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【蓋茨比3】原來Nick還是個高富帥呀~

今天咱們看看Nick是怎樣離Gatsby更近一步的。

My family have been prominent, well-to-do people in this middle-western city for three generations. The Carraways are something of a clan and we have a tradition that were descended from the Dukes of Buccleuch, but the actual founder of my line was my grandfathers brother who came here in fifty-one, sent asubstitute① to the Civil War and started the wholesale hardware business that my father carries on today.

(Dukes of Buccleuch)

①Substitute這個詞沒什麼引申含義,就是看前綴和詞根用的比較多,小說一句。Sub-和那一堆以su開頭加個輔音的,比如suc-,suf-,sup-等等的都是在下面的位置或是自下而上的運動,比如subordinate(下屬),succumb(被壓垮,屈服),sublime崇高的,supreme最高的,很有意思,很多英語的詞根詞綴都有完全相反的兩種意思,比如bl又是黑又是白,前輩們起名叫反義詞根、反義同源,咱們不管叫什麼,背詞的時候注意一下就能事半功倍呀。Stit的詞根,乍一看很眼熟,長的像stand,還有一堆比如st,sta,sist之類的詞根都是一樣的意思,就是站立。突然想到了毛主席站在天安門上振臂一揮,宣布中國人民從此站起來了!然後好像就能理解為什麼巴基斯坦Pakistan、阿富漢Afghanistan等國家的名字里都有stan了,很正能量的名字呀。這個詞根也很重要,派生出了一系列常用辭彙,應用簡直太廣了,所以有興趣的可以自行百度之……說了半天,這個substitute是什麼意思,你猜出來沒?

I never saw this great-uncle but Im supposed to look like him--with special reference to the rather hard-boiled② painting that hangs in Fathers office. I graduated from New Haven③ in 1915, just a quarter of a century after my father, and a little later I participated in that delayed Teutonic migration④ known as the Great War. I enjoyed the counter-raid so thoroughly that I came back restless. Instead of being the warm center of the world the middle-west now seemed like the ragged edge of the universe--so I decided to go east and learn the bond business. Everybody I knew was in the bond business so I supposed it could support one more single man. All my aunts and uncles talked it over as if they were choosing a prep-school for me and finally said, "Why--yees" with very grave, hesitant faces. Father agreed to finance me for a year and after various delays I came east, permanently, I thought,⑤ in the spring of twenty-two.

②hard-boiled 原意指雞蛋煮的時間長了,煮老了,煮硬了,形容人的時候就指的是板著臉,比較強硬無情的人。

③耶魯大學的所在地,在此指代耶魯大學。

④Teutonic日耳曼人的一個分支,條頓人,一直用來指代日耳曼人,日耳曼大遷徙是指4到6世紀日耳曼人向羅馬帝國境內的遷徙,加速了西羅馬帝國奴隸制的瓦解,逐步進入封建社會。這裡的延遲的日耳曼大遷徙其實是比喻的說法,指代第一次世界大戰,也就是後面說的the great war,這樣後面的counter-raid反擊戰就很好理解了。

⑤雖然在分析語法的時候我們經常把插入語忽略,但是從句意上來講,插入語又何嘗不是一種強調呢,這裡寫到「永遠的」「我認為」其實就是埋下的伏筆,Nick認為此去東部就再也不會回來,但事實是怎麼樣的呢?會是Nick所想么?

The practical thing was to find rooms in the city but it was a warm season and I had just left a country of wide lawns and friendly trees, so when a young man at the office suggested that we take a house together in a commuting town⑥ it sounded like a great idea. He found the house, a weather beaten cardboard bungalow at eighty a month, but at the last minute the firm ordered him to Washington and I went out to the country alone. I had a dog, at least I had him for a few days until he ran away, and an old Dodge and a Finnish woman who made my bed and cooked breakfast and muttered Finnish wisdom to herself over the electric stove.

(bungalow)

⑥commute指通勤,乘公交車上下班,這裡的通勤鎮其實就指城市的近郊,需要乘車往返的。

是不是感覺今天這幾段簡單了不少,文字雖然簡單,但承載的信息卻不少,從表面上看,Nick來到了東部,給和Gatsby的相識打下了基礎,便於開展後面的故事,但你有沒有想過Nick為什麼要去東部呢?文中提到Nick認為中西部再也不是溫暖的中心了,更像是荒涼的邊緣,好像可以略見端倪。咱再繼續分析一下,Nick在描述自己經歷的時候提到,1915年從耶魯畢業之後又去參加了一戰,那整個故事的背景應該是一戰之後。那時候對民主和自由滿懷憧憬與壯志的青年從戰場上回到美國,卻發現社會和自己所想像的完全不一樣,所以心中充滿迷茫和浮躁,迫不及待的想打破舊有道德的束縛,追求自己心中的「美國夢」,所以1920年代也被稱為「迷惘的一代」。和一戰前類似於維多利亞時代追求簡樸節制清教徒式的生活完全不一樣,這代人中盛行享樂主義,以追求物質生活為目標。而且,美國社會的中西部和東部也存在發展不平衡,中西部是落後的、道德約束較強的代表,而東部則是繁華的象徵,一大批一大批的中西部青年前赴後繼的到紙醉金迷的東部尋找自己的「美國夢」。Nick就是其中的一個,雖然對自己的道德標準比較高,但依然抗拒不了物質的誘惑,懷著和故鄉訣別的心毅然決然的開赴東部。

從上期Nick對Gatsby的評論,我們可以看出Gatsby最終的夢碎,Nick的結局好像也現出了端倪,到底發生了什麼呢?也許只有讀完這本書才能夠解釋了。

P.s.由於本人才疏學淺,以及對文章的理解不甚到位,肯定會有各種各樣的問題,歡迎交流提意見,但是小女子我一顆玻璃心,勿噴輕拍,畢竟咱主要的目的是樂呵呵的看會兒書,是吧~


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