新聞主播安德里亞·米歇爾。
The first lady』s attempt to stop the firestorm dramatically backfired. Whitewater led to the appointment of Starr as special prosecutor, whose investigative peregrinations eventually chanced on that fateful semen-stained dress of a White House intern. The picture shows an earnest Clinton trying in vain to put a lid on a pressure cooker.
第一夫人試圖滅火，卻事與願違，情節頗為戲劇。由於白水事件，斯塔被任命為特別檢察官，他的深入調查最終碰巧發現白宮實習生一條沾有精斑的裙子，這真是致命的。照片表現了一臉真誠的柯林頓夫人沒能壓住高壓鍋的蓋子。
But her husband』s evasions over his dalliance with Monica Lewinsky resulted in his impeachment — and the temporary breakdown of America』s most high-profile marriage.
可丈夫對自己與萊溫斯基調情閃爍其詞，這導致對他的彈劾，美國最高調的婚姻暫告破裂。
「Those were tough years,」 says McNeely. 「The whole atmosphere in the White House turned paranoid.」 A wounded Clinton reportedly threw crockery and ashtrays at her husband, often finding her target. She has faced innumerable press firing squads since then. Should she win in November, she will face many more.
麥尼利說：「那些年真不容易。整個白宮的氣氛戰戰兢兢。」據稱，受到傷害的柯林頓夫人向丈夫扔陶罐和煙灰缸，而且常常扔得很准。從那時起，她遭遇了數不清的媒體「行刑隊」，要是她11月當選，還會面臨更多。
Should Bill Clinton thus become America』s first First Gentleman — or First Guy, as some have suggested — there will be as much amateur psychology, if not more, about the couple as there was in the 1990s. With the Clintons, the marital psychodrama is rarely far from the politics.
要是比爾·柯林頓成為美國的第一丈夫，也有人建議應該叫做「第一男人」，民間的心理學揣測將不亞於九十年代。對柯林頓夫婦而言，他們的婚姻心理劇從未遠離政治。
Another picture, also from the early White House years, shows Clinton standing in the Roosevelt Room near her husband, who is seated with aides. Mandy Grunwald, a political adviser, and Michael Sheehan, are in the frame. They are working on her healthcare reform bill, whose subsequent demise on Capitol Hill in 1994 triggered the second-biggest crisis of the Clinton years.
另一張照片也拍攝於白宮早年間，柯林頓夫人在羅斯福屋，站在丈夫旁邊，丈夫和幾個助手坐在一起。政治顧問曼迪·葛倫渥德和邁克爾·席汗在照片里。他們正在商討醫改法案，1994年這一法案在國會山夭折，引發了柯林頓任總統期間的第二場大危機。
She is clutching a sheaf of papers while casually running her hand through her hair. At one level, the picture is unexceptional. At another, it depicts the shattering of a 200-year precedent. Clinton was the first first lady to take charge of a serious policy initiative — Hillarycare was her husband』s top legislative priority.
她手裡握著一沓紙，手自然地縷著頭髮。從一個層面說，這張圖片談不上與眾不同；可從另一個層面講，這張照片打破了200年的先例。柯林頓是第一個負責嚴肅政策議程的第一夫人——希拉里醫改是她丈夫的頭號立法重點。
Clinton』s detractors, of whom there were many, had already bristled at her disregard for tradition. 「I suppose I could have stayed at home and baked cookies,」 she snapped during the 1992 campaign, thus offending the influential 「stay-at-home Mom」 vote, and legions of sexists.
柯林頓的批判者有許多，他們因她無視傳統而義憤填膺。1992年大選時，她聲色俱厲地說：「我想我本應待在家裡烤曲奇。」這惹惱了有影響力的「家庭主婦」選民以及大批性別歧視者。
Though 「Buy one Clinton, and get one free」 was one of the campaign』s informal mottoes, the idea of Hillary taking an overtly political role in the White House only further inflamed her critics. They thus took special glee in Hillarycare』s defeat. But the pragmatic way in which she handled that humiliation revealed another side to her character.
儘管「柯林頓買一贈一」成為那次競選的非正式口號之一，可希拉里公開在白宮扮演政治角色的想法進一步激怒她的批評者。於是希拉里醫改的失敗讓他們尤其開心，可她應對那次羞辱的實用主義方式揭示了她性格的另外一面。
Much the same could be said 14 years later, when she dusted herself off after losing the Democratic nomination to Barack Obama. She quickly fell in behind his candidacy and later agreed to be his secretary of state.
十四年後也大體如是，在民主黨提名戰中輸給奧巴馬後，她拍拍灰塵，很快站在奧巴馬一邊，後來又答應出任國務卿。
「After Hillarycare failed, she did not sink into gloom, as Bill was prone to do at times,」 says McNeely. 「She dived into the next project with the same workaholic zeal. Nobody should underestimate how tough she is. There aren』t many men like her.」
麥尼利說：「希拉里醫保法案失敗後，她沒有一蹶不振，反倒是比爾有時沒法振作。她像個工作狂，熱情飽滿地投入到下一個項目中去。沒人低估她的堅強，許多男人都不如她。」
Many of McNeely』s pictures show Clinton listening intently on the edge of presidential huddles — one on an MD80 plane during her husband』s 1996 re-election campaign. These, too, speak volumes. The president would happily allow Oval Office meetings to run on until the early hours. People would wander in and out.
在許多麥尼利的照片中，希拉里在一旁專心聆聽總統的密談，其中一張是1996年在MD80飛機上，當時她的丈夫正謀求連任，這些照片同樣內涵豐富。總統在橢圓辦公室開會，任其拖到凌晨，人們可以走進走出。
「Sometimes, people with no standing to the issue being discussed would just turn up and Bill would welcome them into his circle,」 says McNeely. 「It would infuriate the first lady.」
麥尼利說：「有時那些和討論事項無關的人出現，比爾也歡迎他們加入，這讓第一夫人很惱火。」
Often, she would bring her husband』s rambling meetings to a close and force him to take a decision. It was she in 1988 who convinced him it was too early to run for president — they were both in their early forties. She also persuaded him in 1993 to hire David Gergen, a former Republican adviser, to bring perspective to a White House in disarray after the failure of healthcare reform.
她經常叫停丈夫扯閑篇兒的會議，迫使他作出決定。正是她1988年說服丈夫，讓他明白競選總統為時過早，當時二人剛過不惑之年。1993年，她還勸說丈夫僱用共和黨前顧問大衛·格根，讓他給醫改失敗後處於混亂之中的白宮帶來新意。
「People say she is only able to run for the presidency because she is married to Bill Clinton,」 says McNeely. 「That could be true. But I can』t imagine Bill would have made it to the White House without Hillary.」
麥尼利說：「人們說正是因為她嫁給了比爾·柯林頓，才得以競選總統。這可能是對的，但沒有希拉里，我想像不出比爾能入主白宮。」
Hillary Clinton in upstate New York during her senate campaign in 2000
One of most recent pictures in McNeely』s portfolio shows her on a campaign bus when she was running for a New York Senate seat in 2000. As first lady, this also broke precedent. Surrounded by reporters, she looks almost Zen-like. Is her expression a blank mask, or does it convey inner composure? For her by then lame-duck — though still popular — husband, the New York Senate campaign was something of a life-saver.
麥尼利照片冊中時間晚近的一張照片顯示她2000年坐在競選大巴上，當時她正競選紐約參議員。作為第一夫人，這也是沒有先例的。在記者的包圍下，她看起來如入禪定。她的表情是一張空洞的面具，還是反映了內心的平靜？當時他的丈夫人氣仍然很高，卻是只坡腳鴨，競選紐約參議員就像一根救命稻草。
譯註：總統最後一年任期被認為難有作為，所以稱為「坡腳鴨」。奧巴馬政府因民主黨在2014年中期選舉中失去多數黨席位，所以早早就成了坡腳鴨。
Al Gore, the vice-president, who was running as the Democratic presidential nominee, pictured sharing a joke with Hillary, spurned the president』s help, possibly fatefully. (If Gore had won the Clinton home state of Arkansas, there would have been no need for that Florida recount.) President Clinton thus poured his energy into his wife』s campaign.
正在競爭民主黨總統提名人的副總統阿爾·戈爾被拍到與希拉里講笑話，當時他不屑於總統幫忙，這可能是要命的——如果戈爾贏下柯林頓的老家阿肯色州，可能就無需要求對佛羅里達重新計票了——於是柯林頓總統把勁兒使在妻子的競選上了。
譯註：2000年的美國總統大選在佛羅里達州計票程序上引起競選雙方的爭議後，美國聯邦最高法院判定佛羅里達州人工重新計票「違反憲法」，致使戈爾雖贏得比小布希多的選票，卻輸掉了選舉。
「After the Lewinsky scandal broke, Gore never regained his respect for the president,」 says McNeely. 「But Hillary and Gore always got along really well. There was often a running banter between them.」
麥尼利說：「萊溫斯基醜聞發生後，戈爾再也瞧不起柯林頓了。可希拉里和戈爾關係一直不錯，他們兩人常常相互打趣。」
Over the next three months,Bill Clinton will play a key rolein arguing for his wife』s historic bid. Speculation about his dicey health only rose last week when he gave his most personal address to date about the origins of their marriage. Though he had lost none of his rhetorical command, he looked gaunt and his hands shook at various points.
隨後的三個月中，比爾·柯林頓在支持妻子競選中發揮了關鍵作用，這次競選具有歷史意義。上周他發表演講時，追憶了他們如何步入婚姻，這是最個人化的一次演講，有猜測說他健康問題堪憂，儘管他不失雄辯風範，卻面色憔悴，雙手不時顫抖。
三次求婚 | 柯林頓深情回憶希拉里（上）
三次求婚 | 柯林頓深情回憶希拉里（下）
Clinton clearly enjoyed the celebrity glamour of the first lady role. Though she never paid much attention to her wardrobe — 「What she chose to wear often seemed to be the last and least important decision of the day,」 says McNeely — she liked it when others did.
很明顯，柯林頓享受第一夫人帶來的光環。儘管她從不太關注自己的衣櫥——麥尼利說：「每天穿什麼看起來常常是她一天中最不重要的決定」，可別人關注此事時，她卻很高興。
One of the pictures shows her being touched up for a shoot for Elle magazine. 「They were adjusting her blouse and brushing a bit of rouge on her cheek and she seemed to be really loving it,」 says McNeely. 「I said: 『You』re really good at this,』 and she just laughed.」
一張照片中，她準備上《世界時裝之苑》雜誌，正在讓人修妝。麥尼利說：「他們整理她的襯衫，打了點腮紅，她看起來很高興。我說，你挺懂的嘛。她只是笑。」
Another shows Clinton, trailed by Diana, Princess of Wales; Anna Wintour, editor of Vogue; and Katharine Graham, the owner of the Washington Post; at a breast cancer awareness event in the White House. Ralph Lauren is just in the frame.
另一張照片顯示柯林頓走在前面，後面跟著威爾士王妃黛安娜、《時尚》雜誌編輯安娜·溫圖爾和《華盛頓郵報》老闆凱瑟琳·葛蘭姆，她們參加在白宮舉辦的一場乳腺癌宣傳活動，拉夫·勞倫也在相片中。
Clinton was in her element, says McNeely. 「She sensed Diana was a little tongue-tied and she just did all the talking,」 he says. 「If you』ll forgive me for saying so, Diana wasn』t the sharpest tool in the box. But she knew enough to know that it was better not to say too much.」
麥尼利說，柯林頓如魚得水。「她發現黛安娜不太愛說話，她就不停地說。原諒我這麼說，黛安娜的腦瓜不算靈光，可她知道少說為妙。」
Another photograph from this period shows the Clintons relaxing with the Blairs — the very pinnacle of Third Way power coupledom. Cherie Blair is kicking off her shoes, somewhat to the surprise of the Clintons.
這一時期的另一張照片中，柯林頓夫婦和布萊爾夫婦輕鬆地坐在一起，柯林頓和布萊爾都主張走第三條道路，兩對有權勢的夫婦當時正處於巔峰。切莉·布萊爾踢掉鞋子，這頗讓柯林頓夫婦吃驚。
譯註：第三條道路主要內容為：在社會民主主義的基礎上，肯定自由市場的價值，強調解除管制、地方分權和低稅賦等政策。比爾·柯林頓、托尼·布萊爾、德國總理格哈特·施羅德以及西班牙總理薩帕特羅等人的政策就體現了「第三種道路」的核心理念。
One of the most striking photographs is of a youthful-looking Clinton in 1992, on her husband』s first presidential campaign trail, holding a voter』s baby. She does not seem to notice it chewing on her sunglasses. An anxious onlooking parent seems unsure what to do. Even those most cynical about Clinton』s authenticity will concede her abiding interest in children』s rights — starting with her work for the Children』s Defence Fund in the 1970s.
最抓人眼球的照片之一是一臉青春的柯林頓，那是1992年，在丈夫頭一回總統競選遊說活動中，她抱著一個選民的寶寶。她看起來沒注意到寶寶正在咬她的太陽鏡，旁觀的父親顯得手足無措。那些最不屑於柯林頓會真心誠意的人，他們也會承認她自始至終關注兒童權利——從上世紀七十年代的兒童防衛基金開始。
After Hillarycare failed, she turned her attention to expanding children』s health insurance. That initiative did pass Congress. In 2007, I had to switch a one-to-one interview with Clinton into a telephone interview because I had to catch an urgent flight to New Delhi to do paperwork for my daughter』s adoption. Clinton asked where she was. I mentioned the name of the orphanage. 「You mean the one behind civil lines in old Delhi?」 she asked. 「Yes, I』ve visited it.」 She then spoke knowledgeably on the subject for several minutes.
希拉里醫改失敗後，她把注意力轉向推廣兒童健康保險，該議程在國會通過了。2007年，我不得不把對柯林頓的面對面採訪改為電話採訪，因為我必須趕上去新德里的飛機，為收養我的女兒填一些文件。柯林頓夫人問她在哪裡，我提到了孤兒院的名字。「你說的是老德里市政府後面的那家嗎？嗯，我去過那裡。」然後她很內行地就這個事聊了幾分鐘。
My favourite photograph — and the most telling — shows Clinton at the Secret Service firing range in Beltsville, Maryland. A trainer steadies her shoulder as she fires the sniper rifle at a target. You can just make out the haze of an exploding glass bottle at the other end of the range. 「Hillary is secretly a tomboy,」 says McNeely. 「She loves this kind of stuff.」 She also takes the preparation seriously.
我最喜歡的一張照片，也是最說明問題的，希拉里在馬里蘭州貝茨維爾的特勤局靶場。她端著狙擊步槍打靶，訓練者托著她的肩膀。靶場另一邊爆炸的玻璃瓶的焦點虛化了。麥尼利說：「希拉里背地裡是個假小子，她喜歡這些東西。」她也認真做了準備。
I ask McNeely what Clinton』s years as first lady tell us about the kind of president she would be. McNeely evaluates what he sees as her core traits. 「She is very quick to judge people,」 he says. 「If Bill senses someone doesn』t like him, he will spend hours trying to convert that person. Hillary doesn』t bother.」
我問麥尼利，柯林頓做第一夫人的歲月說明她會是怎樣的總統呢？麥尼利評估了他心中她的核心品質。「她迅速對別人做出評價，如果比爾感覺誰不喜歡他，他要花上幾個小時試圖改變那個人，希拉里不會這麼勞神。」
Second, her White House would be 「highly feminised」. Her East Wing was a very female counterpoint to her husband』s overwhelmingly male West Wing. She has already pledged that half her cabinet will be female.
第二，她掌管下的白宮會「相當女性化」。相比丈夫高度陽剛的西翼樓，她的東翼樓非常陰柔。她已許諾她的內閣將有一半是女人。
But she is also less Socratic. 「She would spend a lot of time selecting the right people,」 he says. 「But my sense is that any aide who disagrees with her on the big subjects won』t last very long in the job.」
但她也不那麼深思熟慮。「她會花很多時間選擇正確的人，但我感覺在重大問題上和她有分歧的任何助手都不會幹太久。」
Most importantly, she will always know more about her brief than anyone else. Grasp of detail will never be her weak point, though lack of an overarching vision has been. 「There isn』t a person in the world who can outwork Hillary Clinton,」 says McNeely. 「Isn』t it funny that her opponent in this election is the laziest mind in the western world?」
更重要的是，她總是比別人更清楚她的職責。把握細節從來不是她的弱點，儘管缺少大局觀曾經是。麥尼利說：「世界上沒人比希拉里·柯林頓更能幹。她這次大選中的對手恰好是西方世界中最糊塗的，這難道不是很有趣嗎？」
辭彙
placid
not easily irritated. 波瀾不驚的例句：Japan contends that Chinese fishing and naval vessels in recent months have flocked in ever greater numbers to the disputed area, turning what was once a relatively placid outpost into a flash point.
日本聲稱中國漁船和海軍艦艇在最近幾個月越來越多地聚集在爭議地區，把一個曾經相對平靜的前哨變成了引爆點。
bristle at
show anger or indignation例句：But theybristle atattacks on copsat a time when violent crime in their city is a national topic. （《洛杉磯時報》8月10日）
他們城市的暴力犯罪是全國熱議的話題，此時襲擊警察讓他們氣憤。
spurn
reject with contempt. 不屑一顧
例句：After all, Russia repeatedlyspurnsU.S. requests to cooperate in Syria, and the Obama administration simply responds with more requests.
無論如何，俄國反覆拒絕美國在敘利亞進行合作的請求，奧巴馬政府只是不斷請求。
in one"s element
doingsomethingyoulikeverymuchandarecomfortablewith. 得心應手
例句：Paulisinhiselementwhenhe"sworkingintheoffice,butwhenhe"smakingsalescalls,he"smiserable.
保羅在辦公室工作得心應手，可打推銷電話則很糟糕。
口語
When someone says something nice to you--when they WISH YOU good, how can we respond? Well, we can always just say "Thank you!" But it is often better to say something like, "Thanks! You, too!" or "The same to you!"
做空中國七年間 | 彭博
衛報 | 希拉里的七個時代
女人幫女人 | 奧巴馬夫人怎麼誇柯林頓夫人以及自誇？
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