永遠要按照「邏輯思路」寫英語段落

曾經有老外問一學生：Can you tell me something about your hometown? 學生回答：My hometown is Chongqing. It』s a beautiful city. The local food is delicious. The local girls are beautiful. And I love my hometown. 與老外交流時，老外內心往往會產生很多的問題。比如你說家鄉很漂亮，老外會想how beautiful? 你說當地東西好吃，老外會想how delicious? 但在實際交流過程中，很多同學往往還沒等老外弄明白就早已轉入了下一個話題，結果老外不知所云。英語是一門思維縝密重在邏輯的語言。無論英語寫作，還是與老外交流的時候，都需要呈現出完整的邏輯思路，而不能像很多同學那樣，中文想到哪裡，英語就翻譯到哪裡。

舉個寫作題目：有些人認為現在人們更加相互依賴；有些人認為現在人們更加獨立。討論並給出自己的觀點。

無論那種觀點，首先都需列出完整的邏輯脈絡。寫作構思最常用的是具體法，即首先想到某個例子或事實，然後引出理由或結果，並加以抽象概括或具體說明，從而形成一個完整的邏輯思路。比如，你支持現在人們更加相互依賴。邏輯關係如下：

依賴父母購房 ←房價太高—生活成本太高—生活複雜艱辛

依賴爺爺奶奶照看孩子←忙於工作←更好的生活方式，遠大抱負

首先你可以想到很多人依賴父母購房，接著找到原因即房價太高，並將其抽象化，即生活成本太高；然後再進一步抽象概括，即生活非常複雜艱辛。同時，你也可以想到父母依賴爺爺奶奶照看孩子，接著引出原因，即平時忙於工作。然後引出間接原因：他們想給家人提供更好的生活方式或者有遠大的抱負。

闡述理由的方法多種多樣，比如先因後果、先果後因，或者先抽象後具體、先具體後抽象等等。基於以上思路，我們可以寫出多個版本，參考下面兩個範例：

範例1：本段由生活複雜艱辛開始闡述：首先描述生活複雜艱辛以及生活成本太高。然後舉例說明：由於房價太高，沒有父母的幫助，年輕人購房時是無法支付定金和抵押貸款。

There are two main reasons why it could be argued that we are more dependent on each other now. （開始）Firstly, life is more complex and difficult, especially because the cost of living has increased so dramatically. For example, young adults tend to rely on their parents for help when buying a house. Property prices are higher than ever, and without help it would be impossible for many people to pay a deposit and a mortgage（結尾）. Secondly, people seem to be more ambitious nowadays, and they want a better quality of life for their families. This means that both parents usually need to work full-time, and they depend on support from grandparents and babysitters for child care.

範例2：本段由房價太高開始闡述：首先指出由於房價太高，年輕人在購房時要依賴父母的幫助。然後再加以抽象概括，即換句話說，現在生活成本太高了，生活變得複雜艱辛。

There are two main reasons why it could be argued that we are more dependent on each other now. （開始）Firstly, property prices for example, are higher than ever, and young adults tend to rely on their parents for help when buying a house. Without help it would be impossible for many people to pay a deposit and a mortgage. In other words, the cost of living has increased dramatically, and this has made life more complex and difficult（結尾）. Secondly, people seem to be more ambitious nowadays, and they want a better quality of life for their families. This means that both parents usually need to work full-time, and they depend on support from grandparents and babysitters for child care.

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