2018年5月Catti二級筆譯實務翻譯全解析

2018年5月Catti二級筆譯實務翻譯全解析

2018年5月19日CATII二級筆譯考試真題

翻譯實務部分

英譯中

第一篇文章

（針對此次CATTI二級筆譯的考試，目前網上並無權威的參考譯文。傳奇翻譯資深校審謹斗膽在此搶先進行試譯和翻譯解析。僅供CATTI考生翻譯學習參考和探討之用。未經同意，不得用做他用。）

Faculty shortage could thwart Indias education

dream

傳奇譯文：師資短缺已成為印度教育夢的絆腳石

翻譯解析：本標題的翻譯主要集中在對單詞thwart的準確釋義上。翻譯新手往往會字對字進行翻譯，而且對thwart的理解偏頗。Could

thwart說明了Faculty shortage對Indias education

dream的直接影響。所以，既要避免字對字，又要兼顧文采，還要譯文傳神。那我認為可以拋開原文的語序限定，將thwart直接翻譯為絆腳石。從而，起到一箭三調的作用。

At one of the better colleges in Indias capital,

there is just one large room for 140 faculty members to sit and have a cup of

tea or grade papers. "If even half show up, there arent enough chairs," said

Amin, a history professor there. "There is no other place to work. In this

situation, how do you expect teachers to work?"

傳奇譯文：瑪麗學院，作為印度首都新德里設施較好的學院之一，也只配備了一個大房間，以供140名教工集體休憩或閱卷。「即便該房間只容留70名教職員工，那辦公座椅也不夠用，」瑪麗學院的一位歷史學教授阿明如是說。「在別無他處辦公的窘境下，教員們該怎麼安心工作呀？」

翻譯解析：本段原文英語看似簡短、平淡，實則暗藏的語義內容較為豐富。這就需要充分發揮漢語的優勢，對原文進行細緻的解剖和深入的語言雕琢。首句：At

one of the better colleges in Indias capital, there is just one large room for

140 faculty members to sit and have a cup of tea or grade papers.

本段理解主要集中在單詞better，句子there is just one large room和句子to sit and have a cup of

tea的理解上。Better一定要翻譯出較好的意思，而且根據上下文，要在譯文進行增譯處理。即：不僅僅要翻譯出較好，還得強調是設施較好。否則不但體現不出既定的語境，而且還會為下一句的遣詞造句之順利出場增加唐突性。句子there

is just one large room的理解，一定要翻譯出僅僅/只配備有一個大房間。而句子to sit and have a cup of

tea，其中的to sit可以翻譯為就坐，但這樣顯得譯文過於平淡，如果將就坐和喝茶一起來理解的話，無非就是休息或者休憩。所以，have a cup of

tea其實是可以做省譯處理。後句和尾句："If even half show up, there arent enough chairs," said

Amin, a history professor there. "There is no other place to work. In this

situation, how do you expect teachers to

work?"這兩句在理解上，難度都不算大。但還是有一些需要注意的地方，比如history

professor，千萬不能翻譯為歷史教授，正確的理解為歷史學教授。而尾句"There is no other place to work. In this

situation, how do you expect teachers to

work?"鑒於語意的連貫性，可以將其一道整合起來理解，盡量避免字對字。

The lack of amenities for faculty members is not

the only issue. After 30 years at Mary College, which is one of dozens

administered by the University of Delhi, Ms. Amin makes the equivalent of

$22,000 a year - less than half of what some of her better students will make in

their first jobs. New opportunities offer not just more money for graduates but

also mobility and flexibility, which are virtually unheard of for faculty at

most of Indias colleges and universities.

傳奇譯文：然而，印度教育所面臨的問題不僅僅是教員設施的不足。儘管，阿明女士在貴為德里大學下設的其中之一所院校的瑪麗學院已執教30載，但她的年薪只有22,000美元。這樣的薪資還不及她執教過的那些得意門生們首份工作年薪的一半。新的機遇不僅僅為大學畢業生帶來了更為豐厚的經濟回報，而且還為工作賦予了流動性和靈活性，而這些福利都是印度大學教員們聞所未聞的。

翻譯解析：本段原文英語依然延續了簡潔的表達文風，將教員與大學畢業生的收入進行了強烈的對比。故，在對本段漢語譯文的編織中，要尤其注意感情色彩的鋪陳和合理演繹。整句看似形容結構很繁雜，其實主旨就一條，那就是印度教育所面臨的問題不僅僅是教員設施的不足，還有收入回報懸殊的問題。本段幾乎無語言難點，全文只需要抓住After

30 years at Mary College, which is one of dozens administered by the University

of

Delhi這一句，並對其進行合理的語言架構，突出句子暗含的感情色彩。一定要翻譯出瑪麗學院貴為德里大學的下設院校，突出瑪麗學院的身份和優越性，從而進一步凸顯主人公阿明案例的代表性。把控好該段的核心要義，則整句的遣詞造句便是順理成章，水到渠成。

All this means that India is facing a severe

shortage of faculty members. But it is not just low pay and lack of facilities

that are being blamed. According to a government report published last year, a

massive expansion in higher education combined with a poor supply of PhDs,

delays in recruitment and the lack of incentives to attract and nurture talent

has led to a situation in which 40 percent of existing faculty positions remain

vacant. The reports authors, mostly academics, found that if the shortfall is

calculated using the class size recommended by the government, this figure jumps

to 54 percent.

傳奇譯文：諸此種種，無不意味著印度正遭遇著教工嚴重短缺的問題。但不能將其僅僅歸咎於薪資低廉和設施匱乏。根據去年發布的一份政府報告，高等教育的大規模擴張，博士數量的供不應求，加之招聘滯後與吸納和培養人才激勵措施的缺乏。這一切致使現有教職工崗位空缺率高達40％。該份政府報告的作者大多從事學術研究，他們研究發現，如果按照印度政府倡導的班級規模來計算話，則現有教職工崗位空缺率將驟增至54％。

翻譯解析：本段雖然句子較為分散，但是語意很是連貫。詳細講述了造成師資短缺的根源。本段語言難點也較少，全文的難點在於According

to a government report published last year, a massive expansion in higher

education combined with a poor supply of PhDs, delays in recruitment and the

lack of incentives to attract and nurture talent has led to a situation in which

40 percent of existing faculty positions remain

vacant對這個長句的理解上。鑒於該句修飾成分較多，翻譯的時候要拿捏好哪些是鋪墊成分，哪些是句子的主幹，而哪些是從句。哪些是概括，哪些是解釋成分。搞清楚句子的複雜結構，本句的翻譯可謂峰迴路轉，柳暗花明。考生可以根據譯文，來揣度這其中的深意。

Experts say this is the clearest sign that India

will fail to meet the goal set by the education minister, who has pledged to

more than double the size of the countrys higher education system by 2020. They

say that while the ambition is laudable, the absence of a long-term strategy to

develop faculty will ensure that Indias education dream remains just that.

傳奇譯文：專家們表示，這清晰地表明印度將難以實現其教育部長所設定的目標，即承諾將在2020年前使印度高等教育學生的數量翻一番。專家們一致認為，雖然這一雄心壯志值得嘉許，但由於缺乏培育教員的長期戰略，印度的教育夢也只能是空想。

翻譯解析：本段語言較為概括。本段語言難點也較少，難點在於對尾句They say that

while the ambition is laudable, the absence of a long-term strategy to develop

faculty will ensure that Indias education dream remains just

that的理解上。要揣摩句子間的情感轉折色彩，remains just that在此可理解為擱淺或者空想。

Mr. Balakrishnan of Indian institute of

technology in Delhi, meanwhile, was more optimistic. He felt India could enroll

as much as 25 percent of eligible students in colleges and universities - about

twice the current figure - by the end of this decade. "Tangible changes are

happening," he said. "The debate that has happened in the last few years has

taken people out of their comfort zones. There is more consensus across the

board that we need to scale quality education."

傳奇譯文：而位於德里的印度理工學院巴拉科瑞斯南先生則持更為樂觀的態度。他認為，到2020年，印度屆時可從高等學府招募到25%的優秀畢業生作為高教職工。這個比率約為現今的兩倍。「真實的變化正在進行，」巴拉科瑞斯南先生如是說。「過去這幾年間喋喋不休的論辯結果就是人們已經走出了安樂窩。普及素質教育，已然成為所有人的共識。」

翻譯解析：本段應該算整篇文章的壓軸段落。原文語言不僅精簡，而且晦澀難懂。還摻雜了一些不太常用的表達。讓人不得不佩服出題官的用心良苦。本段難點主要集中在片語Comfort zones的準確釋意和結尾兩句The debate that

has happened in the last few years has taken people out of their comfort zones.

There is more consensus across the board that we need to scale quality

education的理解。這兩句我結合全文進行了個性化的語言編織，旨為翻譯考生提供一種理解維度。

英譯中

第二篇文章

（鑒於時間和精力有限，在此只上傳第二篇文章的原文內容，僅供有興趣的翻譯學員實踐和練筆。不得用做他用。）

通過本次對2018年5月19日全國CATTI二級筆譯翻譯實務部分英中翻譯第一篇文章深入淺出的嘗試翻譯和深入解析，相信大部分準備報考CATTI的翻譯學員都對二級筆譯有了一個相對清晰的了解和掌握。依傳奇翻譯資深校審切身體會看來，二級筆譯看似簡單，實則暗藏玄機。要翻譯出來，可能學過英語的人，都可以翻譯個大概意思。然而，實戰翻譯要求精準、忠實體現原文的意思甚至是語氣，完成感情色彩的巧妙轉換，有時甚至還要求文化形式上的表達對等。所以，想要在二級筆譯的考場中考出比較理想的成績，尤其是拿到高分，那難度還是相當大的。

如果沒有翻譯前輩的指點迷津和手把手的實戰翻譯技能的指導，那對於一名普通的英語專八畢業生而言，要完全勝任專業筆譯工作，至少要耗費5年甚至更久的時間。更多有關CATTI二、三級筆譯翻譯實務的技能指導，敬請關聯傳奇翻譯微信：tracytrans，傳奇翻譯資深審王老師將帶領你在翻譯考級的戰場所向披靡，無不勝。

原文首發鏈接：2018年5月Catti二級筆譯實務翻譯全解析，傳奇翻譯搶先試譯旨為助考生拿高分。

推薦閱讀：