諾貝爾文學獎得主：莫言簡介

來源：新浪外語 更新日期：2012-10-17 點擊： 38

諾貝爾文學獎得主：莫言簡介

Mo Yan, is a famous contemporary Chinese writer. In 2012, He became the country"s first Nobel Literature Prize laureate。

Born Guan Moye, the author writes under the pen name Mo Yan, which means "don"t speak" in Chinese。

Mo Yan was granted an honorary PhD of Arts by OUHK (Open University of Hong Kong) and was appointed guest professor at the Qingdao University of Technology. Relying on a series of country literary works, Mo"s claim to fame came in the 1980s when he established a reputation for being a so-called root-seeking writer. His works were strongly influenced by magical realism and told the tales of numerous legends which took place in Gaomi, Shandong Province. Mo is renowned for his unique perceptions of reality, imaginative descriptions, de-familiarization processing, mysticism and a pioneering style。

Biography

Mo Yan was born on February 17, 1955 in Gaomi, Shandong Province. He attended primary school in his hometown and actually was forced to drop out because of China"s Cultural Revolution. He was sent to the countryside where he had to perform manual labor for many years。

In 1976, Mo joined the PLA (China"s People"s Liberation Army) and held the posts of monitor, librarian, teacher and secretary。

In 1981, he started his writing career and published several early works such as "Dry River," "Autumn Stream" and "Folk Music."

In 1986, he graduated from the department of literature at the PLA Academy of Arts。

In 1991, he was granted a master"s degree in literature and art from the Lu Xun Literature Institute at Beijing Normal University。

In 1997, his full-length novel "Big Breasts and Wide Hips" won the Da Jia Literature Prize, a money prize of 100,000 Yuan. Mo then left the army and started to work for regional newspaper Procuratorial Daily. He also wrote TV scripts for the department of film and television。

In 2000, his novel "Family Stories of Red Sorghum" was on the list of the 100 best Chinese fictional works of the 20th century, as selected by Asia Week. The movie "Red Sorghum," directed by Zhang Yimou, was adapted from this novel and won the 38th Berlin Film Festival Golden Bear Award.

In 2001, "Sandalwood Penalty" was awarded with the prize of the "Best Literary Book for Readers," granted by Taiwan United Daily News. This novel also won the Ding Jun Double Year Prize for Literature in 2003.

Though missing out on the 2005 Mao Dun Literature Prize, Mo did win the second Mass Media Award for Chinese Literature for Outstanding Achievements for his novel "Forty-one Cannons." The Open University of Hong Kong later granted him an honorary PhD of Arts.

His first chapter book "Fatigue of Life and Death" got him the Fukuoka Asian Culture Award in 2006. According to the list of wealthiest Chinese writers published on December 15, 2006, Mo ranked twentieth, with his royalties amounting to 3.45 million Yuan. These facts and figures attracted wide public attention。

In July 2007, his collection of essays "Say It, Mo Yan", a representation of his spiritual journey, was published.

In 2008, "Fatigue of Life and Death" won first prize at the second Dream of the Red Chamber Awards.

In December 2009, Mo"s full-length novel "The Frog" was published. The book features Mo"s characteristically unique writing skills, containing four long letters and one drama. "The Frog" tells the story of a female country doctor who has been practicing gynecology for nearly 50 years. Set to the backdrop of China"s 1960s family planning policy, it represented the arduous and complicated course of controlling the Chinese population growth, creating an inspirational female protagonist and at the same time revealing the pain and difficulties of that age. On August 20, 2011, "the Frog" won the eighth Mao Dun Literature Prize。

Mo was appointed guest professor at the Qingdao University of Technology and was also selected to act as vice-chairman of the Chinese Writers" Association on November 2011.

The Nobel Prize in Literature for 2012 was awarded to Mo Yan, "who with hallucinatory realism merges folk tales, history and the contemporary," the Swedish Academy announced in Stockholm on Oct. 11, 2012.

The Language and Cultural Press under Ministry of Education decided to add one of Mo"s novella "A transparent carrot" in high school textbooks a couple of days after the annoucement for Mo"s winning as the literary laureate。

中國當代著名作家莫言獲得2012年諾貝爾文學獎，這是首次有中國人獲得這一獎項。

莫言原名管謨業，筆名「莫言」，意為「不要說話」。

莫言是香港公開大學榮譽文學博士，青島科技大學客座教授。他自1980年代中期以一系列鄉土作品崛起，被歸類為「尋根文學」作家。莫言的作品深受魔幻現實主義影響，寫的是發生在山東高密東北鄉的傳奇。莫言在他的小說中構造了獨特的主觀感覺世界、天馬行空般的敘述、陌生化的處理，塑造出神秘的對象世界，帶有明顯的「先鋒」色彩。

人物年表

莫言1955年2月17日生於山東高密，童年時在家鄉小學讀書，後因文革輟學，在農村勞動多年。

1976年，莫言加入中國人民解放軍，歷任班長、圖書管理員、教員、幹事等職。

1981年，莫言開始創作生涯，發表了《枯河》、《秋水》、《民間音樂》等早期作品。

1986年，莫言畢業於解放軍藝術學院文學系。

1991年，莫言畢業於北京師範大學魯迅文學院創作研究生班，並獲文藝學碩士學位。

1997年，莫言以長篇小說《豐乳肥臀》奪得「大家文學獎」，獲得高達十萬元人民幣的獎金。隨後，他脫離軍界，轉至地方報社《檢察日報》工作，並為報社的影視部撰寫連續劇劇本。

2000年，莫言的作品《紅高粱家族》獲《亞洲周刊》選為20世紀中文小說100強。這部小說改編的電影《紅高粱》由張藝謀導演，獲得了第三十八屆柏林國際電影節最佳故事片金熊獎。

2001年，莫言的作品《檀香刑》獲台灣聯合報讀書人年度文學類最佳書獎。該作品在2003年又獲得了第一屆鼎鈞雙年文學獎。

2004年，莫言的作品《四十一炮》獲第二屆華語文學傳媒大獎年度傑出成就獎。可惜的是，2005年莫言與茅盾文學獎失之交臂。隨後，他被香港公開大學授予榮譽文學博士學位。

2006年，莫言出版的第一部章回小說《生死疲勞》獲得福岡亞洲文化大獎。同年12月15日，第一屆中國作家富豪榜發布，莫言以十年345萬元的版稅收入，榮登作家富豪榜第20位，引發廣泛關注。

2007年7月，莫言出版散文集《說吧，莫言》。這套書全面展示了莫言的心路歷程。

2008年，莫言的作品《生死疲勞》獲第二屆紅樓夢獎首獎。

2009年12月，莫言出版長篇小說《蛙》。該作品的創作手法別具一格，由四封長信和一部話劇構成，通過講述從事婦產科工作50多年的鄉村女醫生姑姑的人生經歷，反映新中國近60年波瀾起伏的農村生育史，描述國家為了控制人口劇烈增長、實施計劃生育國策所走過的艱巨而複雜的歷史過程；通過刻畫鼓舞人心的女主角，表現一個時代的難和痛。2011年8月20日，《蛙》獲得第八屆茅盾文學獎。

2011年11月，莫言受聘請為青島科技大學客座教授。2011年11月24日下午，中國作家協會第八屆全國委員會第一次全體會議投票選出中國作協第八屆全委會副主席，莫言當選副主席。

2012年10月11日，瑞典皇家科學院諾貝爾獎評審委員會宣布，中國作家莫言獲得2012年諾貝爾文學獎。委員會表示，莫言「將魔幻現實主義與民間故事、歷史與當代社會融合在一起」。

莫言獲得諾貝爾文學獎後，教育部直屬的語文出版社決定將莫言作品《透明的紅蘿蔔》收錄在高中語文選修課程中。

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