人教新目標版八年級英語上冊各個單元的知識點，語法和片語

1、 Feel well/bad 2、 Wake up (somebody)—fall asleep 3、 As soon as 4、 Be busy doing/with something 5、 Stop doing/to do/somebody from doing 6、 Go down 7、 Have something to do 8、 Sleeping pills 9、 Be awake—be asleep 10、 Light music 11、 In the band 12、 Try something/doing something 13、 Try to do something 14、 A piece of music 15、 Again and again 16、 系動詞：be/sound look seem smell taste feel/get turn become 17、 Look nice on 18、 Be/keep quiet 19、 Instead of something/doing 20、 Make trouble 21、 enough+名詞/形容詞或副詞+enough 22、 Be thin/fat 23、 Nothing much wrong/nothing serious 24、 Look over 25、 At the weekend 26、 have been to+地點 27、 Land on 28、 Pull something out of/up from 29、 Keep something cool 30、 All by oneself=alone 31、 Perhaps=maybe 32、 No longer=no more=not any longer=not any more 33、 Get back/get something back 34、 Sooner or later 35、 Drop something 36、 Run after 37、 Run away 38、 Eat up 39、 On the bank 40、 A few--few 41、 A little--little 42、 A little=a bit 43、 Pass something to somebody=pass somebody something 44、 Help oneself to 45、 Hot food 46、 Seem to do/that 47、 Fast food 48、 Be popular with 49、 Enjoy/enjoy oneself 50、 Enjoy something/doing 51、 Have a taste/taste like 52、 In the city of 53、 Both of/both And B 54、 Either or/either of 55、 Neither nor/neither of 56、 Agree with/to 57、 With—with out 58、 Take away—home cooking 59、 Take a seat 60、 By the window 61、 Take one』s order 62、 Go/walk alone/up/down 63、 Go on 64、 Cross=go across 65、 Take the first crossing on the right=turn right at the first crossing 66、 At/in the corner 67、 Be sick/ill 68、 In hospital 69、 In the hospital 70、 Arrive at/in / get to / reach 71、 At the end of 72、 Feel like doing 73、 Look over 74、 Wake somebody up 75、 It takes somebody + time + to do 76、 Be wake—be strong 77、 Quite a long way 78、 Had better do/not do 79、 Be happy/sorry/sad to do 80、 Look around 81、 情態動詞:can/can』t/may/must/mustn』t/have to 82、 Be sure about/of/to do/that 83、 In time/on time 84、 Make one』s way to 85、 The sign of 86、 Just then/just now 87、 Make a noise 88、 Stand a line 89、 Wait for one』s turn 90、 Stop doing/to do 91、 Jump the queue 92、 At the head of 93、 Laugh at 94、 Make a mistake 95、 Throw something about 96、 In fact 97、 At midnight 98、 Ring the door bell 99、 Complain about 100、 Quarrel with somebody 101、 Agree with somebody\something 102、 Agree with something 103、 No longer (在句子中間) 104、 No more (在句子尾部) 105、 Not too bad 106、 Not at all 107、 在……時間之後 after (過去時)\in (現在時) 108、 Wake somebody up 109、 Stop somebody from doing 110、 Spend on something 111、 Spend in doing 112、 So +助+主(做相同的事情) 113、 So+主+助(同意前者的說法) 參考資料：http://www.aqlife.com/TopicOther.asp?t=5&BoardID=21&id=18967 1. Subject (主語) ＋ Verb (謂語) 這種句型中的動詞大多是不及物動詞，這些動詞常見的有：appear, apologize,arrive, come, die, disappear, exist, fall, happen, rise,等等。如： The students work very hard.學生們學習很努力。 She apologized to me again. 她再次向我道歉。 The accident happened yesterday evening.事故是昨天晚上發生的。 2. Subject (主語) ＋ Link. V(系動詞) ＋ Predicate(表語) 這種句型中的系動詞一般可分為下列兩類： (1)表示狀態的連繫動詞。這些詞有：be, look, seem, appear, smell, taste, sound, keep, remain, 等等。如： Several players lay flat on the playground.幾個隊員平躺在操場上。 We should remain modest and prudent any time.我們在任何時候都應該保持謙虛謹慎。 This kind of food tastes terrible.這種食物吃起來很糟糕。 The picture looks more beautiful at a certain distance.這幅畫在一定的距離看更漂亮一些。 (2)表示轉變或結果的系動詞。這些詞有：become, get, grow, turn, go, come, prove,等等。如： Spring comes. It is getting warmer and warmer.春天到了，天氣變得越來越暖和。 Don"t have the food. It has gone bad.不要吃那種食物，已經變質了。 The facts prove true.事實證明是正確的。 3. Subject(主語) ＋ Verb (謂語) ＋ Object (賓語) 這種句型中的動詞應為及物動詞或者可以後接賓語的動詞短語。同時，句子中有時含有與賓語有關的狀語。作賓語的成分常是：名詞、代詞、動詞不定式、動名詞或從句。如： You can put the books in your bag.你可以把書放在書包里。 Farmers in our area grow lots of vegetables.我們這裡的農民種很多種蔬菜。 She lost the chance to make her appearance on the stage.她失去了在舞台上露面的機會。 I prefer to make web pages.我更喜歡做網頁。 4. Subject(主語)＋Verb(謂語)＋ Indirect object(間接賓語)＋Direct object (直接賓語) 這種句型中作間接賓語的常常指「人」，直接賓語常常指「物」。如： Yesterday her father bought her a bicycle as a birthday present.昨天她父親給她買了一輛自行車作為生日禮物。 The old man is telling the children stories in the Long March.老人正在給孩子們講長征中的故事。 這種句型還可轉換為其他兩種句型：1)動詞 ＋ 賓語 ＋ for sb.； 2)動詞 ＋ 賓語＋to sb.。如： Please show me your picture. －Please show your picture to me. 請把你的畫給我看一下。 I"ll offer you a good chance as long as you dont lose heart. —I"ll offer a good chance for you as long as you don"t lose heart. 只要你不失去信心，我會給你提供機會的。 5. Subject(主語)＋Verb (動詞)＋Object (賓語)＋Complement(補語) 這種句型中的賓語＋ 補語可統稱為「複合賓語」。擔任補語的常常是名詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語、分詞、動詞不定式等。如： Keep the children quiet, please. 請讓孩子們安靜下來。 He painted the wall white. 他把牆漆成白色。 We found him an honest person.我們發現他是一個誠實的人。 His mother told him not to play on the street.他母親告訴他不要在街上玩。 注意：動詞have, make, let, see, hear, notice, feel, observe, watch等後面所接的動詞不定式作賓補時，不帶to。如： The boss made him do the work all day.老闆讓他整天做那項工作。 新目標英語八年級上筆記 Review of Unit 1－6 I. language goals （語言目標） 1. Talk about how often you do things 談論做事情的頻率。 2. Talk about your health. Make suggestions. 談論健康話題以及提出建議。 3. Talk about future plans. 談論未來的計劃/打算。 4. Talk about how to get to places. 談論到達某地的方式。 5. Learn to make invitations, say yes to invitations and say no to invitations and give reasons. 學會發出，接受和拒絕邀請並說出原因。 6. Learn to talk about personal traits and how to compare people. 學會談論個人品質以及如何比較人們。 II. Key Phrases （重點短語）： 1. how often 多長時間一次 2. junk food 垃圾食品 3. a lot of 許多 4. hardly ever 很少 5. start with 以…開始 6. try to do sth. 試著去做某事 7. look after 照料 8. be kind of unhealthy 有點不健康 9. once a day 一天一次 10. twice a month 一個月兩次 11. be good for 對…有好處 12. once in a while 偶爾 13. see a doctor / dentist 看病/看牙醫 14. get a cold / fever 感冒/發燒 15. have a stomachache 肚子疼 16. have a toothache 牙疼 17. have a sore throat 嗓子疼 18. lie down and rest 躺下休息 19. drink hot tea with honey 喝加蜂蜜的熱茶 20. be stressed out 緊張 21. listen to … 聽… 22. get tired 變的疲勞 23. keep healthy 保持健康 24. at the moment 此刻；目前 25. watch TV 看電視 26. play basketball 打籃球 27. babysit her sister 照看她的妹妹 28. visit my friend 拜訪我的朋友 29. relax at home 在家放鬆 30. sports camp 運動野營 31. something interesting 32. go hiking / camping / fishing / shopping / sightseeing 去徒步旅行/野營/釣魚/購物/觀光 33. go away 離開 34. get back to school 返回學校 35. stay for a week 呆一個星期 36. go bike riding 騎自行車兜風 37. takes walks 散步 38. rent videos 租錄像帶 39. sleep a lot 睡得多 40. think about 考慮 41. take the subway / bus / boat / plane 乘地鐵/公共車/小船/飛機 42. get to 到達 43. go by bus / plane / boat 乘公共車/飛機/小船 44. train / subway / bus station 火車/地鐵/公共車站 45. bus ride 乘公共車的旅行 46. ride a bike 騎自行車 47. bus stop 公共汽車站 48. on foot 步行 49. leave for 離開去… 50. school bus 學校班車 51. the early bus 早班車 52. be different from 與…不同 53. half past six 六點半 54. in North America 在北美洲 55. a quick breakfast 快捷的早餐 56. need to do 需要做… 57. more than 多於 58. play soccer 踢足球 59. baseball game 棒球比賽 60. school team 校隊 61. come over to 過來到… 62. the day after tomorrow 後天 63. be good at 擅長於… 64. two years ago 兩年前 65. be outgoing 外向的 66. all the time 一直 67. in some ways 在一些方面 68. look the same 看起來一樣 69. talk to everyone 與大家談話 70. make me laugh 使我笑 III. Key Sentence Structures 重要句型： Unit 1: 1. －What do you usually do on weekends? －I usually go to the movies. 2. －What does he sometimes do on weekends? －He sometimes surfs the Internet. 3. How often do you exercise? I exercise once a week. 4. How often does she eat vegetables? She eats vegetables three times a day. 5. Most of the students go to the beach every year. 6. It makes a big difference to my grades. 7. My eating habits are pretty good. Unit 2: 1. What』s the matter? What』s wrong? What』s the trouble? 2. I』m not feeling well. I have a cold / fever/ stomachache / sore throat. /I have a lot of headaches. 3. Maybe you should see the doctor / dentist. You should drink some hot tea with honey. 4. You shouldn』t eat anything for 24 hours. 5. Don』t get stressed out. It will make you sick. 6. I』m sorry to hear that you are not feeling well. Unit 3 1. －What is she doing for vacation? －She is babysitting her little sister. －That sounds nice / interesting. 2. －When are you going? －I』m going on Monday. 3. －Where are they going? －They are going to Tibet. 4. －Who is she going with? －She is going with her parents. 5. －How long is he staying. －He is staying for a week. 6. －How is the weather there? －I』m hoping the weather will be nice. 7. He is leaving for Hong Kong the first week in June. 8. Have a good time. Unit 4: 1. －How do you get to school? －I get to school by bus. 2. －How does he go to work? －He usually walks to school. 3. －How long does it take? －It takes about twenty minutes. 4. －How far is it from his home to school? －It』s three miles. 5. What do you think of the transportation in your town? Unit 5: 1. －Can you come to my party on Wednesday? －Sure, I』d love to. / I』m sorry, I have to have a piano lesson. 2. －Can she go to the movies on Saturday? －No, she can』t. She has to help her mom. 3. －Can you go to the concert on Monday? －When is it? －It』s at four o』clock on Friday. 4. Thanks a lot for the invitation. 5. I』m going to study for a test this evening. 6. What』s the date today? Unit 6 1. Pedro is funnier than Paul. 2. Tina is （a little）taller than Tara. 3. I am more athletic than my best friend. 4. My hair is longer than hers. 5. Liu Ying is not as good as her sister. 6. In some ways, we look the same. 7. For me, a good friend likes doing the same things as me. 8. I』m quieter than most of the kids in my class, and so is my friend. 9. Who do you think should get the job, Ruth or Rose? IV. Grammar語法： Unit 1: 1. 表頻率的辭彙和短語： always usually often never hardly ever sometimes seldom once a day twice a month three times a week every two weeks once in a while 2. 做事情的頻率（how often you do things）: －What do you usually do in the morning? －I usually read English books. Sometimes I walk in the garden. I hardly ever exercise. I eat vegetables twice a week, but I never eat junk food. 3. 如何提問頻率「多久一次」 －How often does he play tennis? －He plays tennis every day. －How often do you drink milk? －I drink milk once a day. －How often do they go to the movies? －Sometimes. Unit 2: 1. 詢問別人身體狀況： What』s wrong with you? What』s the matter with you? What』s the trouble? 2. 提出建議（give advice and make suggestions） －What』s wrong with you? －I have a headache. －You should go to bed and have a rest. You shouldn』t work late. －I have a fever. －You should drink a lot of water. You shouldn』t be stressed out. Unit 3： 一般將來時： 1. 現在進行時「be+動詞ing」可以用來表示一個在最近按計劃或安排要進行的動作。 －What are you doing for vacation? －I』m visiting Tibet. －Where are you going on May Day? －I』m going to the beach. －How many students are coming to out party tomorrow? －Fifty. 2. 「be going to +動詞原形」表示主觀打算去做某事，表示「人」打算，計劃，決定要去做的事。 They are going to travel in China. Look at the clouds! It is going to rain. －Are you going to be a teacher when you grow up? －Yes, I am. 3. 用「shall＋動詞原形」或「will＋動詞原形」表示一般將來時。 （shall只用於第一人稱） We shall go to the beach this Sunday. My brother will finish middle school in a year. These birds won』t fly to the south in winter. When will they begin the work? Unit 4： 談論如何到達某地，以及以何種方式到達某地。 －How do you get to the museum? －I get to the museum by subway. Sometimes I ride my bike to the museum. 注意區別： （1）take the bus = go by bus eg: I take the bus to get to school. = I get to school by bus. take the train = go by train eg: He takes the train to go to school. He gets to school by train. take the subway = go by subway take a taxi = go by taxi go in a car = go by car ride a bike = go by bike walk = go on foot How引導的疑問句： 1. How does Lucia get to work? （提問方式「如何」） 2. Dave is going to travel to Paris by plane. How long does it take? （提問時間長短「多長時間」） 3. How far is it from the post office to the museum? （提問距離「多遠」） 4. How often does Kate swim in the river? （提問頻率「多久一次」） 5. How old is the little boy? （提問年齡「多大」） 6. How many cows are there? （提問數量「多少」many後跟可數名詞） 7. How much water is there in the bottle? （提問數量「多少」much後跟不可數名詞） 8. How much is the doll? （提問價錢「多少錢」） 9. How tall is his teacher? （提問高度「多高」） 10. How was the weather? （提問程度「怎樣」） Unit 5 情態動詞「can」表示可能性，或現在決定將來的事。 練慣用「Can …? 」發出邀請，接受或拒絕並給出原因： －Can you come to my party on Monday? －Sure, I』d love to. / Sorry, I can』t. I have to study for a test. －Can she go to the movies? －No, she can』t. She has to do her homework. －Can he go to the football game tomorrow? －No, he can』t. He has a driving lessons. －Can they go to the concert tonight? －No, they can』t. They are visiting their uncle. Unit 6: 形容詞比較級： 形容詞比較級是用來表示事物的等級差別。 I. 形容詞比較級的構成： 規則變化： 1. 一般單音節詞末尾加－er。 tall－taller great－greater 2. 以不發音的e結尾的單音節詞和少數以－le結尾的雙音節詞只加－r。 nice－nicer large－larger able－abler 3. 以一個輔音字母結尾的閉音節單音節詞，雙寫結尾的輔音字母，再加－er。 big－bigger hot－hotter 4. 「輔音字母＋y」結尾的雙音節詞，改y為i，再加－er。 easy－easier busy－busier 5. 少數以－er，－ow結尾的雙音節詞末尾加－er. clever－cleverer narrow－narrower 6. 其他雙音節詞和多音節詞，在前面加more來構成比較級。 important－more important beautiful－more beautiful 不規則變化： good－better well（健康的）－better bad－worse ill－worse old－older / elder many－more much－more little（少的）－less far（遠的）－farther / further II. 比較級句型： 1. 比較級＋than … …比…較為 A ＋動詞＋形容詞比較級＋than＋B. 兩者相比較，A比B更…一些。 I am older than you. Mary is happier than Jane. His brother is younger than I（me）. Beijing is more beautiful than Wuhan. My sister has longer hair than Tara. Her mother is thinner than her father. Jack is taller than Tom. 2. as…as A+動詞+as+形容詞原級+as+B.表示A和B兩者比較，程度相同，「…和…相同」。 My uncle is as tall as your father. Tom is as honest as John. My dog is as old as that one. A…＋not＋as＋形容詞原級＋as＋B 表示A，B兩者程度不同，即A不如B那麼… My uncle is not as tall as your father. Tom is not as honest as John. This jacket is not as cheap as that one. 3. the same as 與…相同。 My friend is the same as me. We are both quiet. A good friend likes to do the same things as me. 新目標英語八年級上學期重點句型複習精要 1. How often do you exercise? I exercise twice a week. 2. How often does he go shopping? He goes shopping once a month. 3. What do you usually do on weekends? I often go to the movies. 4. What does she usually do on weekends? She sometimes go hiking. 5. I try to eat a lot of vegetables; I think it"s good for my health. 6. What"s the matter? I have a cold. I" sorry to hear that. 7. I"m not feeling well; I hope you feel better soon. 8. She has a toothache, she should see a dentist. 9. It"s important to eat a balanced diet. 10. Everyone gets tired sometimes. 11. What are you doing for vacation? I"m babysitting my sister. 12. When are you going? I"m going on the 12th. 13. I"m going to Tibet for a week. ------ Have a good time. 14. How long are you staying? For about three weeks. 14. Who are you going with? I"m going with my friends. 15. How"s the weather? = what"s the weather like? It"s sunny today. 16. This time I want to do something different. 17. He thought about going to Greens or Spain. But decide on Canada. 18. He plans to have a very relaxing vacation. 19. Can I ask you some question about your vacation? Yes, sure. 20. She"s leaving for Hong Kong on Tuesday. 21. How do you get to school? I get to school by subway. = I take the subway to school. 22. How long does it take? It takes about forty minutes. 23. How far do you live from school? I live ten miles from school 24. Can you come to my birthday party on Friday? Yes, sure, Sorry, I can"t. 25. I"m more outgoing than my sister. 26. My friend is the same as me. 27. Liu Ying isn"t as good at sports as her sister. 28. She"s a little more popular than me. 29. We are both quiet. We both have black eyes and black hair. We both enjoy going to parties. 30. He is good at school work; She is good at playing basketball. 31. I think a good friend can make me laugh. 32. I like to have friends who are like me. I like to have friends who are different from me. 33. How do you make a banana smoothie? Peel three bananas, cut up the bananas, put the bananas and the yogurt into the blender, pour the milk into the blender, turn on the blender, drink the smoothie. 34. How many tomatoes do we need? We need two tomatoes. 35. How much cinnamon do we need? We need two teaspoons of cinnamon. 36. Finally mix it all up. 37. Put some relish on a slice of bread. 38. Here"s a recipe for a great turkey sandwich. 39. How was your school trip? It was really boring. 40. Did you go to the zoo? No. I didn"t. I went to aquarium. 41. Were there any sharks? No, there weren"t. but there were some really smart seals. 42. Did Tina buy a souvenir? No, she didn"t, her friend Grace bought a souvenir. 43. Tina met a famous actor. 45. Tina got Jack Denis"s autograph. 46. Class 9 had a great time on the school trip. 47. How was your day off? It was really boring. 48. Did you have fun camping?49. I didn"t have a very fun day. 49. Maria won the first prize in yesterday"s singing competition, 50. When was he born? He was born in 1973.