聽完這10首歌，你可能就會理解民謠歌手鮑勃·迪倫憑什麼可以拿諾獎
2016年諾貝爾文學獎昨晚揭曉，美國唱作人、民謠歌手、詩人鮑勃·迪倫（Bob Dylan）獲此殊榮，他也是首位獲此殊榮的音樂人。
來自BBC的報道：
US singer Bob Dylan has been awarded the 2016 Nobel Prize for Literature, becoming the first songwriter to win the prestigious award.
美國歌手鮑勃·迪倫獲得2016諾貝爾文學獎，成為首個獲此殊榮的歌曲作家。
想不想看看官方公告，雙語君帶你先睹為快。（貼心如我）
獲獎理由：
For having created new poetic expressions within the great American song tradition.
在偉大的美國歌曲傳統中創造了新的詩意表達。
不同於以往的文學獎得主，鮑勃·迪倫被人熟知的身份是歌手，獲獎的作品是他創作的歌詞，因此勢必會引發不少的爭議和討論。
對此瑞典科學院常任幹事（the permanent secretary of the Swedish Academy）Sara Danius表示，
Of course he deserves it – he』s got it. He』s a great poet – a great poet in the English-speaking tradition. For 54 years he』s been at it, reinventing himself constantly, creating a new identity.
他實至名歸，他得獎了。他是個偉大的詩人，英語傳統中的偉大詩人。54年來他致力於此，不斷重塑自我，創造出一個新的身份。
The choice of Dylan may appear surprising, but if you look far back, 2,500 years or so, you discover Homer and Sappho and they wrote poetic texts which were meant to be performed, often with instruments-- it』s the same way for Bob Dylan. We still read Homer and Sappho, and we enjoy it. We can and should read him.
選擇迪倫看起來可能令人驚訝，但如果你回顧歷史，大約2500年前，你會發現荷馬和薩福的詩歌就是為了表演，有樂器伴奏——這和鮑勃·迪倫是相同的方式。我們仍然在讀荷馬和薩福，很享受。因此，我們也可以也應該去讀迪倫。
除了這次的諾貝爾文學獎，迪倫還曾獲格萊美終身成就獎、奧斯卡最佳原創歌曲獎、金球獎最佳原創歌曲獎、普利策獎特別榮譽獎，這位75歲的藝術家可謂收穫了「藝術界的大滿貫」。
大家都知道，諾貝爾獎通常是不按常理出牌的，官網還做了個小調查，看看有
多少人聽過或者讀過迪倫的歌詞。
從調查結果來看，超過70%的網友聽過或讀過迪倫的作品。
也難過網友感嘆，「鮑勃·迪倫可能是最為大家所熟知的獲獎人了。」
CNN另闢蹊徑，重點關注了一下網友的反應。
Twitter users seem divided over whether the US singer-songwriter deserved award.
在美國歌手、作詞家到底配不配得上該獎項的問題上，推特用戶分為了兩派。
Some express excitement, while others argue Bob Dylan not part of usual literary canon.
一些人覺得特別激動，另一些人則表示鮑勃·迪倫並不屬於文學經典的範疇。
來看看大家都是怎麼說得。
起鬨架秧子型
我爸爸粉了鮑勃·迪倫50多年，但連他都覺得有點搞笑。
20年內「鮑勃·迪倫和溫斯頓·丘吉爾有什麼共同點？」將成為考試題。
千禧年一代都在搜誰是鮑勃·迪倫。
鼓掌叫好型
鄉親們：作詞也是寫作，鮑勃·迪倫是過去100年間最有影響力的作家之一，這獎頒得沒毛病。
作為流行文化教授，我不得不握拳高呼「噢耶」！迪倫獲得了諾貝爾文學獎了！
一個時代的傳奇
如果你對鮑勃·迪倫的認識還停留在Blowin" in the wind，是時候了解下這位偉大的民謠歌手了。
在很多人心中，鮑勃·迪倫是一個傳奇的存在，被賦予的標籤很多：20世紀美國最偉大的文化符號、民謠搖滾教父、音樂界傳奇。
他一生寫作了900多頁歌詞，其文學性可媲美詩人。
有關他的英文圖書已經出版了1000多本，且新書層出不窮。2004年，迪倫的回憶錄《像一塊滾石》（Chronicles：Volume One）被評為《紐約時報》年度十佳圖書之一，那年底，他被提名諾貝爾文學獎。
在學術界，迪倫的歌詞和吟唱方式產生的所謂「迪倫學」（Dylanology），在歐美大學的文學系成為教材。
鮑勃·迪倫是上世紀60年代第一個有意識地用音樂關注社會問題的歌手。然而，在被推崇為「一代人的聲音」後，迪倫又在1964年表示：「我並不屬於這場運動，從現在開始，我不再是一個為人們寫歌的廣播者，而要為自己的內心寫歌。」
他開始和政治事件保持距離，轉向更為本質的東西，發掘人性的真諦或是探討社會的本質，認為自己是一個詩人而非政治「氣象預報員」。
鮑勃·迪倫最偉大的10首歌
2011年迪倫70歲生日之際，《滾石》雜誌選出了他最偉大的10首歌作為致敬，聽完你或許就明白了什麼叫「在偉大的美國歌曲傳統中創造了新的詩意表達」，一起來欣賞下，
- 10 -
Every Grain Of Sand
《每一粒微沙》
Equal parts Blakean mysticism and biblical resonance, the song abandons the self-righteousness that plagued Dylan"s religious work to offer a desperate prayer for salvation.
這首歌兼具布萊克式的神秘主義與聖經的共鳴，它摒棄了迪倫之前宗教色彩作品中自以為是，放下一切，祈禱救贖。
"Every Grain of Sand" taps into a moving humility.
《每一粒微沙》歌唱了動人的人性。
這也是喬布斯最喜歡的一首迪倫歌曲，波諾在喬布斯的葬禮上演唱了這首歌。
歌詞中感傷地寫道：
Sometimes i turn, there"s someone there, other times it"s only me.
有時我轉身，空無一人；而那除此之外的時光，也只是我孤身一人
I am hanging in the balance of the reality of man
我懸在人類現實的天枰上
Like every sparrow falling, like every grain of sand.
像每一隻墜落的麻雀，像每一粒微沙。
- 9 -
Visions of Johanna
《喬安娜的幻象》
"Visions of Johanna" is a tour de force, a breakthrough not only for the writer but for the very possibilities of songwriting.
《喬安娜的幻象》這首歌是絕妙的，它不僅僅是作者的一種突破，同時也是歌曲寫作在可能性上的突破。
"It"s extraordinary," Bono once said. "He writes this whole song seemingly about this one girl, with these remarkable descriptions of her, but this isn"t the girl who"s on his mind! It"s somebody else!"
「這首歌太棒了」，Bono曾說，「他的這首歌，對Johanna這個姑娘做了非常美妙的描述，這讓這首歌看起來像是在講述她的故事，但實際上，Dylan心裡想的根本不是她！他心裡想的是別人！」
The five long verses zigzag between Dylan"s acute dissection of one woman, the tangible and available Louise, and his longing for an absent ideal.
五段長的歌詞中包括了迪倫對一個女人和Louise的敏銳分析，以及他對一個根本不存在的完美人物的渴望。
The fiddler, he now steps to the road
提琴手緩步走到路上
He writes ev"rything"s been returned which was owed
在滿載魚的卡車車尾
On the back of the fish truck that loads
他寫道：「欠下的一切俱已償還。」
While my conscience explodes
此時，我的良知爆裂
The harmonicas play the skeleton keys and the rain
口琴吹奏骷髏和雨水之音階
And these visions of Johanna are now all that remain
而喬安娜的幻像是僅剩的殘存
- 8 -
Mr. Tambourine Man
《鈴鼓先生》
"Mr. Tambourine Man" was the first time anyone put really good poetry on the radio. The Beatles hadn"t gotten to "Eleanor Rigby" or "A Day in the Life" — they were still writing "Ooh, baby." But Bob"s lyrics were exquisite.
《鈴鼓先生》可以說是第一首將詩歌與音樂結合在一起的歌。當Beatle還在寫「哦寶貝」這類詞，離《Eleanor Rigby》和《生命中的一天》還有很長一段路，迪倫的歌詞就已經很細膩了。
He was finding himself as a poet. He was learning to be beautiful.
他把自己當作詩人，他在學習如何優美地寫作。
《鈴鼓先生》是迪倫作詞生涯的第一座真正高峰，抽離音樂，它就是一首非常棒的詩。
And but for the sky there are no fences facin".
若非為了藍天，也不會有圍牆阻擋
And if you hear vague traces of skippin" reels of rhyme
要是你還聽見模糊的印跡，韻腳跳躍旋轉
To your tambourine in time, it"s just a ragged clown behind,
與你的鈴鼓唱和的，那只是跟在身後，一個衣衫襤褸的小丑
…
Yes, to dance beneath the diamond sky with one hand waving free,
是的，在鑽石的天空下起舞，一隻手自由的揮舞
Silhouetted by the sea, circled by the circus sands,
側影反襯著海水，四周是圓場的黃沙
With all memory and fate driven deep beneath the waves,
帶著一切記憶與命運，一齊潛入翻湧的波濤之下
- 7 -
It"s Alright, Ma (I"m Only Bleeding)
《沒事兒，媽（我只是在流血）》
It"s always been a tricky song for Dylan to sing — a snapshot of a particular moment in his artistic development, a jewel that he"s lucky enough to own rather than a machine whose working he understands from having built it.
這首歌對Dylan來說，意味頗為微妙，它能反映出Dylan在藝術發展的一個特別階段的狀態，也是他能夠有幸擁有的一份珍寶，而非僅僅是一台他才能理解的機器。
Instead of pointing fingers at a particular flaw of culture, the song tears down the entire decrepit thing, declaring that all is vanity and hypocrisy and phony propaganda.
這首歌並沒有對當今文化上的某種特定瑕疵指指點點，而是整個撕碎了這些陳舊的東西，宣告著它們都是虛榮、虛偽和虛假的宣傳。
As some warn victory, some downfall
有人通報勝利的消息，有人倒下
Private reasons great or small
一個人的願望偉大或渺小
Can be seen in the eyes of those that call
都可以從那呼喊聲中看得清楚
To make all that should be killed to crawl
讓那些本該被殺死的人爬在地上
While others say don"t hate nothing at all, except hatred
同時，人們卻在說，不要怨恨任何東西，除了怨恨本身
- 6 -
I Shall Be Released
《終將放下》
"In "68 [Dylan told] . . . me how he was writing shorter lines, with every line meaning something," Allen Ginsberg once said. "And from that time came some of the stuff ... like "I Shall Be Released".... There was to be no wastedlanguage, no wasted breath."
「大概在68年的時候，迪倫告訴我，他是如何創作一些短篇歌曲的，要每一行歌詞都有具體的含義，」艾倫·金斯伯格曾說過，「就在那段時期他寫了一些歌，比如《終將放下》，這首歌里沒有一個無用的詞，甚至每一次斷句的呼吸都是有含義的。」
David Crosby sang that chorus to himself — "Any day now, any day now/I shall be released" — in his Texas prison cell. "I wrote it on the wall," he recalls. "It took me hours. But I did it. And I remember taking heart from it."
音樂人大衛-克羅斯比在德克薩斯監獄坐牢時經常會唱起這首歌副歌部分那句「Any day now, any day now/I shall be released」。「我把這首歌的詞寫在牆上，」他回憶說，「我花了很長時間，但我做了。我記得當時真正從心底被這首歌打動。」
迪倫在這首歌中談如何放下，獲得解脫：
They say every man needs protection
總有人告訴我他們要停留找尋歸宿
They say every man must fall
總有人告訴我他們終日奔波
Yet I swear I see my reflection
此刻，我突然發現自己的身影
Some place so high above this wall
停留在圍牆映襯下的蒼穹
…
Standing next to me in this lonely crowd
最後，我獨自停留在喧囂的人群之中
Is a man who swears he"s not to blame
我的心終於寬恕了我自己
All day long I hear him shout so loud
卻有一個聲音始終在我耳邊呼喊
Crying out that he was framed
細語每一個痛楚
- 5 -
All Along the Watchtower
《沿著瞭望塔》
You could say that jokes and theft are the twin poles of Dylan"s art, and this 12-line masterpiece about a joker (who believes he"s being robbed) and a thief (who thinks everything"s a joke) penetrates straight to the core of his work.
你可以說玩笑與偷竊是迪倫藝術的雙生兒，而這首一共有12行歌詞的傑作講述的正是一個愛講笑話的人(他相信自己正在被人搶奪)和一個小偷(他認為一切都是笑話)的故事，這恰好滲透到了迪倫作品的核心當中。
"Watchtower" is among Dylan"s most haunting tunes. But as soon as the joker and the thief get their opening statements, the song ends with an ominous image — two riders approaching — leaving listeners to fill in the blanks.
這首「瞭望塔」是迪倫最令人難以忘懷的旋律，當講笑話的人和小偷在交談的時候，整首歌以一種不祥的場景結束，兩個騎馬的人在靠近。留給聽眾無限的遐想。
There are many here among us
我們中間有許多人
who feel that life is but a joke
覺得生活只是一個玩笑
But you and I, we"ve been through that,
但是你和我，我們是過來人
and this is not our fate
這不是我們的宿命
So let us not talk falsely now,
所有讓我們別謬談了
the hour is getting late
時間已然向晚
All along the watchtower,
沿著瞭望塔方向
princes kept the view
王子們望著遠方
While all the women came and went,
女人們來來往往
barefoot servants, too
僕人們打著赤腳
Outside in the distance a wildcat did growl
向外更遠之處 一隻野貓在咆哮
Two riders were approaching, the wind began to howl
兩個騎士正在逼近 而風開始呼嘯
- 4 -
Just Like a Woman
《就像個女人》
Dylan"s finest ballad is not a love song. "Just Like a Woman" is a complex portrait of adoration and disappointment, written as vengeance but sung as regret.
迪倫最優秀的抒情歌曲並不是一首情歌，《Just Like a Woman》描述了一種喜歡與失望相結合的複雜情感，創作時或許心存報復，但唱出來的時候卻帶有幾分懊悔。
The song is more about his own turbulent lessons in romance — the giving, taking and leaving.
這首歌在另一方面更像是迪倫自己在感情方面上的一堂必修課——付出，索取，離開。
Is this pain in here
這兒的傷痛不會癒合
I can"t stay in here
我也無法待在這裡
Ain"t it clear that?br><br>I just can"t fit
這還不夠明白嗎？我只是無法適應
Yes, i believe it"s time for us to quit
是的 我相信我們是時候放棄彼此了
When we meet again
當我們再次相遇
Introduced as friends
向朋友一樣互做自我介紹
Please don"t let on that you knew me when
請別裝作你認識我
- 3 -
Tangled Up in Blue
《愁腸難解》
"[This song] took me 10 years to live, and two years to write," Dylan often said before playing "Tangled Up in Blue" in concert.
「我用了十年的生活經驗和兩年時間來創作這首歌，」迪倫在現場演唱這首《Tangled Up in Blue》之前經常這麼說。
His marriage was crumbling in 1974 as he wrote what would become the opener on Blood on the Tracks and his most personal examination of hurt and nostalgia. Dylan"s lyrical shifts in perspective, between confession and critique, and hisacute references to the Sixties experience evoked a decade of both utopian and broken promise.
1974年，迪倫婚姻破裂，他將這段時間的個人經歷寫成了這首《Blood On The Tracks》的開場曲，這首歌是迪倫對傷害與懷舊最個人化的審視。迪倫的歌詞非常透徹，態度介於認錯與批評之間，而他非常尖銳的在其中提到了上世紀六十年代，那個時期喚起了他對烏托邦與一些破碎的承諾的記憶。
無論你是什麼身份，感情之事是世界的基本原理，迪倫最後總結道。
All the people we used to know
我們過去認識的所有人啊
They""re an illusion to me now.
現在他們對我而言就像一場幻夢
Some are mathematicians
一部分是數學家
Some are carpenter""s wives.
一部分是木匠的妻子
Don""t know how it all got started,
並不知曉一切是如何開始的
I don""t know what they""re doin"" with their lives.
也不知道他們一生是如何過來的
But me, I""m still on the road
但是我 我仍然在路上
Headin"" for another joint
向下一個落腳點出發
We always did feel the same,
我們總是感到生活如此相似
We just saw it from a different point of view,
我們只是換了個角度看待生活
Tangled up in blue.
內心一陣憂鬱糾結
- 2 -
A Hard Rain"s A-Gonna Fall
《大雨將至》
The greatest protest song by the greatest protest songwriter of his time: a seven-minute epic that warns against a coming apocalypse while cataloging horrific visions — gun-toting children, a tree dripping blood — with the wide-eyedfervor of John the Revelator.
這是迪倫最偉大的抗議歌曲，一首七分鐘長的史詩，描述了一幅幅可怕的畫面——拿槍的兒童、滴血的樹，啟示者約翰睜大眼睛注視著這一切，告誡人們天啟即將到來。
"Every line in it is actually the start of a whole song," Dylan said at that time. "But when I wrote it, I thought I wouldn"t have enough time alive to write all those songs, so I put all I could into this one."
迪倫說，「這首歌的每句歌詞都可以是另一首歌的開篇。寫這首歌時，我覺得自己時日不多了，於是就把所有想寫的內容都放到這首歌中。」
迪倫說，他的藝術使命是：
to sing out against darkness wherever he sees it — to tell it and think it and speak it and breathe it until his lungs burst.
唱出所有見到的黑暗——講述它、思考它、說出它、呼吸它，直到他的肺撕裂為止。
Oh, what"ll you do now, my blue-eyed son?
現在你將做什麼，我藍眼睛的孩子？
Oh, what"ll you do now, my darling young one?
我親愛的孩子，現在你將做什麼？
I"m a-goin" back out "fore the rain starts a-fallin",
在大雨之前我要走出去
I"ll walk to the depths of the deepest black forest,
走到那黑森林的最深處
Where the people are many and their hands are all empty,
那裡人民眾多但兩手空空
Where the pellets of poison are flooding their waters,
那裡毒藥污染了水源
Where the home in the valley meets the damp dirty prison,
那裡山谷中的家園瀰漫了潮濕的毒氣
Where the executioner"s face is always well hidden,
那裡劊子手的臉永遠被遮著
Where hunger is ugly, where souls are forgotten,
那裡飢餓是醜陋的，那裡靈魂被遺忘
Where black is the color, where none is the number,
那裡黑是唯一的顏色，那裡零是唯一的數字
And I"ll tell it and speak it and think it and breathe it,
而我將要把它講出來、大聲地喊出來
And reflect it from the mountain so all souls can see it,
我要從高山上呼喊讓所有的靈魂都能聽到
- 1 -
Like a Rolling Stone
《像一塊滾石》
"Like a Rolling Stone" is the birth of an iconoclast that will give the rock era its greatest voice and vandal. This is Bob Dylan as the Jeremiah of the heart, torching romantic verse and "the girl" with a firestorm of unforgivingwords.
從《像一塊滾石》開始，一個偶像破壞者誕生了，他將賦予搖滾時代最偉大的聲音和破壞力。這才是真正的迪倫——一位先知，他用無情地拷問了浪漫的詩句和歌中的那名女孩。
Having railed against the hypocrisies of the body politic, he now starts to pick on enemies that are a little more familiar: the scene, high society, the "pretty people" who think they"ve "got it made."
他批判過政治體的虛偽，現在他開始批判人們更熟悉的東西：一個場景、上流社會、以為自己能成功的「漂亮人士」。
He bares his teeth at the hipsters, the vanity of that time, the idea that you had a better value system if you were wearing the right pair of boots.
他痛斥了時髦人群、時代的浮華和富人的優越感——穿了一雙好靴子就以為自己的價值觀比別人更正確。
迪倫在歌詞中展現了他辛辣的諷刺：
Oh, you never turned around to see the frowns
你從來沒有轉過頭去看看那些小丑們
On the jumpers and the clowns when they did their tricks for you
當他們來逗你玩兒的時候
You never understood that it ain"t no good
你從沒意識到，這背後有什麼問題
You used to ride on your chrome horse with your diplomat
你曾跨在鍍得鋥亮的摩托上，和你的情聖一起
Who carried on his shoulder a siamese cat
那傢伙，肩膀上還卧著一隻暹羅貓
Ain"t it hard when you discovered that
你還不明白嗎？
He really wasn"t where it"s at
他已經心不在焉了
After he took from you everything he could steal
當他把你身上能偷的都偷光了的時候
How does it feel, how does it feel?
你覺得怎麼樣？你覺得怎麼樣？
To be on your own, without a home
孤身一人的滋味，沒了家的方向
Like a complete unknown, like a rolling stone
也無人問津，像個流浪漢
現場視頻↓↓↓
最後，小編再附贈一首迪倫的Forever Young，祝大家永遠年輕，永遠熱淚盈眶。
May God bless and keep you always,
願上帝的庇護與你同在
May your wishes all come true,
願你能夠夢想成真
May you always do for others
願你為永遠幫助別人
And let others do for you.
也接受別人的恩惠
May you build a ladder to the stars
願你可以造一把採摘繁星的雲梯
And climb on every rung,
然後摘下屬於你的那顆
May you stay forever young,
願你永遠年輕
Forever young, forever young,
永遠年輕，永遠年輕
May you stay forever young.
願你永遠年輕
May you grow up to be righteous,
願你長大後正直無私
May you grow up to be true,
願你懂事時真實善良
May you always know the truth
願你永遠了解真理的方向
And see the lights surrounding you.
所到之處都有高燈明照
May you always be courageous,
願你永遠勇敢無畏
Stand upright and be strong,
堅韌不拔，意志堅強
May you stay forever young,
願你永遠年輕
Forever young, forever young,
永遠年輕，永遠年輕
May you stay forever young.
願你永遠年輕
May your hands always be busy,
願你總是忙碌充實
May your feet always be swift,
願你的腳步永遠輕盈敏捷
May you have a strong foundation
願你有一個堅強的信念，屹立不倒
When the winds of changes shift.
當暴風驟雨來臨時
May your heart always be joyful,
願你的心總是充滿快樂
May your song always be sung,
願你的歌曲能夠永遠被人傳唱
May you stay forever young,
願你永遠年輕
Forever young, forever young,
永遠年輕，永遠年輕
May you stay forever young.
願你永遠年輕
編輯：祝興媛 唐曉敏
實習編輯：洪澤華
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