38個有用的單詞和連接詞，你都用對了嗎

來自專欄 51xiaochu雅思寫作

新的一周開始了，

你準備好迎接新的挑戰了嗎？

過了個周末，又加上個兒童節，

想必現在的你，對寫作又產生了一絲絲的抵觸。

為了喚醒你內心的鬥志，

今天打算寫一篇相對基礎一點的內容，

連接詞片語以及能起到連接作用的單詞，

一共38個，讓你的大腦做做熱身運動，

為本周的寫作練習添些柴火和動力。

連接詞不能想用就用

不少同學誤解了連接詞的作用，

他們認為用了連接詞=連貫性做到位。

事實當然不會辣么簡單，比如：

Many people work long hours. In other words, they may suffer poor health.

兩句話之間有連接詞嗎？

In other words就是。

可前後句之間是in other words的邏輯關係嗎？

suffer poor health和work long hours之間，是並列關係嗎？

顯然是因果關係，所以用as a result會更貼切。

連接詞不能不用，更不能亂用。

必須符合前後句之間的邏輯關係，

是用對連接詞的唯一原則。

下面為你逐條介紹

1. In order to

一般表目的。通常說：

In order to understand sth, we need first to do sth.

2. In other words

一般用於「換一種說法表達某件事」，比如：

Frogs are amphibians. In other words, they live on the land and in the water.

3. To put it another way

意思與in other words近似，但用於解釋複雜觀點：

Plants rely on photosynthesis. To put it another way, they will die without the sun.

4. That is to say

多用於更進一步解釋、或表達更詳細的內容：

Whales are animals. That is to say, they must breathe air.

5. To that end

這裡that可以替換this，用法也完全一致。

邏輯關係上，近似於in order to / so ：

Zoologists have long sought to understand how animals communicate with each other. To that end, a new study has been launched that looks at elephant sounds and their possible meanings.

6. Moreover

常用於進一步，表達更多的相關信息：

Moreover, the results of a recent piece of research provide compelling evidence in support of ....

7. Furthermore

出現在句首，同樣用於表達更多信息：

Furthermore, there is evidence to suggest that...

8. Whats more

和moreover的用法和意思一致:

Whats more, this is not the only evidence that supports this hypothesis.

9. Likewise

當你想表達的內容，與之前提過的內容相近時，使用它：

Scholar A believes sth. Likewise, Scholar B argues compellingly in favour of this point of view.

10. Similarly

similarly和likewise用法基本一致：

Audiences at the time reacted with shock to Beethovens new work, because it was very different to what they were used to. Similarly, we have a tendency to react with surprise to the unfamiliar.

11. Another key thing to remember

還可以說 another key fact to remember,

你可以理解為also的意思，只不過換一種表達：

As a Romantic, Blake was a proponent of a closer relationship between humans and nature. Another key point to remember is that Blake was writing during the Industrial Revolution, which had a major impact on the world around him.

12. As well as

當你不想重複使用and, 或者also的時候，

可以用到它：

Scholar A argued that this was due to sth, as well as Y.

13. Not only ... but also

同一主題下，相關信息分開表達，

並且這些信息之間不出讓讀者感到意外，使用它：

Not only did Edmund Hillary have the honor of being the first to reach the summit of Everest, but he was also appointed Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire.

14. Coupled with

同時考慮2個或者2個以上論點時，使用：

Coupled with the literary evidence, the statistics paint a compelling view of ...

15. Firstly, seconly, thirdly ...

一個接著一個的按順序表達內容：

There are many points in support of this view. Firstly, X. Secondly, Y. And thirdly, Z.

16. Not to mention / to say nothing of

表達之前沒有提到的信息，帶有一些強調的作用：

The war caused unprecedented suffering to millions of people, not to mention its impact on the countrys economy.

17. However

轉折的邏輯關係，用法你一定比我熟：

Scholar A thinks this. However, Scholar B reached a different conclusion.

18. On the other hand

另一方面，不要小看這個連接詞，它的主要用法是，

表達一個觀點的另一半內容，

就好比你把opinion看作一個圓，

左邊是一邊，右邊是另一邊，此時才用到它 :

The historical evidence appears to suggest a clear-cut situation. On the other hand, the archaeological evidence presents a somewhat less straightforward picture of what happened that day.

19. Having said that

on the hand hand 和but的意思相近：

The historians are unanimous in telling us X, an argument that suggests that this version of events must be an accurate account. Having said that, the archaeology tells a different story.

20. By contrast/in comparison

字面意思就能看出，當你在對比和比較時，才會用到它：

Mentor A s opinion, then, is based on insufficient evidence. By contrast, Mentor Bs opinion seems more plausible.

21. Then again

當表達對某個觀點有些懷疑時，使用：

Writer A asserts that this was the reason for what happened. Then again, it is possible that he was being paid to say this.

22. That said

意思和then again近似，比如：

The evidence ostensibly appears to point to this conclusion. That said, much of the evidence is unreliable at best.

23. Yet

當你想介紹一個差別較大的觀點時，使用：

Much of scholarship has focused on the evidence. Yet not everyone agrees that this is the most important aspect of the situation.

24. Desipte this

與它相似的是 in spite of this, 當你想概述某個觀點，

且你又知道它有些不足之處時，使用它：

The sample size was small, but the results were important despite this.

25. With this in mind

提醒讀者要在了解某個情況的前提下，來考慮你提出的觀點：

We have seen that the methods used in the 19th century study did not always live up to the rigorous standards expected in scientific research today, which makes it difficult to draw definite conclusions. With this in mind, let us look at a more recent study to see how the results compare.

26. Provided that

和on condition that一個意思，表示如果/在...條件下，

也可以說providing that / providing ：

We may use this as evidence to support our argument, provided that we bear in mind the limitations of the methods used to obtain it.

27. In view of / in light of

根據，鑒於的意思。

多用於某事已經清晰的展現出來時：

In light of the evidence from the 2013 study, we have a better understanding of ...

28. Nontheless

和despite this近似：

The study had its limitation, but it was nonetheless groundbreaking for its day.

29. Nevertheless

可以將其等同於nontheless來記憶：

The study was flawed, but it was important nevertheless.

30. Notwithstanding

這個詞很多同學不會用，意思和nonetheless：

Notwithstanding the limitations of the methodology used, it was an important study in the development of how we view the workings of the human mind.

31. For instance:

具體說明，舉例說明：

Some birds migrate to avoid harsher winter climates. Swallows, for instance, leave the UK in early winter and fly south...

32. To give an illustration

進一步解釋說明：

To give an illustration of what I mean, lets look at the case of ...

33. Significantly

通常指的是，你想表達一些並不那麼顯而易見，

或者立刻就會有結果的觀點：

Significantly, Tacitus omits to tell us the kind of gossip prevalent in Suetonius accounts of the same period.

34. Notably

與significantly是同義詞，也常常和in particular交替使用：

Actual figures are notably absent from Mentor As analysis.

35. Importantly

這個詞和significantly也十分近似，兩者可交換使用：

Importantly, Mentor A was being employed by X when he wrote this work, and was presumably therefore under pressure to portray the situation more favorably than he perhaps might otherwise have done.

36. Persuasive

當你想總結一個最具說服力的觀點時，可以用它：

Mentor As point - that Constanze Mozart was motivated by financial gain - seems to be the most persuasive argument for her actions following Mozarts death.

37. Compelling

用法和意思與persuasive類似：

The most compelling argument is presented by Mentor A.

38. All things considered

意思是「考慮上述所有因素」：

All things considered, it seems reasonable to assume that...

總結

上面這些片語或單詞，

我相信大多數同學都很熟悉。

但卷面上，我卻很少看到有同學能準確，

或者靈活多變的去使用。

記住用法和意思並不代表你會用，

唯獨多用，才是掌握它們的最好方法。

複查作文時，看到相同單詞或者片語出現2次以上，

你就應該引起重視並試著替換不同表達。

這樣的文章，讀起來才富有節奏，韻律十足。