古埃及人的生活日常 —— 化妝 （中英對照）

（本文摘自公眾號：昨日之世界）

古埃及人大概是世界上最早沉迷於化妝無法自拔的一撥人了。在古埃及，眼影粉、膏狀胭脂、散沫花是古埃及女性的必需品，而隨身攜帶的化妝包更是身份與地位的象徵。他們用「Kohl」（一種鉛製品）在眼角描繪出誇張的黑色眼線，又在眼皮上塗上由孔雀石磨成的綠色眼影粉。在新王國時期時，由方鉛礦製成的黑色眼影漸漸取代了孔雀石眼影，成為新的「國民眼妝」。古埃及人相信，眼影具有守護神的力量，可以讓他們得到神明的庇佑，為他們抵禦詛咒。而現代科學家表明，在極度乾旱，太陽直射極強的沙漠環境中，濃厚的眼影起到了保護眼睛的作用，藍綠色的孔雀石粉不但可以減少陽光對視力的損害，且具有殺菌功能，可以防止眼部細菌感染，起到預防結膜炎的功效。這種誇張的眼妝也是模仿守護神Horus的模樣，他通常被描繪成鷹的形象，因為在古埃及鷹象徵著天空及自由的生命。

The ancient Egyptians were probably the first group of people who were really deep into makeup. Things like eyeshadow powder, rouge cream, and Henna were necessities for ancient Egyptian woman, and a portable cosmetic pouch was even a sign of status at that time. They used Kohl, a product of lead, as eyeliners for their exaggerative eye lines, and green eyeshadow powder from malachite on their eyelids. During the New King period, the use of galena eyeshadow became more popular over malachite, being the new top 1 in the eye makeup trend. The ancient Egyptians believed that eyeshadows had the power of a patron saint, allowing them to be sheltered by gods and defense curses. Modern scientists claim that in extremely droughty and scorching desert environments, heavy eyeshadows may act as a protection to eyes. The turquoise malachite powder could not only decrease the damage to the eyes caused by the sun but also kill germs as well as prevent eye infection and conjunctivitis. Furthermore, these exaggerative eye makeups were an imitation to the appearance of the patron Horus, who was often depicted as a falcon – a symbol of the sky and a free life for the ancient Egyptians.

不僅如此，古埃及的「口紅」色號也是層出不窮，紅色，橘色，藍綠色，紫色，甚至是黑色，都受到了上層社會的瘋狂追捧。這種由赭石製成的紅棕色膏狀物體染色效果極淺，透氣輕薄，同樣可以當作腮紅使用。

Additionally, there were many types of 「lipsticks」 colors in the ancient Egypt, such as red, orange, blue-green, purple, and even black. These were colors which drew upper classes』 attention. This red-brown paste was made of ocher and allowed a shallow dyeing effect, which was light and comfortable. As a result, it could be used as a blush.

用散沫花染指甲更是埃及女性的日常，幾乎所有埃及壁畫上的女性都有著艷麗的十指。埃及女性將散沫花瓣研成粉末，與水調和，做成紅色，橙色或是黃色的「指甲油」。這種天然化妝品在滿足女性愛美的同時，也還可以根治灰指甲。在一些傳說中，拉美西斯一世派人去尋找草藥，散沫花才得以傳播進埃及，還有資料認為，古埃及人把散沫花帶進了歐洲，並教會歐洲人使用這種植物。

Egyptian women used Henna in their daily life, and almost all the women in Egyptian frescos had brilliant and colorful fingers. Egyptian women ground petals of henna into powder and mix it with water to make a red, orange, or yellow "nail polish". This natural makeup could also satisfy a womans love of beauty and it healed the nail diseases. In some legends, Ramses I sent someone to find herbs; thus, henna was able to spread to Egypt. It was also believed that the ancient Egyptians had brought the Henna into Europe and taught the Europeans how to use the plant.

http://weixin.qq.com/r/EC60rDXEh2j4rXHP93sC (二維碼自動識別)

http://weixin.qq.com/r/EC60rDXEh2j4rXHP93sC (二維碼自動識別)

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