手把手帶你看「運動」翻翻書，奧運英語全知道（田徑篇）

1. Track and field 田徑

Athletics involves two types of sports. Track events are mostly running races on a track…

田徑包括兩種運動。徑賽項目通常是在跑道上進行的跑步比賽……

…and field events involve jumping or throwing things. These take place on this grassy field.

……而田賽項目包含跳或投擲。這些會在草地上舉行。

2. Field events 田賽項目

Long jump 跳遠

High jump 跳高

Javelin ["d??vlin] 標槍

Shot put 鉛球

Pole vault [v?lt] 撐桿跳

Cages for discus ["disk?s] and hammer throwing 擲鐵餅和鏈球的籠子

3. High jump 跳高

The high jump is all about who can jump the highest.

跳高就是看誰跳得最高。

After each jump, the bar is raised so the athlete can try to jump higher.

每次跳完之後，桿會被升高，這樣運動員就可以試著跳得更高。

4. Long jump 跳遠

The long jump is all about who can jump the furthest.

跳遠就是看誰跳得最遠。

Each jump is measured from the launch pad to the nearest mark the athlete makes in the sand pit.

每一跳都要測量從起跳台到運動員在沙坑中留下的最近痕迹（之間的距離）。

Judges use high-tech equipment to measure the jump.

裁判用高科技設備來測量跳遠（的距離）。

5. Pole vault 撐桿跳

Pole vaulters jump up and over a very high bar.

撐桿跳運動員跳起來越過一根很高的桿。

They use a springy metal pole to lift them into the air. They twist over the bar and land on a safety mat below.

他們用一根有彈力的金屬桿把他們升到空中。他們翻過杆子然後落到下面的安全墊上。

Some pole-vaulters jump over 6m (20ft). That』s higher than a giraffe.

一些撐桿跳運動員可以跳過6米（20英尺）。比一隻長頸鹿還要高。

6. Four throwing events 四個投擲項目

There are four throwing events in athletics…

田徑運動包含四個投擲項目……

Hammer (a metal ball on a wire)

鏈球（有鏈條的金屬球）

Shot put (throwing a heavy iron ball)

鉛球（投擲一個很重的鐵球）

Discus (a metal disc)

鐵餅（一個金屬圓盤）

Javelin (a spear)

標槍（一支矛）

7. Sprint Start 蹲式起跑

To get a speedy start, athletes put their feet in 『starting blocks』…

為了快速起跑，運動員把他們的雙腳放到起跑器上……

They wear light, tight shoes withspikes to help grip the track.

他們穿著輕而緊的釘鞋，幫助抓地。

Then they rise into a crouch…

然後他們起身蹲伏……

…and burst from the blocks. This is called a sprint start.

……然後從起跑器上衝出去。這叫做蹲式起跑。

8. Starting the race 開始比賽

Races are started by an official near to the starting line.

起跑線附近的裁判員宣布比賽開始。

「On your marks!」

「各就各位！」

The official raises a 『starter pistol』 (a gun with no bullets)…

裁判員舉起發令槍（沒有子彈的槍）……

「Get set.」

「預備。」

BANG! The shot signals the start of the race, and sets off the timer.

砰！槍聲發出比賽開始的信號，並啟動計時器。

9. Sprint 短跑

The speediest sprinters run 100m in less than 10 seconds.

最快的短跑選手可以在10秒鐘以內跑完100米。

That』s a lot faster than some animals…

那比一些動物快多了……

…but much slower than others.

……不過比另外一些動物慢多了。

10. Hurdle races 跨欄比賽

In hurdle races, athletes leap over raised bars (hurdles) along the track.

在跨欄比賽中，運動員們沿著跑道躍過豎起的橫杆（欄）。

The steeplechase has a higher jump…

障礙賽需要跳得更高……

…with water on the other side.

……另一邊有水。

A television camera slides along rails.

一台攝像機沿著軌道滑過。

11. Finish line 終點線

Sometimes it』s hard to tell who won.

有時候很難看出誰贏了。

To help the judges, a high speed camera snaps runners as they cross the finish line. This is called a photo finish.

為了幫助裁判，一台高速攝像機拍下運動員跨過終點線的瞬間。這叫做終點攝影。

Scoreboards show the winning time. 『New WR』 means the time is a new world record.

計分板顯示獲勝的時間。『New WR』的意思是這個時間是一個新的世界紀錄。

12. Medals 獎牌

The winners get medals.

獲勝者得到獎牌。

Gold medal is for first place, silver for second and bronze for third.

金牌給第一名，銀牌給第二名，銅牌給第三名。

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