英語動詞時態用法歸納:過去將來時
一、基本結構
would+動詞原形。
二、基本用法
(1) 表示從過去某一時間來看將要發生的事情。常用於賓語從句中。如:
He said he would come. 他說他要來。
He told us he would go with us. 他告訴我們他會和我們一起去。
They were sure that they would win. 他們堅信他們會贏。
【注】在一定的語境中也可於其他從句或句子中:
It was a problem whether they would support us. 他們是否會支持我們還是一個問題。
It was six o』clock. The sun would soon set. 這時是六點鐘。太陽即將落山。
(2) 過去將來時常可用來表示過去習慣性的動作。如:
Whenever he had time, he would help his mother with the housework. 他一有時間就幫媽媽做家務活。
(3) 還可用來表示願望或傾向。如:
He told me that the machine wouldn』t work. 他告訴我機器開不動。
We knew that he would never permit such a thing. 我們知道他決不會允許發生這樣的事。
三、過去將來時間的幾種常見表達方式
(1) was (were) going to+動詞原形。
①表示過去某時準備做某事。如:
Marsha said she was going to have a try. 瑪莎說她準備試試。
He was going to leave when I came in. 我進來時他正要離開。
②was going to有時可表示過去未曾實現的想法或打算。如:
I was going to see you last night, but I was too busy. 我昨晚本想去看你的,但太忙了。
(2) was (were)+不定式。
①表示定於過去某時將要做某事。如:
He told me that we were to leave at 2:30pm.他告訴我我們下午兩點半動身。
He was to meet her at 10 outside the cinema. 他約定和她10點鐘在電影院外見面。
②若表示過去沒有實現或被取消的計劃,則用was (were) to+動詞完成式。如:
We were to have left at 6 last night. 我們本來計劃昨晚6點離開的。
(3)was / were about+不定式在過去正要做某事。如:
I was just about to start when it began to rain. 我正要動身,這是天下起了雨。
The manager was about to leave when his secretary called him back. 經理快要離開時,他的秘書叫住了他。
(4) 用一般過去時表過去將來時。如:
Our teacher told us that school began on September 1. 老師告訴我們九月一號開學。
(5) 用過去進行時表將來時。如:
I didn』t know when you they were coming again.
(6) was (were) due to表示定於過去某時將要做某事。如:
They were due to leave at ten o』clock. 他們定於十點出發。
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