咖啡知識小百科(雙語)

If this is coffee, please bring me some tea; if this is tea, please bring me some coffee. Abraham Lincoln

如果這是咖啡，那就給我倒些茶；如果這是茶，那就給我來些咖啡。——亞伯拉罕·林肯

Desert fruit

沙漠中的果實

Every cup of coffee you drink owes its existence to a fruit that grew wild in the Yemeni desert. The Sufi mystics of

你所喝到的每一杯咖啡，都是由於葉門沙漠中遍地種植的咖啡豆而存在。葉門的蘇菲神秘主義者是第一批將咖啡豆烘烤，並將其釀造成飲品。有了這些飲品，他們可以在長時間的祈求中保持清醒。後來，咖啡傳到了衣索比亞（埃塞爾比亞教會禁止咖啡），接著傳到了阿拉伯世界。之後，被稱為kaveh kanes的咖啡館（我們喝咖啡的地方）雨後春筍般出現在世界每個角落。到了15世紀，喝著咖啡的人在麥加隨處可見。

Coffee houses

咖啡館

The habit spread to the rest of Europe in the 17th century. One of the first coffee houses inEnglandwas opened in Oxford by Jacob, a Turkish Jew, in 1650. Its coffee was described as "a simple Innocent thing, incomparable good for those that are troubled with melancholy".

17世紀，喝咖啡的習慣傳遍了歐洲。1650年，一個名為雅各的土耳其猶太人在牛津開了英國的首家咖啡館。雅各的咖啡被人們這樣形容：「咖啡是一杯簡單樸素的飲品，對於飽受愁思的人來說，這是無與倫比的好飲品。」

Coffee became popular with scholars as it sharpened the mind rather than dulled it like alcohol. Coffee houses became meeting places, debating chambers and even laboratories. Isaac Newton and Edmond Halley once dissected a dolphin on the table of a coffee house in London. Lloyd"s of London and the Stock Exchange started life as coffee houses. But the craze had its detractors. The brewing of ale had long been the preserve of women, known as "brewsters" or "alewives". In 1674, a group of them – alarmed at falling trade in taverns – drew up the Women"s Petition Against Coffee, claiming: "Coffee makes a man barren as the desert out of which this unlucky berry has been imported."

咖啡能提神，而且不像酒精那樣使人遲鈍，因此咖啡深受知識分子的喜愛。後來，咖啡館變成了會議室和辯論場所，甚至成為了實驗室。牛頓和哈雷曾經在倫敦咖啡館的桌子上解剖海豚。勞埃德船舶保險公司和英國證券交易所的前身也是咖啡館。然而，並不是所有人都對咖啡有好感。女性是釀造啤酒的長期擁護者，於是，她們被稱為"brewsters"和"alewives"。在 1674年，這部分人向人們提醒：啤酒製造量正在下降。另外，她們還擬出了一份《婦女抵抗咖啡請願書》，請願書寫道：「種植不吉利果實的沙漠到處寸草不生，所以，咖啡會使男人不育。」