全網首發|2018英語專四·語言知識真題、答案與解析

05-18

昨天上午，2018英語專四在考生們的謾罵聲中倉促落幕，除卻泄題事件、Talk難到上熱搜外，語言知識（語法辭彙）出題風格突變也成了激怒大家的最後一根導火索。

筆者魯東沿海某校2016級英語專業學生，剛剛一戰專四。作為被這份題折磨至深的英語語法愛好者，我昨天晚上根據泄題題目，查閱網上資料、語法工具書，制定出一份比較標準的答案，同時分析了今年的語言知識題的出題風格和試卷結構、對比了我的自做答案跟網傳泄題答案的差異，公開如下。

注意：答案及解析系自做結果，用於自我提高與網友參考，難免與標準答案有所出入，請官方答案為準。感謝評論區同學齊心協力完善這份答案，由於還不能熟練使用知乎@系統，故不一一答謝。轉載請私信與我聯繫。

本文結構：參考資料、真題及自編解析、試題分析、關於泄題答案

新鮮出爐的完型在這裡：全網首發|2018英語專四·完形填空真題、答案與解析

4.22下午更新：更不更新聽力和閱讀，不點贊、收藏和關注一波怎麼知道……

I.參考資料

考前複習：上外《新編英語語法教程》中的句子成分部分和主謂一致部分；華研2017版《專四語法與辭彙1000題》的其他語法知識和辭彙題；往年真題；星火模擬題等

考後整理：Corpus語料庫；百度學術；百度翻譯及其內置的柯林斯、牛津詞典等

II.真題及自編解析

11. The Bent pyramid outside Cairo ______ ancient Egypt』s first attempt to build a smooth-sided pyramid.

A. has been believd to have been

B. was believed to be

C. is believed to have been

D. is believed to be

解析：選C。考察時態，我之前沒做過類似的題。考場上憑語感，前面是一直都被認為，後面金字塔好久之前就建成了，所以前後分別用現在時、過去時（完成時），基本鎖定AC，A項說法我從來都沒見過，故選C。後來在網上查到了原句，摘自reddit新聞，鏈接如下。

the front page of the internet?

www.reddit.com

12. U.S. News ______ rankings of colleges since 1983. They are a very popular resource for students looking to apply to a university campus.

A. maintains

B. is maintaining

C. maintainged

D. has been maintaining

解析：選D。時態題，標誌詞是since。評論區指出maintain不可以用完成時，系謠傳。感謝評論區 @Marcia 提供的原文出處：

Explore rankings: U.S. News has been maintaining rankings of colleges since 1983. They are a very popular resource for traditional students looking to apply to a university campus, but they also have sets of rankings specifically devoted to the best online programs out there.

https://www.usnews.com/education/online-learning-lessons/2016/01/29/tell-if-an-online-program-has-a-good-reputation

13. He was lured into a crime he

would not ______ have committed.

A. actually

B. accidentally

C. otherwise

D. seldom

解析：選C。這個題我蒙了A，以為是辭彙辨析，結果是定語從句，可是我的華研書定語從句沒有涉及otherwise。查了網上資料，本句中關係代詞that指代先行詞crime，充當commit的賓語。整個定語從句相當於這樣一個完整的虛擬句：「He would not have committed the crime if he had not been lured into it.」（如果他當時沒有受引誘，他就不會犯罪了。）

14. She was once a young country

wife with chickens in the backyard and a view of ______ mountains behind the

apple orchard.

A. blue hazy Birginia

B. hazy blue Birginia

C. Birginia hazy blue

D. Birginia blue hazy

解析：選B。考察形容詞順序，原則是：美小圓舊黃，中國木書房。Hazy朦朧的，普通描述性形容詞；blue藍色的，顏色形容詞；Birginia地區名，三者分別對應美、黃、中國，因此選B。華研書「形容詞與副詞」那一章節標了重點，不過我的同學們很多人沒用那本書，加上往年貌似考頻很低，所以沒複習到。

15. I long to alleviate ______,

but I cannot.

A. the evil

B. evil

C. evils

D. an evil

解析：選A，網上有多處原句，解答思路不詳。我之前做的這類題一般都是零冠詞居多，所以考場上選了B。

16. Instead, it is arguably that

body shattering is the very point of football, as killing and maiming ______.

A. war

B. are war

C. of war

D. are of war

解析：選D。我不會做，考場上憑記憶里華研書上的省略句的樣式選了D，結果網上有原句。

17. At ______, photography is a chemical process, during which a light-sensitive material is altered when exposed to light.

A. its most basic

B. its basic

C. the most basic

D. the basic

解析：選A。查了corpus語料庫，只有at its most baisc頻率較高（78）且獨立使用，at the most basic頻率雖高（90）但後面多加level。但中國互聯網上幾乎沒有at its most basic這一短語的任何解釋和例句。我在考場上蒙了C，因為我考前背了個短語「at the very outside（=at most）」，於是就照葫蘆畫瓢了。

18. She hired a lawyer to investigate, only to learn that Gabriel had removed her name from the deed. The infinitive verb phrase 「only to learn」 is used ______.

A. to express an intended purpose

B. to indicate a high degree of

possibility

C. to reveal an undesirable

consequence

D. to dramatize a stated fact.

解析：選C。結果狀語從句，意料之外的結果，很常見，不啰嗦。

19. Which of the following italicized words DOES NOT carry the metaphorical meaning?

A. I wonder what』s behind this change of plan.

B. Jim turned to speak to the person standing behind him.

C. This work should have been finished yesterday. I』m getting terribly behind.

D. I suppose I』m lucky because my parents were behind me all the way.

解析：選B。顯而易見，不啰嗦。

20. My mother was determined to help those in need and she would have been immensely proud of what has been achieved these last 20 years. The italicized part in the sentence expresses ______.

A. a hypothesis

B. a suggestion

C. a contradiction

D. a surprise

解析：選A。句子較長，我當時因為沒考虛擬語氣加上語感所以直接選了A。這個句子可以翻譯成「我的媽媽決定去幫助那些需要幫助的人，她將會對過去這20年來的成績十分驕傲的。」根據漢語翻譯，我覺得確實是A更加契合。也有朋友認為「我的媽媽會驚奇地發現」所以選D，所以還是期望大神分析及官方答案。

21. When the police officers who took part in the King beating were first brought to ______, their layers used the videotape as evidence against the prosecution.

A. justice

B. testimony

C. trial

D. verdict

解析：選C。bring to trial審判某人;提審雖然沒見過，但那些詞都不合適，於是蒙對了。

22. ______, the most

controversial candidate in the election campaign, he has been strongly criticized

for his crude comments about women.

A. Questionably

B. Arguably

C. Contentiously

D. Debatably

解析：卒

PS：根據百度翻譯，A可理解成「可疑的是」，B可以理解成「按理說」，CD都是「有爭議地」？

這個句子我翻譯成「XXXXX，這位選舉中最有爭議的候選人一直以來都因他對女性的粗魯評論而深受批評」。我覺得貌似CD都能對上號……暫時選D吧，因為我在考場上選了D O(∩_∩)O

23. Prices have recently risen in

order to ______ the increased cost of raw materials.

A. cut

B. buoy

C. offer

D. offset

解析：選D。為補償原料成本的增加而提高了價格。難度不高，即使對buoy不熟悉也都知道offset是補償的意思。

24. The celebrity says in court

papers she 「has no ______ of giving any authorization to anyone to proceed with

a divorce.」

A. recommendation

B. recording

C. recollection

D. recognition

解析：選C。have no recollection of… 不記得…… 我考場上參考了中文表達「沒有掛科記錄」，於是選了recording……

25. What actually ______ a good angle, or a good selfie overall, is rooted in what we consider beautiful.

A. consists

B. constitutes

C. composes

D. constructs

解析：選B。

短語：A由B和C組成：A is composed of B and C/A comprise B and C/A consist of B and C|短語：B和C組成A：B and C constitute A.

這個知識點華研2017版《專四語法與辭彙1000題》有所涉及，我考前剛整理了。

26. The school is going the ______ mile to creat the next generation of sporting stars thanks to its unique development program.

A. final

B. further

C. supplementary

D. extra

解析：選D。go the extra mile做比期望的多得多的努力; 做更多，取得更大的成就。沒見過，考場上從extra改成了further，不說了都是淚。

27. The teachers』 union ______ a lawsuit against the district calling for repairing 「deplorable」 school conditions.

A. fired

B. filed

C. fined

D. filled

解析：選B。file a lawsuit against 對……提起訴訟。我以前貌似見過，反正半做半猜，對了。

28. Last March the ______ of a 19th century cargo ship was found by an underwater archaeological team.

A. debris

B. ruins

C. remains

D. wreck

解析：選D。wreck特指失事船隻、飛機、汽車的殘骸。我做對了，以前練聽力有一篇兩個國家爭奪失事船隻的所有權，印象很深。

29. She』s worn his designs on ______ occasions from red carpets to movie premieres.

A. countless

B. countable

C. numerical

D. numeral

解析：選A。countless表示「數不勝數的、無數的」，與occasions搭配表示很多場合countable可數的，numerical數字的、用數字表示的, numeral數字的。我做對了，因為華研書上有道題是區分countless,valuable, valueless等，所以對countless印象很深，知道他一定是「很多」之類的意思。

30. A leading ______ intelligence and operations company has released its analysis of worldwide reported incidents of piracy and crime against mariners.

A. oceangoing

B. oceanic

C. marine

D. maritime

解析:選D。我不會做，四個詞只有marine和maritime有點印象，還不確定到底是啥意思。語料庫里有C、D兩個選項的搭配，而C的詞頻稍微大一點點。有北科的同學問了外教，外教說都可以。評論區有同學找到了原文，原文是D。

III.試題分析

如下表按照基礎、拓展、拔高、生僻進行題目進行歸類、分級，會發現今年基礎題數量減少了，生僻題比例有所提升，這是大家黑這套題的原因之一。

另外，網傳「沒有語法，全是辭彙」說法不實，根據下表，語法題足足有9個，儘管難度都比以往的難、考查形式也截然不同，可語法還是實打實的佔了二分之一的比重。

IV.關於泄題答案

網傳泄題答案是：BDBDA DACBA ADCBB DACCD

我的自做答案是：CACBA DACBA CDDCB DBDAD

相同的只有10個，一首涼涼送給抄答案的同學，奈何人家聽力做的好！dictation、conversation給的答案還是很準的。

我的考場答案與我的自做答案相同的有13個，低於預期的15分，但夠到了及格線。