空間數據平台整理

初步整理常用的各類地理空間數據平台。包括GIS、RS、土壤、氣象、水文等。

2018年3月18日 更新

1. 綜合類

國家地球系統科學數據共享平台

國家地球系統科學數據共享平台首頁?

www.geodata.cn

申請或直接下載

大氣圈、陸地表層、陸地水圈、冰凍圈、自然資源、海洋、極地、固體地球、古環境、日地空間環境與天文、遙感數據

寒區旱區科學數據中心

寒區旱區科學數據中心 - 首頁?

westdc.westgis.ac.cn

全球變化科學研究數據出版系統

全球變化科學研究數據出版系統?

www.geodoi.ac.cn

直接下載，發表成果時引用

中科院資源環境科學數據中心

中國科學院資源環境科學數據中心?

www.resdc.cn

網站VIP會員可以免費下載數據，網站將對會員施行VIP身份認證，通過認證的 VIP會員就可以下載網站的所有數據。

部分有償

中國行政區劃數據、自然地理分區數據、中國氣象要素空間插值數據、中國土地利用數據、中國陸地生態系統宏觀結構數據、植被類型數據、土壤數據、社會經濟數據、城市空氣質量監測數據、中國凈第一性生產力NPP數據、高解析度衛星遙感影像數據、中解析度衛星遙感影像數據、全球100萬基礎地理數據、地形地貌數據、中國長時間序列1公里植被指數（NDVI）數據集、中國水系流域空間分布數據集、中國農田生產潛力數據、全球夜間燈光數據

國家遙感中心 GEO共享數據列表

中華人民共和國科學技術部國家遙感中心?

www.nrscc.gov.cn

裡面列舉了近21年表面太陽輻射數據、CEOS陸地表面中解析度光學影像、全球陸地覆蓋地球科學數據（包括SRTM、GTOPO30）、EROS數據服務、全球ASTER G-DEM數據、地球系統圖集 等的數據服務地址

Data Ordering Tools & Resources

https://modis.gsfc.nasa.gov/tools/?

modis.gsfc.nasa.gov

• AppEEARS
• Earth Data
• Earthdata Search
• USGS EarthExplorer
• EOS Clearing House (ECHO) / Reverb
• Giovanni 或 http://disc.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/giovanni/overview
• Global Change Master Directory (GCMD)
• HDF-EOS to GeoTIFF converter (HEG)
• HDFExplorer & HDFLook
• HDF Technologies
• LP DAAC2Disk Download Manager
• McIDAS
• MODIS Atmosphere Global Browse Images
• MODIS Interactive Subsetting Tool (MIST)
• MODIS Land Global Browse Images
• MODIS Land QA tutorials
• MODIS Level 1 Atmosphere Archive and Distribution System (LAADS Web)
• MODIS LDOPE QA Tools
• MODIS Swath-to-Grid Toolbox (MS2GT)
• MODIS Swath Reprojection Tool (MRT Swath) and MODIS Reprojection Tool (MRT)https://lpdaac.usgs.gov/tools/modis_reprojection_tool
• MODIS Web Service
• ORNL DAAC MODIS Land Products Subsetting and Visualization Tools
• WorldView

Geospatial Platform

https://www.geoplatform.gov/?

www.geoplatform.gov

The GeoPlatform provides shared and trusted geospatial data, services, and applications for use by the public and by government agencies and partners to meet their mission needs.

NEO

NASA Earth Observation

NASA Earth Observations (NEO)?

neo.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov

Atmosphere/Energy/Land/Life/Ocean

NASA Earth Observation Data

Earth Observation Data | Earthdata?

earthdata.nasa.gov

NOAA Geospatial Data and Services

Geospatial Data and Services?

maps.ngdc.noaa.gov

提供REST、WMS服務

NOAA CLASS

https://www.class.ngdc.noaa.gov/saa/products/welcome?

www.class.ngdc.noaa.gov

The Comprehensive Large Array-data Stewardship System (CLASS) is an electronic library of NOAA environmental data. This web site provides capabilities for finding and obtaining those data.

CLASS is NOAAs premiere on-line facility for the distribution of NOAA and US Department of Defense (DoD) Polar-orbiting Operational Environmental Satellite (POES) data, NOAAs Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) data, and derived data.

NEODAAS

The NERC Earth Observation Data Acquisition and Analysis Service?

www.neodaas.ac.uk

NEODAAS is a unique service providing Earth observation data to support and inform a wide range of scientific sectors, including water quality, meteorology, habitat monitoring, volcano research and monitoring, aquaculture, transport, and recreation.

IPUMS Terra

IPUMS Terra?

www.terrapop.org

IPUMS Terra integrates population and environmental data across disciplinary scientific domains, enabling research into dramatic transformations of human populations, the environment, and their interactions.

IPUMS stands for data integrated across time, space and scientific domains. IPUMS makes it easy to study change and conduct comparative research--by imposing consistent codes, supplying detailed documentation, and creating customized datasets. Data and services are available free of charge

DataONE

https://www.dataone.org/?

www.dataone.org

Data Observation Network for Earth (DataONE) is the foundation of new innovative environmental science through a distributed framework and sustainable cyberinfrastructure that meets the needs of science and society for open, persistent, robust, and secure access to well-described and easily discovered Earth observational data.

Supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation (Phase 1 Grant #ACI-0830944, Phase 2 Grant #ACI-1430508) as one of the initial DataNets, DataONE will ensure the preservation, access, use and reuse of multi-scale, multi-discipline, and multi-national science data via three primary cyberinfrastucture elements and a broad education and outreach program.

GEOSS

GEOSS Portal?

www.geoportal.org

National Geoscience Data Centre

National Geoscience Data Centre?

www.bgs.ac.uk

2. GIS/RS 空間數據類

全國地理信息資源目錄服務系統

全國地理信息資源目錄服務系統?

www.webmap.cn

國家測繪地理信息局標準地圖服務

標準地圖服務系統 - 國家測繪地理信息局?

bzdt.nasg.gov.cn

標準地圖依據中國和世界各國國界線畫法標準編製而成，可用於新聞宣傳用圖、書刊報紙插圖、廣告展示背景圖、工藝品設計底圖等，也可作為編製公開版地圖的參考底圖。社會公眾可以免費瀏覽、下載標準地圖，直接使用標準地圖時需要標註審圖號。

標準地圖有JPG、EPS兩種數據格式，地圖幅面分為64開、32開、16開、8開等。需要編輯EPS格式地圖時，建議使用Adobe Illustra軟體。對地圖內容編輯(包括放大、縮小和裁切)改動的，公開使用前需要送測繪地理信息行政主管部門審核。

目前發布的標準地圖包括中國地圖83幅，世界地圖51幅，專題13幅，中國地圖和世界地圖自助數據各1幅。

NCSU GIS/MEA582 推薦免費在線數據

Geospatial Modeling and Analysis?

ncsu-geoforall-lab.github.io

• 通用資源
• Data.gov, a general U.S. Government open data catalog
• USGS National map
• NC OneMap
• NC Spatial Data Download: QL2 2014 LiDAR data
• Google Earth
• Google Earth Engine
• 地形地貌 Topography
• USGS NED, NLCD from National Map Viewer (NED – National Elevation Data, NLCD – National Land Cover Data)
• Elevation derivatives for National Applications (EDNA)
• USGS LIDAR Products
• Digital Coast
• SRTM Shuttle Radar Topography Mission
• SRTM V4 Data: Global DEM
• OpenTopography, lidar data (includes e.g. Haiti earthquake)
• Lidar online: sharing lidar data from all over the world
• 自然與環境條件數據 Natural and environmental conditions
• USGS Global Land cover data portal
• Open Land service (China, GEO, ISPRS) Global Land cover data portal
• LANDEX: map locations with similar land cover pattern
• LANDSAT imagery: global locator
• USGS Emergency Response (HDDS), hazards data
• State Climatology Office
• North Carolina groundwater data
• Real-time water data (streams and lakes)
• EPA surf your watershed
• EPA Air quality
• USDA natural resources data
• MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer)
• 社會經濟、能源、交通 Socio-economic conditions, energy, transportation
• OpenStreetMap
• City Data
• Census 2010 data
• Renewable energy calculator
• Project sunroof by Google
• Photovoltaic WebGIS
• iMAPS: Wake county GIS
• Real-time tracking of wolfline buses

USGS Geo Data Portal

USGS Geo Data Portal?

cida.usgs.gov

The Geo Data Portal (GDP) provides access to numerous datasets, including gridded data for climate and land use. Datasets can be subsetted or sumarized before download using several algorithms, and these algorithms can also be applied to other datasets hosted elsewhere.

Users can interact with the GDP through the tools listed below.

pyGDP/GDP web/geonife

pyGDP 提供快速、簡便的調用USGS GeoData Portal數據的方式

pyGDP 支持的演算法: - FeatureCategoricalGridCoverage - FeatureWeightedGridStatistics - FeatureCoverageOPenDap - FeatureCoverageWCSIntersection

INSPIRE GEOPORTAL

INSPIRE Geoportal?

inspire-geoportal.ec.europa.eu

地理空間數據云

地理空間數據云?

www.gscloud.cn

免費數據包括：

• Landsat系列
• modis陸地標準產品、modis中國合成產品、modis 1b 標準產品
• DEM數字高程數據
• NOAAA VHRR數據產品
• 大氣污染插值數據
• Sentinel 數據
• TRMM系列數據

ASTER GDEM

https://gdex.cr.usgs.gov/gdex/?

gdex.cr.usgs.gov

也包括SRTM

SRTM

CGIAR-CSI SRTM 90m DEM Digital Elevation Database?

srtm.csi.cgiar.orgShuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM)?

lta.cr.usgs.gov

OpenTopography

OpenTopography for Developers?

www.opentopography.org

SRTM的 RESTful Web 服務

cgiar-csi |Consortium for Spatial Information

Consortium for Spatial Information?

www.cgiar-csi.org

包含 SRTM 90m

Virtual Terrain Project

Virtual Terrain Project?

vterrain.org

Google Maps API - Elevation API

https://developers.google.com/maps/documentation/elevation/intro?

developers.google.com

通過一個簡單的介面查詢地球上各個位置的海拔高度數據。此外，還可以請求路徑沿途的抽樣海拔高度數據，以便計算路線沿途的海拔高度變化。

Bing Map Elevations API

Elevations API?

msdn.microsoft.com

Natural Resources Canada Elevation API

http://geogratis.gc.ca/site/eng/elevation?

geogratis.gc.ca

MapQuest Open Elevation API

Open Elevation API - Overview?

developer.mapquest.com

MSDIS

MSDIS?

msdis.missouri.eduhttps://modis.ornl.gov/?

modis.ornl.gov

MSDIS is responsible for data storage and access, standardization of both digital and tabular data, creation of the data dictionary, compilation of metadata, and statewide GIS user information networks.

MODIS WebService

MODIS Web Service?

modis.ornl.gov

WorldDEM

高精度商業數據

http://www.intelligence-airbusds.com/worlddem/?

www.intelligence-airbusds.com

遙感數據

Copernicus Open Access Hub

https://scihub.copernicus.eu/dhus/#/home?

scihub.copernicus.eu

3. 水文數據

水利部信息中心（監測數據）

水利部信息中心（水利部水文水資源監測預報中心）?

xxzx.mwr.gov.cn

CUAHSI

- CUAHSI HIS HydroClient?

data.cuahsi.org

提供地圖檢索、數據WebService

National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC)

National Snow and Ice Data Center?

nsidc.org

The National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC) supports research into our world』s frozen realms: the snow, ice, glaciers, frozen ground, and climate interactions that make up Earth』s cryosphere. NSIDC manages and distributes scientific data, creates tools for data access, supports data users, performs scientific research, and educates the public about the cryosphere.

great lakes observing system

https://www.glos.us/?

www.glos.us

GLOS works to make real-time and historical data publicly available to the larger Great Lakes community, benefiting data users and decision makers

water data portal

http://waterdata.iwmi.org/?

waterdata.iwmi.org

The International Water Management Institute (IWMI) has been doing research on water for the last 30 years. Being a non-profit research organization all the research outputs and data used for the research are shared with researchers across the globe as a global public goods (GPGs).

The Water Data Portal (WDP), following "one-stop shop" approach, provides access to a large amount of data related to water and agriculture. WDP contains meteorological, hydrological, socio-economic, spatial data layer, satellite images as well as hydrological model setups. The data in the WDP, both spatial & non-spatial, are supported by the standardized metadata and are available for download by user including academia, scientists, researchers and decision makers. However, access is provided in compliance with copyrights, intellectual property rights and data agreements with our partners.

The portal is maintained by GIS, RS and Data Management (GRandD) Unit to facilitate sharing and reuse of data.

4. 氣象/天氣數據

中國氣象數據網

中國氣象數據網?

data.cma.cn

National Weather Service

GIS?

www.weather.gov

Climate Data Online

https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/cdo-web/?

www.ncdc.noaa.gov

5. 土壤數據

中國土壤科學資料庫

中國土壤資料庫?

vdb3.soil.csdb.cn

開放在線查詢或離線申請

土壤資源資料庫、肥力資料庫、環境資料庫、生物資料庫、典型地域土壤資料庫、重大項目專題資料庫

中國土種資料庫檢索

Harmonized World Soil Database

Harmonized world soil database v1.2?

www.fao.org

世界土壤資料庫，可直接下載

Web Soil Survey

https://websoilsurvey.sc.egov.usda.gov/App/HomePage.htm?

websoilsurvey.sc.egov.usda.gov

UK Soil Observatory (UKSO)

英國土壤數據檢索入口。可以免費下載或通過數據Web服務獲取數據