Quora：為什麼人們害怕強大的中國，而不害怕強大的美國？

06-10

Why are people afraid of a powerful China but not a powerful US?

為什麼人們害怕強大的中國，而不是強大的美國？

美國問答網站quora網貼翻譯：

Asim Qureshi, MA Physics, University of OxfordAnswered 10h agoPeople are FAR more afraid of a powerful US than a powerful China.According to a 2013 survey asking nearly 70,000 people in 65 countries, so this survey is as comprehensive as you get, nearly a quarter of those surveyed surveyed said the US is the greatest threat to world peace.For China it"s 6%.Remember, this is before Trump.
比起強大的中國，人們更加害怕強大的美國。
根據2013年的一份調查，該調查訪問了65個國家7萬名用戶，正如你見，這份調查很全面。將近1/4的受訪者表示，美國是世界和平最大的威脅。
而中國為6%。

記住，這是在特朗普上台之前。
Why is the US feared so much more than China?China exerts its influence on the world by doing business, of mutual benefit, with other countries.The US exerts its influence by bullying, supporting tyrannical dictatorships, and waging illegal wars.BTW I"m a huge fan of many aspects of the US. But not its foreign policy…14.9k Views · 1,058 Upvotes
為什麼比起中國更害怕美國？中國通過做生意，和其他國家互利共贏來發揮其在世界的影響力。
美國通過欺凌、支持專制獨裁、非法發動戰爭對世界施加影響。
順便一說，美國有很多方面我喜歡的，但不喜歡美國的外交政策。

譯文來源：三泰虎 http://www.santaihu.com/43914.html

Rinat Abdekadir, I"m a Kazakh-Chinese who was born in Xinjiang.Answered SunI know many pro-American writers will try to emphasize their supposed moral supremacy over China but the truth of the matter is:Rising powers are always looked upon with suspicion and fear.Just look at what happened with Germany rising:
我知道很多美國支持者的答主會試圖強調他們的道德凌駕於中國之上。事實上——
崛起的強國總伴隨著懷疑與恐懼。
看看隨著德國崛起發生了什麼。

Look at what happened with Russia:看看俄羅斯崛起後做了什麼。
Look at what happened with Japan:看看日本崛起後做了什麼。
Look at what happened with America:看看美國崛起後做了什麼。
Many will say: China border disputes!The SCS border disputes have been there since the 40』s, Vietnam has gone on a building and militarizing spree over the span of 30 years. China really only started to get hate when China became powerful enough to enforce their claim.In fact, almost all of China』s border disputes have remained frozen for the god knows how long. Border disputes isn』t actually the real reason why people are afraid.

很多人會說：中國邊界爭端！
自上世紀40年代開始，南海邊界爭議已經存在。越南在30年內進行了大規模建設和軍事化。中國開始變得強大到足以執行自身主張時，他們才被討厭。
實際上，幾乎所有中國邊界爭議都被凍結了，天知道有多久。邊界爭議不是人們真正害怕的原因。

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The real reason why they are afraid is because China is an abnormally powerful country in a neighborhood of country』s who are far less powerful than China, everyone in South America and the Middle east was afraid of the US when the US was an abnormally powerful country in a neighborhood of country』s who are far less powerful than America because this is what they did:
人們害怕的真正原因是，中國是個異常強大的國家，比周邊的國家更強大。當美國比周邊國家強大許多時，南美和中東的各個國家都害怕美國，因為他們所做的：
(Chinese are going to dominate the SCS!)中國將控制南海！
(China is going to steal the land of her neighbors!)中國將竊取鄰國的土地！
(China will start invading other countries!)中國將開始侵略其他國家！
Basically, there is no indication that China will be any different from any other rising powers. I have to call out annoying Chinese jingoists for sometimes having the exact same annoying moral supremacy complex over Americans, Chinese unfortunately cannot convince her neighbors not to be afraid of her. History shows whenever an ascendant power remains unchecked, bad things happen.
基本上，中國和其他大國崛起沒什麼不同。必須說，中國有時候的沙文主義和美國讓人討厭的道德優越感一樣。不幸的是，中國不能說服她的鄰居別怕。歷史表明，當一個強國不受控制時，壞事就會發生。
The Americans however are lucky, America because it has been dominant in America for so long people there have basically lost their resentment against America - Mexico lost 1/3 of its territory and its chance of becoming a major world power along with it, do Mexicans hate the US? No, because Texas has been gone for so long nobody cares anymore. If China had hegemony in Asia since 1950』s and controlled the Paracels since then, Vietnamese wouldn』t hate Chinese right now because they would』ve forgotten about it by now.
然而美國是幸運的。美國在美洲一直處於主導地位，人們基本上失去了對美國的怨恨。墨西哥失去了三分之一的國土，失去了成為世界強國的機會，墨西哥人恨美國嗎？不，德州已經好久沒人在乎了。如果中國自1950年起就在亞洲稱霸並控制西沙群島，越南現在就不會恨中國，因為他們已經忘記了這件事。
Also, there is the point that American hegemony is sort of an extension of European hegemony, which has been here for a long time so people in general have internalized it which is why anti-Americanism in South America is no longer as strong as it was in the 70』s or the 80』s. Chinese hegemony hasn』t been in Asia for the past 200 years, no one is used to it. So American hegemony is sort of preferred in the way in a race you』d prefer having a car you already know and drive quite often rather than a car that is new and untested.24k Views · 455 Upvotes
而且，有個觀點認為，美國霸權是歐洲霸權的延伸，後者已經存在了很久，人們已經消化了它，這就是為何南美的反美情緒不再強烈，因為70或80年代就存在了。中國霸權在過去200年內並沒有存在，所以還沒有人適應。美國霸權在這一競爭中更受歡迎，你更喜歡有一輛你已經知道並經常駕駛的車，而不是一輛嶄新的、未經測試的車。

Enrique Pareja, logical intuitionist.Updated Jan 23, 2015Because we already know what a powerful US is like (speaking from the perspective of a westerner). And there is a Spanish saying: "Más vale malo conocido que bueno por conocer": "A known bad thing is preferable to an unknown good thing".EDIT: The English equivalent is "Better the devil you know" (thank you, Joe!).128.4k Views · 644 Upvotes
（從西方角度說），強大的美國是什麼樣的。西班牙有一句話說，一個已知的東西比未知的東西要好。英語中的說法是：Better the devil you know（先見之明）。