OSU建築史 （1）：建築史的內在邏輯

Why study architectural history?

效仿（Imitation）

Winckelmann ：Taste could be learned by imitation ("The History of Art in Anrtiquity" 1764)

溫克爾曼（普魯士，18世紀）：提高品位、審美能力的方法乃，觀察世界，提煉精髓，效法模仿

What is imitation by Winkelmann?

Not to copy or reproduce the appearance,but rather to understand the driving principles and approriate usage of the principles(criteria,programs,materials,so forth).

溫氏的「效仿」含義：非複製粘貼山寨，而是理解驅動性原則併合理運用（如考慮當前的標準、工藝程序、材料等）

效仿的典例：皇冠大廳（S. R. CROWN HALL，IIT，Mies，1956）與巴特農神殿（Parthenon） true structure, glop free

辯證史觀

Hegel(and Marx)s notion of Dialectic

黑格爾的史觀（比如 如何對待傳統建築，如何效仿，如何推陳出新，等等）——「辯證法」

Thesis(e.g.fork)+Antithesis(e.g.spoon)=Synthesis(e.g.spork)

Hegels construction of the dialectic/Progress in Art:

spiral progression upwards & forward(not linear nor cyclical)

In german, aufhebung:simultaneously overturning but also lifting up

In its most basic terms, thesis and antithesis coming together and producing a new thing that recast the terms of importance in both of the previous debate

「觀點」和「對立觀點」的統一或對立，而得到「綜合」

無論是建築，還是藝術，其發展就是這樣一個螺旋上升的過程

即「揚棄」（德語，aufhebung）

Hegelian progression：From matter to spirit,aming toward something that surpasses and outdoes the thing that came before it.

Casting it in architectural and artistic terms, the more it discards the material and becomes pure philosophy, pure idea, pure spirit.

黑格爾式的發展歷程，從物質走向精神

space displacing》space enclosing

platonic form as solid》 platonic form as void

Wolfflin,student of Hegel ancestrally,embedding dialectic in art history/theory

沃爾夫林的美術/設計理論，基於黑格爾的辯證法

效仿/辯證綜合的典範

imitation of high culture paradigm :Modernism

Barcelona Pavilion（Mies）》Parthenon

（Like R/B chair,pulling the thing apart and opening it up as a series of planes,shifting in space）

Villa Schwob（Corbu）Tugendhat house（Mies）》Villa Rotonda

the high modernists "imitation":taking to terms the essence of antiquity and reformulating it

Dialectical synthesis in Post Modernism:

dealing with legacy of history and modernism

現代主義和後現代主義都存在都傳統的「仿效」，而後現代主義還會對現代主義進行「仿效」

imitation of Low culture paradigm : Post Modernism

(subvert the paradigm with reference to low culture,rather than high culture,e.g.Monopoly House)

Vanna Venturi House(Venturi,c/1960)》Monopoly House

現代主義「效仿」高雅文化，後現代主義「效仿」大眾文化

Masion Rudin（Herzog & de Meuron）=Genric House + Corbu + Aldo Rossi

Schaulager s haptic golp: the material yield to pure space or pure spirit (Hegel)

Aldo Rossis critique of modernism:

history,memory,place,all of these things that architecture had as its core mission,were being discarded by the universalization of the architectural envelope in modernism

Rossis oneirc (as if in a dream) architecture,re-dreamt architecture

Vitrahaus:

type from Rossi,

syntax from ormolu ornament (3 dimensionalize the idea of ornament detail and made it become the point of depature for the entire building),

materiality from Mies/hign modernism in the Miesian box (fake story about structure honesty >logic )

辯證性綜合（dialectic synthesis）的典例

維特拉工廠建築

風格變化的本質——綜合

教授給年輕建築師的建議：

If you want to be famous, want to advance the discourse,you cannot do whats popular, but rather do the opposite of what is popular. By doing the opposite,you reframe things that came before you