【論文】下午20分鐘的小睡對情緒、任務成績和腦電圖的影響

實驗目的：下午20分鐘的小睡對情緒、表現和腦電圖活動的影響

實驗方法：七名有正常睡眠習慣的年輕人參加了這項研究。他們經歷了間隔1周的午睡和不午睡條件。00:00–08:00夜間的睡眠記錄後，10:00至18:00間，每20分鐘記錄了他們在放鬆的清醒狀態下的腦電圖、情緒、任務成績和自我評分的任務成績。午睡條件下，被驗者14:00上床休息，並在腦波進入睡眠階段1起的20分鐘後被喚醒。在無午睡的條件下，他們坐在躺椅上休息。

實驗結果：所有被驗者都在在睡眠階段2被喚醒。20分鐘的小睡改善了他們的主觀困意、成績和對任務成績的自信心。午睡也抑制了覺醒睜眼時的α波活動。

結論：下午20分鐘的小睡對維持日間警惕水平有積極的影響。

原文：

The effects of a 20 min nap in the mid-afternoon on mood, performance and EEG activity

Mitsuo Hayashi*, Makiko Watanabe, Tadao Hori

Department of Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashi-hiroshima, Japan

Accepted for publication: 24 July 1998

Abstract

Objective: The aim of the study is to examine the effects of a 20 min nap in the mid-afternoon on mood, performance and EEG activities.

Methods: Seven young adults who had normal sleep–wake habits without habitual daytime napping participated in the study. They underwent Nap and No-nap conditions at intervals of 1 week. After a nocturnal sleep recording (00:00–08:00 h), their EEG recordings during relaxed wakefulness, and their mood, performance and self-ratings of performance level were measured every 20 min from 10:00 to 18:00 h. For the nap condition, they went to bed at 14:00 h and were awakened when 20 min had elapsed from the onset of sleep stage 1. For the No-nap condition, they took a rest without sleep by sitting on a semi-reclining chair.

Results: All of the subjects were awakened from sleep stage 2 during the nap. The 20 min nap improved the subjective sleepiness, performance level and self-confidence of their task performance. The nap also suppressed EEG alpha activity during eyes-open wakefulness.

Conclusions: The results suggest that a short 20 min nap in the mid-afternoon had positive effects upon the maintenance of the daytime vigilance level.

ó 1999 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

Keywords: Nap; Post-lunch dip; Daytime sleepiness; Performance; Vigilance; EEG alpha activity

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