【托福寫作】如何寫好讓步段

來自專欄 新俊傑NextLeaders

讓步的概念

承認我方觀點的缺陷 / 承認對方觀點的優點或合理之處

讓步的兩大原則

1）Typical----舉出的反方觀點具有代表性

2）Manageable----有方法反駁或削弱此反方觀點

如何反駁或削弱

1）反駁

• 提出已有的/潛在的解決方案
• 闡明道理/情況恰恰相反

2）削弱

強調我方觀點的缺陷小

• 與對方觀點在此方面的缺陷比較，體現其小
• 與我方觀點的其他優勢比較，體現其小

強調對方觀點的優點/合理之處小

• 與我方觀點在此方面的合理之處/優勢比較
• 與對方觀點的其他缺陷比較

題目舉例：

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?

Working at home using computers or telephones is better than working in the office.

總觀點：Working in the office is better. （在辦公室工作比在家辦公好）

讓步段：在家辦公雖然讓人「over-relaxed」，但也不該完全否定。接下來提出了潛在的解決方案，也就是「We can easily fight this by giving employees clear and exact task descriptions and deadlines and ask them to report their progress from time to time.」

Admittedly, people tend to be over-relaxed and less efficient when they work at home--no supervision from directors, no pressure from their diligent peers, and in the meantime more possibilities for leisure and entertainment, even the household chores can be distracting. But is this enough to deny working at home? Of course not. We can easily fight this by giving employees clear and exact task descriptions and deadlines and ask them to report their progress from time to time. We may also set some punishment rules for those who cannot finish the tasks well or cannot finish on time. In this way, the efficiency of working at home can be secured and we can better enjoy the benefits it brings.

題目舉例：

Some students prefer to study alone. Others prefer to study with a group of students.

Which do you prefer?

總觀點：I prefer study with a group of students.(比起單獨學習，更喜歡和一組人一起學習)

讓步段：先簡短地承認單獨學習也有許多優點，但是優點不多，接著將優點與單獨學習的其他缺點相比較，以顯示其「 disadvantages far exceed the advantages」

Admittedly, studying alone has many merits, such as providing us with more quietness to look into ourselves and dig out our own inner wisdom instead of letting our mind be flooded with the ideas from others. However, its disadvantages far exceed the advantages. It cannot rival group study neither in the kind of help and encouragement we get from our study partners, nor in the gains we make in the understanding of team spirit and the ability of performing group task by working together.

最後，如何寫讓步段可以借鑒一下綜合寫作的聽力部分，很多時候都是先讓步承認閱讀相應要點有一定合理性，繼而反駁或削弱其合理性