列舉的問題，一定不要弄錯了

By CuffedRocker, 2018/01/26 @ 易言堂 (ID: easy-peasy)

列舉，或者說舉例子，在寫作中很常見。它的作用有幾種，例如解釋說明。

具體來說，舉例子可以列出某類事物的全部(完全列舉)或一部分(不完全列舉)。

• 不完全列舉：eg/e.g.; include/including; such as; to name/mention (but) a few; etc/etc.; and many others; and so on; you name it
• 完全列舉：ie/i.e.; that is (to say); namely; in other words

兩者不兼容!

• farm animals, i.e., pigs and sheet X (兩個例子，不完全列舉)
• Two men, e.g., John and Mike X (總共兩人，完全列舉)

拉丁語縮寫 eg/e.g. 和 ie/i.e. 最常見，下面具體對比一下。

e.g. vs. i.e.

Summary

完整形式

example given 和 in essence 是為了方便記憶

讀音

很少採用拉丁短語的發音

用途

ie/i.e. 用於補充信息時，不屬於列舉

• It happened on Jan. 19, i.e., a week ago. (補充信息)

格式

標點分隔

• He likes literature, e.g., novels, plays, and poems. (逗號之後是單詞或短語，不能是句子!)
• He likes literature; e.g., he likes novels, plays, and poems. (分號之後是獨立的句子)

符號分隔

• He likes literature (e.g., novels, plays, and poems).
• There were two men (i.e., John and Mike).

單獨成句

規則允許，但罕見

• He likes literature. E.g., he likes novels, plays, and poems.
• It happened on Jan. 19. I.e., it rained that day.

e.g. 或 i.e. 之後的逗號

• (英) He likes literature, e.g. novels, plays, and poems.
• (美) He likes literature, e.g., novels, plays, and poems.

e.g./i.e. 還是 eg/ie?

都沒問題，保持一致即可

其他

例如：

• The price is CNY100, including freight.
• The CNY100 price includes freight.
• Topics of history, literature etc
• Topics of history, literature, etc.
• Topics, such as history and literature
• Courses in math, chemistry and physics, to name but a few
• Courses in math, chemistry, physics and so on
• Courses in math, chemistry, physics and many others

Final Words

概況一下，一句話就夠了

回到開頭

列舉，或者說舉例子，在寫作中很常見。它的作用有幾種，例如解釋說明。

Making a list of things, i.e., / that is (to say), / in other words, / namely giving examples, is common in writing. It has a few uses, e.g., / including / such as offering explanations.

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