你的朋友是直升梯還是牢籠？（附音頻）

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6:18 你的朋友是直升梯還是牢籠？ 來自英語學習雜誌 畢業、搬家、換工作、出國……我們身邊的朋友一換再換，我們自己也因身邊人的變化而不斷改變。面對友情，我們總會用忠誠來測量它的牢固，彷彿在任何情況下都不離不棄才是最佳的友情。有些時候，結果會令人滿意，但在其他時候，彼此的羈絆反而使雙方都跌入谷底。明智的友情，不應是來者不拒，而應是精挑細選，適當的取捨還可能會帶來意想不到的積極效果。When going through major life shifts, like changing careers, I would shift the people with whom I spent the most time. We』ve all gone through periods where the people in our lives have changed—graduation, moving to a new city, getting a new job, joining a new club, etc. I don』t think I need to convince you just how much influence other people can have over your identity. If you』ve ever experienced a major shift in your people environment, then you know that you change as well.Most people don』t make these choices consciously though. You might consciously decide to spend more time with a certain friend, or you may ask someone out on a date to begin a new relationship. But few people choose the bulk of their existing friendships deliberately.[1] Chance meetings[2] may be out of your control, but the strength or weakness of your existing connections is largely under your control.1. the bulk of: 大多數；deliberately: 慎重地，深思熟慮地。2. chance meeting: 邂逅，偶然相遇。Think for a moment about the 5—10 people with whom you spend the most time. Even include online communities if you spend a lot of time reading them—which individuals are having the most influence over your thinking right now? Actually write out the list—it should only take a minute. And this includes family members.Now look at the list. It』s been said that this list will give you a glimpse into your future.Do you want to become more like these people? Yes or no. Is anyone on the list a bad influence that causes you to backslide[3]? Is anyone on the list a shining light that encourages you to reach new heights?3. backslide: 倒退。Now have you ever thought about consciously changing this list? Do you realize that you have the ability to populate this list by choice instead of by chance?[4] You』re free to say no to having certain people in your life, and you』re also free to make the effort to introduce new people you want in your life. Sometimes there are serious consequences, such as with family members and bosses, but it』s still a choice.4. 你是否意識到你有能力自主選擇名單上的人，而不是單憑偶然？populate: 移民於，使人口聚集於。There』s no 「getting rid of[5] people.」 People are always drifting in[6] and out of each others』 lives. Associations grow into friendships, and friendships fade into associations. You don』t get rid of anyone. The truth is that in order to make room for new people and new experiences, you may need to loosen up some of your existing connections.5. get rid of: 除去，擺脫。6. drift in: 偶然進入，隨意進入。

What about loyalty? Shouldn』t you always be loyal to your friends? Once you have a close friend, even if their influence on you is somewhat destructive, shouldn』t you stick by them?[7]7. destructive: 破壞性的；stick by: 支持，忠於。Loyalty is one of my personal values. But my value of loyalty means being loyal to my vision of my highest and best self and to my core values[8]. And this runs both ways. While I know I can』t afford to hang on to friendships that conflict with my values, I also can』t hang onto friends that I may be holding back in some way. I only want to have win-win relationships where everyone benefits.8. core value: 核心價值觀。Loyalty to a friend sometimes means having to let go. It means being loyal to their highest and best self as well. If someone is destroying their health by smoking, for example, you aren』t showing loyalty by smoking right along with them. True loyalty sometimes requires that you break destructive connections, get yourself back on solid ground, and then decide what you can really do to help your friend (which sometimes requires letting them hit bottom[9]).9. hit bottom: 達到最壞的程度。It can take a lot of courage to tell someone, 「I』m sorry, but I can』t have you in my life anymore.」 But even though this might seem like a selfish act at times, it』s often the best thing for the other person too. If a relationship is holding you back in some way, understand that it』s also hurting the other person. For example, if you work for an abusive boss, your acceptance of that situation constitutes silent approval, encouraging your boss to continue to behave abusively (towards yourself and others).[10]10. 舉個例子，如果你的上司很暴虐，你的接受就是無聲的認同，使得你的上司繼續對你或其他人惡言相待。abusive: 施虐的，謾罵的；constitute: 被視為。If you smoke and suddenly say to all your smoker friends, 「I』m sorry, but I can』t continue to be friends with people who smoke anymore. I』ve decided I need to be a nonsmoker,」 you』ll probably meet with a lot of resistance[11]. But if you follow through with it, your actions will eat away at[12] some of those old friends. And a year later when you』re a nonsmoker, one of them will contact you privately, 「I』d like to quit too. Can you help me?」 And you will be able to help. You might even renew your old friendship, but at a whole new level.11. resistance: 反對，抗拒。12. eat away at: 煩擾，使……煩心。The kinds of relationships I seek out today are those which have the potential to be win-win, where both people can help each other to grow in positive ways without holding each other back. Not one person using the other—synergy.[13] I』m always open and inviting of new friendships of this kind. If I ever feel like I』m stuck in a cage, I know it』s time to reach out and make some new connections and/or loosen up some old ones.13. 兩個人都不會利用對方，而是共同進步。synergy: 協同作用。以上內容節選自《英語學習》雜誌2015年11月刊。版權所有，轉載請註明出處。《英語學習》征！稿！啦！請戳「閱讀原文」查看詳情，更有豐厚禮品等你拿~
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