二戰歐陸雄心系列之三十八—1944.7.3

來自專欄 歷史⑨課

大林：

我等了三年，就是要等一個機會，我要爭口氣，不是想證明我了不起，而是要告訴別人我失去的東西，我一定要拿回來！！！

German submarine U-616 was damaged in the Mediterranean Sea east of Cartagena, Spain by American warships. She was consequently scuttled the next day.

德軍潛艇U616在地中海西班牙卡塔赫納以東被美國軍艦損毀。因此次日U616自沉。

The Battle of Monte Cassino ended after 123 days in Allied victory when the Germans finally abandoned the stronghold at Monte Cassino.

德軍最終放棄在卡西諾的據點，這場持續了123天的卡西諾戰役以盟軍勝利告終。

U.S. troops captured the Italian cities of Gaeta and Itri. Allied forces began a new offensive from the Anzio beachhead. French troops took Pico while the Americans took Lenola.

美軍佔領義大利Gaeta和Itri。盟軍從Anzio灘頭髮起了新的攻勢。法軍佔領了Pico，美軍佔領了Lenola。

German submarine U-453 was depth charged and sunk in the Ionian Sea by British warships.

德軍潛艇U453在伊奧尼亞海被英軍軍艦用深水炸彈炸沉。

German submarine U-476 was depth charged and damaged off Trondheim and U-675 off ?lesund.

德軍潛艇U476在特隆海姆沿岸被深水炸彈炸沉，U675在Alesund附近被深水炸彈炸沉。

Axis forces including the German XV Mountain Corps began Operation R?sselsprung, a combined airborne and ground assault on the headquarters of the Yugoslav Partisans in the Bosnian town of Drvar.

德軍15山地軍等軸心部隊發起了Rosselsprung作戰，這是一次空降、地面混合攻擊，目標是南斯拉夫游擊隊在波斯尼亞小鎮德瓦爾的總部。

German submarine U-990 was depth charged and sunk in the North Sea by a B-24 Liberator of No. 59 Squadron RAF.

德國潛艇U990在北海被皇家空軍59中隊的一架B24解放者用深水炸彈炸沉。

Allied forces continued to advance toward Rome as American troops took Cori, the Canadians captured San Giovanni and the British took Monte Cairo.

盟軍繼續向羅馬前進，美軍佔領Cori，加拿大軍佔領聖Giovanni，英軍佔領Monte Cairo。

German submarine U-292 was depth charged and sunk west of Trondheim by a B-24 Liberator of No. 59 Squadron RAF.

德軍潛艇U292在特隆赫姆以西被皇家空軍59中隊的一架B24解放者用深水炸彈炸沉。

The British Eighth Army took Arce.

英8集佔領義大利阿爾切。

The Italian capital of Rome fell to the Allies. There was little fighting in the city itself as American tanks rolled along the Appian Way.

盟軍佔領義大利首都羅馬。美軍坦克碾過亞壁古道，羅馬城中幾乎沒有戰鬥。

The D-Day naval deceptions began. Allied ships and aircraft made deceptive movements in an attempt to deceive the Germans into believing that the Allied invasion force would land in the Calais region.

D日海軍欺騙行動開始。盟軍船隻和飛機進行了欺騙性運動，試圖讓德國人相信盟軍將在加萊登陸。

Operation Tonga began at 10:56 p.m. when an Allied force of bombers, gliders and transport aircraft took off from RAF Tarrant Rushton to begin an airborne operation near the city of Caen.

Tonga行動於當日夜間10:56開始。盟軍轟炸機、滑翔機和運輸機從皇家Tarrant Rushton起飛，開始在卡昂市附近進行空降作戰。

D-Day: Operation Overlord commenced with the crossing of nearly 160,000 Allied troops over the English Channel to land on the beaches of Normandy, France.

D日：霸王行動開始，約160,000名盟軍士兵橫渡英吉利海峽，在法國諾曼底登陸。

Operation R?sselsprung concluded. Although the activities of the Yugoslav Partisans were temporarily disrupted by the operation, it failed in its objective of capturing or killing Marshal Josip Broz Tito.

Rosselsprung行動結束。雖然此次行動暫時抑制了南斯拉夫游擊隊的行動，但它仍未達到抓捕、殺掉鐵托元帥的目標。

The British began Operation Perch, an attempt to encircle and capture the city of Caen.

英軍發動Perch作戰，試圖包圍、奪取卡昂城。

German submarine U-629 was sunk in the English Channel by a B-24 of No. 53 Squadron RAF.

德軍潛艇U629在英吉利海峽被皇家空軍53中隊的一架B24擊沉。

A B-24 of No. 224 Squadron RAF sank German submarine U-373 in the Bay of Biscay by and then sank U-441 only some 20 minutes later in the English Channel.

皇家空軍224中隊一架B24在比斯凱灣炸沉了德國潛艇373，20分鐘之後又在英吉利海峽炸沉了U441.

The U.S. Fifth Army in Italy captured Tarquinia and Viterbo.

美駐義大利第五集團軍奪取Tarquinia和Viterbo。

The Red Army began the Vyborg–Petrozavodsk Offensive with the objective of knocking Finland out of the war.

紅軍發起維堡-彼得羅扎沃茨克攻勢，意在將芬蘭踢出戰爭。

U.S. and British forces in Normandy linked up near Carentan, forming a solid 50-mile battlefront with 326,000 men and 54,000 vehicles.

美軍與英軍在諾曼底卡朗唐附近會師，形成了穩固的50英里戰線，軍隊有326000人，54000輛車輛。

The Germans launched the first V-1 flying bombs at England. Of the ten fired on this day four reached England, killing six people and destroying a railroad brige.

德軍向英國發射了首批V-1飛行炸彈。本日發射10發，命中英國4發，造成4人喪生，1架鐵路橋損毀。

RAF Bomber Command sent 221 aircraft to bomb Le Havre in its first daylight raid since May 1943. Three torpedo boats, fifteen S-boats, nine minesweepers and eight patrol boats were among the many German ships sunk in the raid.

皇家空軍轟炸機指揮部派遣221架飛機轟炸勒阿弗爾，這是1943年5日以來首次日間轟炸該地。此次空襲造成大量德軍艦艇沉沒，其中有3艘魚雷艇，15艘S艇，9艘掃雷艇和8艘巡邏艇。

The British destroyer Boadicea was bombed and sunk off Portland Bill by the Luftwaffe.

英軍驅逐艦Boadicea在波特蘭Bill附近被德國空軍炸沉。

RAF Bomber Command sent 297 aircraft to attack Boulogne, sinking three German minsweeping tenders, nine minesweepers, two patrol boats, three tugs and five harbour defense vessels.

皇家空軍轟炸機指揮部派遣297架飛機轟炸布洛日，炸沉了3艘德軍掃雷艇供應船、9艘掃雷艇、2艘巡邏艇、3艘拖船和5艘港口防衛船。

The British Eighth Army in Italy took Foligno and Spoleto.

駐意英八集奪取Foligno和Spoleto。

Iceland formally declared independence from Denmark.

冰島正式宣布從丹麥獨立。

British troops captured Assisi, Italy.

英軍奪取義大利Assisi。

German submarine U-767 was sunk in the English Channel by British destroyers.

德軍潛艇U767在英吉利海峽被英軍驅逐艦擊沉。

The Soviets captured Viipuri on the Karelian Isthmus.

蘇軍佔領卡累利阿地峽的維堡。

The British Eighth Army reached the German defensive Trasimene Line in Italy.

英8集抵達德軍在義大利的Trasimene防線。

The Soviets began Operation Bagration, a broad new summer offensive.

蘇軍發動了巴格拉季昂作戰，在寬大正面發動了新的夏季攻勢。

Cherbourg was encircled.

美軍包圍瑟堡。

The Soviets began the Bobruysk Offensive, Mogilev Offensive and Vitebsk–Orsha Offensive.

蘇軍發起博布魯伊斯克攻勢、莫吉廖夫攻勢和維貼布斯克-奧爾沙攻勢。

The Bombardment of Cherbourg took place when U.S. and British warships attacked German fortifications in and around Cherbourg.

英美軍艦對瑟堡城內和周邊的工事發起炮轟。

German forces at Cherbourg surrendered.

瑟堡德軍投降。

German submarine U-317 was depth charged and sunk northeast of the Shetlands by a B-24 of No. 86 Squadron RAF.

德軍潛艇U317在設德蘭東北被皇家空軍86中隊一架B24用深水炸彈炸沉。

German submarine U-719 was depth charged and sunk northwest of Ireland by British destroyer Bulldog.

德軍潛艇U719在愛爾蘭西北被英軍驅逐艦Bulldog用深水炸彈炸沉。

The German forces in Vitebusk were isolated and encircled.

維貼布斯克的德軍被包圍孤立。

Elements of the Sovet 1st Baltic Front occupied Vitebsk.

蘇聯波羅的海沿岸第一方面軍所部解放維貼布斯克。

During the Vyborg–Petrozavodsk Offensive, Red Army forces took Petrozavodsk itself.

在維堡-彼得羅扎沃茨克攻勢中，紅軍解放彼得羅扎沃茨克。

The Bobruysk Offensive, Mogilev Offensive and Vitebsk–Orsha Offensive all ended in Soviet victories.

博布魯伊斯克攻勢、莫吉廖夫攻勢和維貼布斯克-奧爾沙攻勢全部以蘇軍勝利告終。

The Minsk Offensive and Polotsk Offensive began as part of Operation Bagration.

明斯克攻勢和波洛茨克攻勢開始。

German submarine U-988 was sunk in the English Channel.

德國潛艇U988在英吉利海峽沉沒。

German submarine U-478 was depth charged and sunk east of the Faroe Islands

德國潛艇U478在法羅群島以東被深水炸彈炸沉。

The U.S. 133rd Infantry Regiment in Italy captured Cecina.

駐意美軍133步兵團佔領Cecina。

Minsk, the last big German base on Soviet soil, fell to the 3rd Belorussian Front.

德軍在蘇聯的最後一個主要基地明斯克被蘇聯白俄羅斯第三方面軍解放。