【挪威魚博士】吃魚油前必須了解的Omega3:DHA/EPA/DPA知識

??【寫在前面】很多人吃著魚油，可並不了解魚油。如何挑選魚油？魚油能否長期服用？什麼是omega3？是三種物質還是別有內涵?什麼是DHA?它的真正作用是什麼？嬰幼兒能夠服用EPA嗎？它價值何在？DPA又是什麼？本文旨在用權威國際文獻為您揭曉答案。NO1.究竟什麼是Omega-3 ?嗯，很多人以為Omega-3就是3種Omega，嘻嘻。其實不然，Omega-3是一類不飽和脂肪酸的總稱，它主要包括DHA，EPA，DPA和ALA（α-亞麻酸），就像水果是香蕉，蘋果，葡萄等的總稱一樣。其中，DHA，EPA和DPA是三種對人體十分重要且必需的Omega-3，在海魚和魚油中較豐富，人體自身合成效率極低，必須通過外界攝取補充。ALA（α-亞麻酸）是植物來源的Omega-3，如核桃油，亞麻籽油較豐富。P.S. 廣告里常稱核桃油補腦，因為核桃油含Omega-3，實際上核桃油的Omega-3是亞麻酸，人體即使補充，也需要將亞麻酸合成為DHA，從而發揮補腦功效，而實際上人體合成效率極低。可見，補充昂貴的核桃油，效率遠沒有直接補充富含DHA的魚油高。NO2. 為什麼需要Omega-3？能否長期服用？DHADHA佔大腦多元不飽和脂肪酸的40%促進腦神經傳導和突觸的生長發育DHA占視網膜多元不飽和脂肪酸的60%促進視力發育，維護視力健康，明亮眼睛DHA占神經元細胞膜的50%促進協調神經傳導作用增強機體免疫力EPA與DHA相輔相成，在體內轉化為DHA促DHA吸收，協同DHA健腦、增強免疫力血管清道夫，具有天然抗炎功效有益心腦血管系統，降低日後患病風險；預防腦血栓腦溢血動脈硬化，護心臟珍貴DPA俗稱「被遺忘的腦黃金」極其珍貴。它比EPA改善心腦血管病功效高出10倍一般在母乳、海豹和鯨魚中較豐富特別提醒：由於魚源、魚質、魚種類及技術等原因，目前只有挪威奈科明公司的魚油系列含珍貴DPA人腦組織的主要組成成份對大腦的形成、記憶力的增強必不可缺神經細胞的主要組成成份對神經系統的發育、視力的發育必不可缺SO,國外各權威機構，包括美國食品藥品監督管理局（FDA）、世界衛生組織（WHO）、聯合國食品和農業組織（FAO）、加拿大衛生署、挪威衛生署、國際脂類與脂肪酸研究協會（ISSFAL）均推薦各年齡階段人群長期補充Omega-3。NO3.濃縮魚油=Omega3嗎？答：不等於。魚油中的有效成分為Omega-3，選購魚油要看Omega-3成份，含量及純度。如：奈科明兒童魚油每兩粒含魚油1100毫克，其中Omega-3（如DHA,EPA,DPA等）有660毫克，表明此款魚油是濃縮型魚油，純度達60%，含有效成分Omega-3達660毫克。如：X品牌，每粒含魚油幾百毫克，但OMEGA-3卻只有幾十毫克。表明其是低純度魚油，純度為10%，含Omega-3僅幾十毫克，無法發揮魚油促進大腦，視力及神經發育的功效。NO4.Omega3還有其他什麼功效？濃縮魚Omega-3一直是研究熱點，其實它還有許多已知的及未知的功效，比如研究發現它對自身免疫性疾病如風濕性關節炎，克羅恩病，潰瘍性結腸炎，銀屑癬，偏頭疼有健康益處。另外它對對慢性炎症有顯著的益處，可降低疾病活性，減少抗炎葯使用。此外，動物和臨床實驗表明，Omega-3脂肪酸可以減少腫瘤的數量和尺寸。

挪威魚博士：「愛吾幼以及人之幼」，我們致力於分享魚油、孕哺乳/寶寶營養、育兒與親子閱讀、未成年人法律保護等知識。我們也為大家提供產品——淘寶店鋪：挪威魚博士。團隊包括：挪威國家海產品營養所專業人士、中國律師、大學教師、繪本翻譯者。誠願與君同成長，厚德載物、載欣載奔，不負此生。參考文獻1. Omega-3 fatty acids in health and disease and in growth and development, 文獻鏈接：http://ajcn.nutrition.org/content/54/3/438.short2. Omega-3 Fatty Acids EPA and DHA: Health Benefits Throughout Life，文獻鏈接：http://advances.nutrition.org/content/3/1/1.short3.http://www.sealharvest.ca/site/?page_id=3174DHA is recognized as a physiologically essential nutrient in the brain and retina and is therefore needed for neuronal functioning and visual acuteness. Even Health Canada has recognized the benefits of DHA, which has led to the addition of regulated, restricted amounts of DHA in various foods such as eggs, milk, cheese, bread, etc.EPA has many health benefits for the heart and cardiovascular system. An increased intake of EPA is generally associated with a lower risk of primary and secondary heart attack rates, death from cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality.EPA has many health benefits for the heart and cardiovascular system. An increased intake of EPA is generally associated with a lower risk of primary and secondary heart attack rates, death from cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality.In one study, higher EPA levels in blood serum phospholipids resulted in a 70% lower risk of fatal ischemic heart disease. This means more EPA is beneficial in people with documented coronary heart diseases, especially those with risk factors for sudden cardiac death.DPA is often overlooked as a significant component of long-chain Omega-3 fatty acids. This is primarily because most Omega-3 studies are conducted using fish or fish oil that contain only small amounts of DPA.Studies have shown that DPA has health benefits for the heart. Population studies show that higher levels of DPA result in lower rates of coronary heart disease risks. In addition, while EPA is known for its cardiovascular benefits, DPA is said to be ten times more effective than EPA in healing damaged blood vessels.
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