二戰歐陸雄心系列之三十五—1943.12.31

來自專欄 歷史⑨課

大林的鐵鎚妹妹了解一下。

The American destroyer USS Buck was torpedoed and sunk in the Tyrrhenian Sea off Salerno by German submarine U-616.

美國驅逐艦Buck號在薩勒莫沿岸的第勒尼安海中被德軍潛艇U616擊沉。

The German city of Münster was heavily bombed in the first daytime raid by the United States Eighth Air Force.

美國第八航空隊對德國歷史名城明斯特進行了首次日間空襲，明斯特損失慘重。

The American destroyer Bristol was torpedoed and sunk in the Mediterranean Sea off Algiers by German submarine U-371.

美國驅逐艦Bristol在阿爾及爾沿岸的地中海中被德軍潛艇U371擊沉。

Zaporizhia was liberated by Soviet Red Army.

蘇聯紅軍解放扎波羅熱。

The German city of Kassel was leveled as 10 Royal Air Force bomber squadrons.

德國城市卡塞爾被10個皇家空軍轟炸機中隊夷為平地。

The British destroyer Hurworth struck a mine and sank in the Aegean Sea.

英國驅逐艦Hurworth在愛琴海觸雷沉沒。

The Battle of Sept-?les was fought over the night of October 22–23 near the French coast in the English Channel between British and German naval forces. The result was a German victory as the British cruiser Charybdis was torpedoed and sunk in the Bay of Biscay by German torpedo boats.

10月22~23日，在英吉利海峽的法國沿岸，英德海軍進行了 Sept-?les戰役。結果德國獲勝，英軍巡洋艦Charybdis在比斯凱灣被德軍魚雷艇用魚雷擊沉。

The Soviet 28th Army drove the German 6th Army out of Melitopol.

蘇軍28集團軍將德6集趕出梅利托波爾。

The British Royal Navy destroyer HMS Eclipse (H08) was sunk by a mine in the Aegean Sea.

英海軍驅逐艦Eclipse（H08）在愛琴海觸雷沉沒。

The 3rd Ukrainian Front captured Dnepropetrovsk.

烏克蘭第三方面軍解放第聶伯羅彼得斯克。

British 2nd Special Air Service successfully carried out Operation Candytuft, a raid on the Italian cities of Ancona and Pescara.

英軍第二特種空勤團成功執行了Candytuft行動，對義大利安科納和Pescara進行了空襲。

The Red Army cut the Germans rail link to the Crimea by capturing Chaplynka.

紅軍解放Chaplynka，切斷了德軍通向克里米亞的鐵路。

The Soviet IS-2 tank was accepted for service in the Soviet Army.

蘇軍接收IS-2坦克服役。

The U.S. Fifth Army in Italy reached the Garigliano River.

駐義大利美軍第五集團軍抵達Garigliano河。

The Second Battle of Kiev began on the Eastern Front.

東線爆發第二次基輔戰役。

The British Eighth Army in Italy captured Isernia and San Salvo Ridge as the Germans withdrew to the Sangro.

德軍撤向Sangro，駐意英8集奪取Isernia和San Salvo嶺。

The Soviet Union Red Army liberated Kiev, the Ukrainian capital, from Germany.

蘇聯紅軍從德國人手中解放了烏克蘭首都基輔。

The Soviet 1st Tank Army captured Fastiv near Kiev.

蘇坦1集解放基輔附近的法斯托夫。

Soviet paratroopers landed near Cherkasy.

蘇軍傘兵在切爾卡瑟附近著陸。

The Red Army captured the northern Ukrainian city of Radomyshl.

紅軍解放北烏克蘭城市拉多梅什利。

The Battle of Leros began as German troops invaded the Greek Aegean island of Leros. The British destroyer HMS Dulverton was scuttled off Leros after being bombed by Dornier Do 217 aircraft of the Luftwaffe.

德軍入侵希臘愛琴海Leros島。英軍驅逐艦Dulverton被德國空軍Dornier Do 217飛機轟炸之後自沉。

Soviet forces reached Zhytomyr, threatening the northern flank of Army Group South, where the German Wehrmacht began a counterattack that would last for forty days.

蘇軍抵達日托米爾，威脅德南方集團軍群的北翼。德軍與此發動反擊，持續了40日。

The Battle of Leros ended when Allied troops on the island surrendered. The Germans paid a heavy price, however.

Leros島上盟軍投降，Leros戰鬥結束。然而德軍付出了高昂的代價。

The British Royal Air Force launched the largest bombing campaign carried out against Berlin up to that time, with 440 planes making a nighttime raid on the German capital.

英國皇家空軍對柏林進行了至當日規模最大的轟炸，440架飛機對柏林進行了夜間空襲。

The German 1st Panzer Division pushed the Soviets back out of Zhytomyr.

德1裝甲師將蘇軍趕出日托米爾。

The German submarine U-538 was depth charged and southwest of Ireland by British warships.

德軍潛艇U538在愛爾蘭西南被英軍戰艦用深水炸彈炸沉。

Lebanon became independent.

黎巴嫩獨立。

Soviet troops took Gomel.

蘇軍解放戈梅爾。

The Soviets withdrew from Korosten after holding it for twelve days.

蘇軍在守衛了科羅斯堅12天之後，撤出了該地。

The Allies began Operation Crossbow in an all-out effort to stop Germanys V-1 rocket program. The first launch sites targeted were near Ligescourt, France, where U.S. Army Air Force B-26 bombers made an unsuccessful attempt to put a dent in the program.

盟軍全力以赴地開展了Crossbow行動，阻止德國的V1火箭項目。首個目標發射場位於法國Ligescourt附近，美國空軍出動B26轟炸機，但未能削弱該項目。

The German submarine U-593 torpedoed and sank the British destroyers Holcombe and Tynedale off the coast of Algeria.

德軍潛艇U594在阿爾及利亞沿海用魚雷擊沉了英軍驅逐艦Holcombe和Tynedale號。

Operation Kugelblitz ("ball lightning") was a major anti-Partisan offensive conducted by German forces in December 1943 during World War II in Yugoslavia. The Germans attacked Josip Broz Titos Partisan forces in the eastern parts of the Independent State of Croatia in an attempt to encircle and destroy them, thereby preventing the Partisans from entering the Territory of the Military Commander in Serbia.

1943年12月德軍在南斯拉夫發動了Kungelblitz行動（「球狀閃電」）行動，這次行動是以此德軍組織的大規模圍剿行動。德軍襲擊了克羅埃西亞獨立國東部的鐵托游擊隊，試圖將其圍殲，進而避免游擊隊進入塞爾維亞軍事指揮區。

In the heaviest bombardment ever of Greece, more than 300 Allied warplanes dropped bombs on the German Luftwaffe airfields near Athens

300多架盟軍飛機對希臘德軍發起了最大規模的轟炸，轟炸了雅典附近德國空軍的機場。

The Soviet 52nd Army captured Cherkasy.

蘇軍52集團軍奪取切爾卡瑟。

The Second Battle of Kiev ended in Soviet victory.

蘇軍獲得第二次基輔之戰的勝利。

The German light cruiser Niobe was sunk by British motor torpedo boats three days after running aground off Silba, Yugoslavia.

德軍輕巡Niobe在南斯拉夫Silba擱淺之後被英軍摩托魚雷艇擊沉。

Soviet forces began the Dnieper–Carpathian Offensive.

蘇軍發動第聶伯-喀爾巴阡攻勢。

Allied bombardment of Berlin was temporarily halted after a week of raids by the Royal Air Force and the U.S. Army Air Forces that had ended with a heavy attack on the morning of Christmas Eve that had killed more than 2,000 people.

之前英美空軍對柏林的轟炸暫停了一個周，結果在聖誕節前夜，英美空軍再次發動大規模空襲，造成2000多人喪生。

The German battleship Scharnhorst was torpedoed and sunk during the Battle of the North Cape by the British battleship HMS Duke of York.

德國戰列艦沙恩霍斯特號在北角身中魚雷，被英軍戰列艦約克公爵號擊沉。

Soviet troops attacked Kazatin on December 28. After several hours, Soviet forces captured the town later that day. Korosten fell on December 29, and Zhitomir followed on December 31.

蘇軍12月28日攻擊Kazatin。幾個小時之後，蘇軍於當天晚些時候奪取了Kazatin。29日，蘇軍解放了科羅斯堅，31日解放了日托米爾。