太喜歡了！阿黛爾及催淚名曲——Someone like you（附歌詞視頻）

為什麼阿黛爾的「Someone like you」能讓人潸然淚下？科學家們找到了答案。在本周日晚上，這位來自英國的創作歌手有望橫掃格萊美的各項大獎。在她的6項提名中（已全部斬獲）有一半來自她的超級熱單——Rolling in the deep。但是她的抒情單曲「Someone like you」最近幾乎成為一首具有標誌性意義的歌曲，大部分原因歸結於這首歌擁有的神秘力量——讓聽眾潸然淚下並打起寒戰。這首催淚彈歌曲太出名以致在「周六夜現場」（美國一綜藝節目）最近的一出滑稽短劇中上演了一群演員和著這首曲子一起痛痛快快地哭了一場。什麼才能解釋阿黛爾這首歌的神奇魔力？雖然個人經歷以及文化背景會影響個體的不同反應，但研究者已經發現音樂的一些特徵確實能夠引起聽眾強烈的情緒反應。發自內心的歌詞配合著動人心魄的聲音，這樣的組合足以使大腦產生的信號對抗任何的愉悅感。20年前，英國的心理學家約翰?斯洛博達進行了一次簡單的實驗。他讓一群音樂愛好者指出哪些歌曲篇章確實能夠引起一些諸如流淚或起雞皮疙瘩等生理反應。參與者們選出了20首催淚篇章，隨後斯洛博達博士分析了它們的特徵，一個共同的趨勢浮出水面：這其中的18首都包含一種「音樂裝置」——倚音。倚音是一種裝飾音符，它與主旋律不相調和，恰到好處地在歌曲中製造一種不和諧的聲音。來自不列顛哥倫比亞大學的心理學家，也是07年這次實驗的參加學者馬丁?古亨解釋道：「就是倚音引起了聽眾緊張的感覺，當音符回歸到預期的旋律時，這種緊張感便煙消雲散從而讓人頓感愜意。」聽眾打寒戰的反應通常在這個時候減弱。但當幾個倚音同時出現在一段旋律時，可能會引起緊張和舒緩的循環反應。這種情況下能夠激起更為強烈的反應——這便是淚如雨下的時了。古亨博士繼續解釋說，在這首阿黛爾與丹?威爾遜合寫的「Someone like you」中，零星地點綴著一些與倚音類似的裝飾音符。除此之外，在歌中的合唱部分，阿黛爾在伴奏進入下一段和聲之前稍微調整了一下在長音符結尾部分的的高音，從而營造了一種讓聽眾置身迷你過山車般一會兒緊張一會放鬆的感覺里。

為了進一步了解這種催淚彈歌曲的「配方」，幾年前古亨博士與他的同事馬塞爾·任泰勒找來了一些音樂的節選片段——比如門德爾松的「鋼琴三重奏」以及塞繆爾·巴伯的「弦樂軟板」。這些曲子確實能讓聽眾聽後打起寒戰，而後研究者們就著手測量他們的生理反應，如心率，出汗及出雞皮疙瘩的情況。研究者發現那些引發寒戰的樂章至少存在四點共同點。它們柔和開場而後突轉為激烈高亢，而且都包含一個突兀插入的「新聲音」——不是一種新的樂器就是一段和聲。並且它們都在演奏頻率中擴展。比如一段來自莫扎特A大調第二十三鋼琴協奏曲(K.488)的片段中，小提琴的音高了八度來附和主旋律。最終，所有篇章都包含了在主旋律及和聲中讓人意想不到的變化。音樂是最易刺痛人脊柱的藝術形式，簡言之，音樂包含了在音量、音色及和聲形式上的種種驚喜。「Someone like you」是一首教科書般的催淚榜樣。古亨博士說道：「這首歌以一種溫和而重複的形式開始。」阿黛爾將音符的頻率控制在一個狹小的範圍內。歌詞中充滿渴望卻克制的情感：「我聽說你已經安定下來了，還找了個女孩喜結連理」這些通通建立起一種感傷而憂鬱的情境。當和聲進入時，阿黛爾的聲音高了八度，而且她用漸大的音量引吭高歌。當和聲變化時，這時的歌詞變得更加富有戲劇性：「有時愛很綿長，但有時愛卻讓人卻遍體鱗傷。」當這首歌在原來的形式下戛然而止時，我們的交感神經系統處於高度警覺狀態；我們心跳加快，開始冒汗。根據所處的環境，我們將這種覺醒的狀態理解為消極的或積極的，快樂的或感傷的。「Someone like you」對聽眾造成如此強烈的悲傷感，卻為何依然紅得發紫？去年，來自加拿大麥吉爾大學的羅伯特·扎托和他的神經系統科學家團隊的報告稱，讓人情感上產生緊張感的音樂能在人大腦內產生愉悅感及心理獎勵的中心區域釋放出多巴胺（一種能影響人情緒的物質），其產生的效果類似於食物、性愛及毒品給人帶來的感覺。多巴胺讓人感覺良好，並且會促使我們重複引發這種感覺的行為。扎托博士的團隊通過觀測聽眾們的反應發現，即使所聽的音樂極其悲傷，聽眾雞皮疙瘩出現的數量與體內釋放的多巴胺都有相對應的關係。這個結果表明無論一首歌是悲是喜，它能激起的情感越多，我們就對它越著迷。阿黛爾與威爾遜憑藉「Someone like you」不僅成功地製造了一顆音樂催淚彈而且偶然發現了一個音樂商業成功的法則：用一些小小的驚喜諸如沙啞的嗓音和動人心魄的歌詞可以賺得人們的眼淚與寒戰，然後守株待兔等多巴胺讓人們成為「回頭客」。視頻：阿黛爾皇家艾伯特大廳演唱會高清 someone like youhttp://my.tv.sohu.com/u/vw/16155287Someone like you （中英文歌詞）你愛這個歌嗎？這首歌描寫的是女主角的男朋友劈腿，愛上了別的女孩，他們結婚雖然沒有請主人公，但是主人公希望可以見到她心愛的人最後一面，儘管她不喜歡不請自來，這首歌描述了那種分手後的感情，非常的真摯，特別是高潮部分，沒關係，我會找到另外一個像你的他，但是我祈求你不要忘記我......當然這首歌寫的是Adele的親身經歷哦~I heard that you"ve settled down,我聽說你已心有所屬That you found a girl and you"re married now,你找到了一個合適的女孩並和她結了婚I heard that your dreams came true,我聽說你已夢想成真Guess she gave you things I didn"t give to you,我猜，她給了你我所未能給予的Old friend, why are you so shy?老朋友，你害什麼羞呢Ain"t like you to hold back or hide from the light,不像你啊，遮遮掩掩的I hate to turn up out of the blue uninvited,我恨她代替了原本屬於我的位置But I couldn"t stay away, I couldn"t fight it,但是我沒辦法離開，我無法釋懷I had hoped you"d see my face,我曾多麼希望你再看看我And that you"d be reminded that for me it isn"t over,並提醒你，對我來說，一切都還未結束Never mind, I"ll find someone like you,無所謂，我會找到一個人像你一樣I wish nothing but the best for you, too,我別無所求，只希望你能過得好Don"t forget me, I beg,求求你，不要忘記我I remember you said,我記得你說過"Sometimes it lasts in love,有時愛情可以很永久But sometimes it hurts instead,"但有時也會如此傷人Sometimes it lasts in love,有時愛情可以很永久But sometimes it hurts instead, yeah,但有時也會如此傷人是啊You know how the time flies,你知道時光飛逝Only yesterday was the time of our lives,彷彿我們還在一起We were born and raised in a summer haze,我的愛在夏日的煙霧中萌芽Bound by the surprise of our glory days,充滿著驚喜和喜悅I hate to turn up out of the blue uninvited,我恨她代替了原本屬於我的位置But I couldn"t stay away, I couldn"t fight it,但是我沒辦法離開，我無法釋懷I had hoped you"d see my face,我曾多麼希望你再看看我And that you"d be reminded that for me it isn"t over,並提醒你，對我來說，一切都還未結束Never mind, I"ll find someone like you,無所謂，我會找到一個人像你一樣I wish nothing but the best for you, too,我別無所求，只希望你能過得好Don"t forget me, I beg,求求你，不要忘記我I remember you said,我記得你說過"Sometimes it lasts in love,有時愛情可以很永久But sometimes it hurts instead,"但有時也會如此傷人Nothing compares,沒什麼可與它相比No worries or cares,不必擔心不必牽掛Regrets and mistakes, they"re memories made,我們曾經的愛情里充滿了遺憾和誤解Who would have known how bitter sweet this would taste?又有誰能體會著中間的苦與甜？Never mind, I"ll find someone like you,無所謂，我會找到一個人像你一樣I wish nothing but the best for you, too,我別無所求，只希望你能過得好Don"t forget me, I beg,求求你，不要忘記我I remember you said,我記得你說過"Sometimes it lasts in love,有時愛情可以很永久But sometimes it hurts instead,"但有時也會如此傷人Never mind, I"ll find someone like you,無所謂，我會找到一個人像你一樣I wish nothing but the best for you, too,我別無所求，只希望你能過得好Don"t forget me, I beg,求求你，不要忘記我I remember you said,我記得你說過"Sometimes it lasts in love,有時愛情可以很永久But sometimes it hurts instead,"但有時也會如此傷人"Sometimes it lasts in love,有時愛情可以很永久But sometimes it hurts instead,"但有時也會如此傷人

Anatomy of a Tear-JerkerWhy does Adele"s "Someone Like You" make everyone cry? Science has found the formulaOn Sunday night, the British singer-songwriter Adele is expected to sweep the Grammys. Three of her six nominations are for her rollicking hit "Rolling in the Deep." But it"s her ballad "Someone Like You" that has risen to near-iconic status recently, due in large part to its uncanny power to elicit tears and chills from listeners. The song is so famously sob-inducing that "Saturday Night Live" recently ran a skit in which a group of co-workers play the tune so they can all have a good cry together.

Adele, the Grammy-winning singer-songwriter performed "Someone Like You" from her latest album "21" at WSJ CafeWhat explains the magic of Adele"s song? Though personal experience and culture play into individual reactions, researchers have found that certain features of music are consistently associated with producing strong emotions in listeners. Combined with heartfelt lyrics and a powerhouse voice, these structures can send reward signals to our brains that rival any other pleasure.Twenty years ago, the British psychologist John Sloboda conducted a simple experiment. He asked music lovers to identify passages of songs that reliably set off a physical reaction, such as tears or goose bumps. Participants identified 20 tear-triggering passages, and when Dr. Sloboda analyzed their properties, a trend emerged: 18 contained a musical device called an "appoggiatura."An appoggiatura is a type of ornamental note that clashes with the melody just enough to create a dissonant sound. "This generates tension in the listener," said Martin Guhn, a psychologist at the University of British Columbia who co-wrote a 2007 study on the subject. "When the notes return to the anticipated melody, the tension resolves, and it feels good."Chills often descend on listeners at these moments of resolution. When several appoggiaturas occur next to each other in a melody, it generates a cycle of tension and release. This provokes an even stronger reaction, and that is when the tears start to flow.Chill-provoking passages, they found, shared at least four features. They began softly and then suddenly became loud. They included an abrupt entrance of a new "voice," either a new instrument or harmony. And they often involved an expansion of the frequencies played. In one passage from Mozart"s Piano Concerto No. 23 (K. 488), for instance, the violins jump up one octave to echo the melody. Finally, all the passages contained unexpected deviations in the melody or the harmony. Music is most likely to tingle the spine, in short, when it includes surprises in volume, timbre and harmonic pattern."Someone Like You" is a textbook example. "The song begins with a soft, repetitive pattern," said Dr. Guhn, while Adele keeps the notes within a narrow frequency range. The lyrics are wistful but restrained: "I heard that you"re settled down, that you found a girl and you"re married now." This all sets up a sentimental and melancholy mood.When the chorus enters, Adele"s voice jumps up an octave, and she belts out notes with increasing volume. The harmony shifts, and the lyrics become more dramatic: "Sometimes it lasts in love, but sometimes it hurts instead."

Adele, the Grammy-winning singer-songwriter performed "Rolling In The Deep" from her latest album "21" at WSJ CafeWhen the music suddenly breaks from its expected pattern, our sympathetic nervous system goes on high alert; our hearts race and we start to sweat. Depending on the context, we interpret this state of arousal as positive or negative, happy or sad.If "Someone Like You" produces such intense sadness in listeners, why is it so popular? Last year, Robert Zatorre and his team of neuroscientists at McGill University reported that emotionally intense music releases dopamine in the pleasure and reward centers of the brain, similar to the effects of food, sex and drugs. This makes us feel good and motivates us to repeat the behavior.Measuring listeners" responses, Dr. Zatorre"s team found that the number of goose bumps observed correlated with the amount of dopamine released, even when the music was extremely sad. The results suggest that the more emotions a song provokes—whether depressing or uplifting—the more we crave the song.With "Someone Like You," Adele and Mr. Wilson not only crafted a perfect tear-jerker but also stumbled upon a formula for commercial success: Unleash the tears and chills with small surprises, a smoky voice and soulful lyrics, and then sit back and let the dopamine keep us coming back for more.—Ms. Doucleff is a scientific editor at the journal Cell.標題：Why Adele"s "Someone Like You" Makes Everyone Cry - WSJ.com來源：http://online.wsj.com推薦者：cstiger原文作者： By MICHAELEEN DOUCLEFF
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