雅思培訓丨雅思聽力地圖題應該這樣做

2014年雅思聽力的地圖題平均一個月出現一次,2015年平均一個月出現兩次。2016年1月(包括AB卷)出現了3次,2月份至今平均一個月出現2-3次地圖題。由此可見,地圖題是萬千烤鴨想考取高分時必須攻克的題型。縱觀往年真題結合劍橋真題不難發現,地圖題題型也是慢慢變化著的,由早期的填空型的地圖題慢慢演變成了配對型的地圖題,這也是為什麼近年來總結題型時會把地圖題歸在選擇題題型裡面的原因。

地圖題分類:

? 方位性的地圖題:上次說到方位詞的第三種用法便是其在地圖題中發揮的作用。自然而然的有一種地圖題是有指南針標識的,所以會出現各種方位詞。參考C922的地圖題可以看到非常清楚的compass(指南針)標識。

? 上下(左右)結構的地圖題。上下左右結構的圖可以參考下圖C412, 左右結構的圖可以參考C632。

? 交通構造類,參考C842。

? 室內結構類,參考C1021(海外版)。

一、解決方位性的地圖題

我們先來複習一下方位詞的名詞:north, south, west, east

形容詞:northern, southern, western, eastern

除此以外,我們需要熟悉表示東南東北西南西北方向的方位詞:southeast, northeast, southwest, northwest. 這些合成詞具有名詞及形容詞詞性,表示方向。South east如果單詞分開時為名詞詞性,表達地區,東南地區。

另外需要注意的是southern part(形容詞+名詞的表達方式)e.g. southern part of the park=south of the park, western section of the park=west of the park.

Hinchingbrooke Park

解決了這些問題,我們需要用最快的速度審題(默讀出地圖題中出現的所有單詞)能幫助我們聽到該詞的時候迅速定位。

審題要素:

[1.] 出現的單詞:east gate, west gate, lake, refreshments(熟悉該單詞的同學應該知道它指的是snacks and drinks, 茶點,所以它不是一個地點名詞)

[2.] 審查17-20(都是地點名詞可以很好的定位)

[3.] 圖中出現小路:小路/小徑的表達方式:path, route(路線)alley, lane

[4.] 圖中出現典型的形狀:我們有必要普及下常考的形狀的單詞:

圓形:round, rounded shape, circle. n. circular. adj. circular shape

正方形:square

矩形:rectangle n. rectangular adj. rectangular shape

其他形狀:oval橢圓,dome圓屋頂,diamond菱形

我們在聽題後會發現它說you can see two gates into the park, and the main paths, as you can see, there』s a lake in the north west of the park(公園西北部), with a 17. bird hide to the west of it(湖的西部), at the end of a path(在路的盡頭). Fairly close to where refreshments are available(靠近可以得到茶點的地方), there』s a 18.dog-walking area in the southern part of the park(公園的南部). 19. The flower garden, that』s the circular area(圓形區域) on the map surrounded by paths. There』s a 20.wooded area in the western section of the park(公園西部), between two paths.

NB. 紅體字部分是我們重點強調過的也是需要大家能熟悉掌握最終可以為我們所用的內容。

其他典型的方位性的地圖題大家可以參考C822, C742。

二、解決上下(左右)結構的地圖題

下圖是C412的地圖題(14-20)

參照方位詞的結構我們可以畫出上下左右結構top, bottom, left and right, 以及左上(top left), 右上(top right), 左下(bottom left), 右下(bottom right)。

這個圖可以很快幫我們定位到我們對應的題。值得注意的是這道題是填空型的地圖題而非目前常考的配對型地圖題,但是總結該題的規律及生詞對我們應對其他地圖題會有很大幫助。

審題順序:

1. 仍然是迅速觀察地圖題中已給的地點名詞。

2. 14題的標誌以及箭頭提示我們該題開始的位置就是14題。如果套用我們的上下左右結構圖,便會聽到bottom, 15, 16題分別是我們的right and left side, 然後17題位置是top right (hand) corner, 然後是18題說出位置top right hand corner, 和18題對稱的是grinding shop, 所以不聽題大概能推斷這麼多。

聽題的時候會發現:

On the left, you can see the river, running along the bottom is 14. Woodside road, now we are standing at the entrance, immediately to our right is the 15. xxxxxxxxxx..........in front of us(我們的前面)is the car park, on the left, by(緊挨著) the entry gate替換了entrance is the 16. xxxxxxx. Beyond the car park, all the buildings are arranged in a half circle with a yard in the middle. The big stone building at the top is the 17. xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx, that』s where the furnace is and where all the metal was smelted and the tools were cast(單詞需要掌握), .......now, in the top right-hand corner, that building with bigger windows is the 18. xxxxxxxx. Where samples of all the tools were made through the ages are on display. In the top left corner is the Grinding shop, where the tools were sharpened and finished. And on one side of that you can see the Engine room and on the other is the 19. xxxx. The row of buildings you can see on the left are the 20. xxxxxxx

NB. By=next to=besides緊挨著不同於close to

Entrance=entry gate

On one side of A, and on the other (side) 此處省略了side這個單詞,為了避免重複。

左右結構的地圖題C632

審題順序:左右結構可以在左側標記L.右側標記R.

根據箭頭提示應該是從information center出發。

小路:path, alley, route(路線), lane上面已經提到過一次。

箭頭:arrow

拐角:corner

=: F, 和house =門,即gate/door/entry gate/entrance/exit/access

側門我們叫side gate/door/entrance

這道題我們可以正常做一遍,一般上課我講的話會讓學生們蓋住下面的14-17題,讓學生寫出聽到的單詞。

比如:Here we are the information center, following the path marked with the arrow. And the first area you come to is the orchard(果園) on your left. As you go further down the path, there』s the kitchen garden(菜園子) on the right and as you go round the first sharp corner you will find, to your left, an area where different types of pear tree have been planted as well as some lovely flowers. And this is known as pear alley.

Next to this is the greenhouse(溫室) where some exotic(外來的) plants and fruits are grown, follow the path round the second corner and on your right you will see the entrance to the mulberry garden. Past the mulberry garden, follow the path until you reach the front of the house.(所以我們可以推斷出房子的前門後面back of the house, 側門side entrance) If you would like to purchase any of George』s books or other souvenirs, then leave the house by the side entrance, where you will find our shop, which is situated between the house and the garage,......visit the tea room on the far side of the garage.

大家需要注意紅色字體標出的部分。

Next to=by=besides(前面已經提到過一次,在我們劍橋書的填空題中經常出現替換,參考C911第3題,C641第8題)

Exotic外來的外星球的,考過invasions of exotic species

三、交通構造類的地圖題

審題要素:十字路口的表達方式:cross, crossing

路口交叉路口的表達方式,intersection, corner, junction

E.g. B is at the junction of Hill Street and Evelyn Street.

D is at the corner of Thomas street and Carberry Street.

另外此題要注意題干即14-20會不會出現替換的現象。

此處和大家分享下替換詞的用法:

Trees我們可以想到plants或者具體的樹,還有一種替換是樹多了成林(forests),林多了可以提供樹蔭即sunshade & shelter。

Wider footpaths (pavements)

Colored road surface (colored=painted, 或者刷成一種特殊的顏色,color the road surface into red/white color)

New sigh, 注意new的替換

Traffic lights不好替換

Artwork可以是具體的一種藝術品

Children』s playground沒有發生替換

四、室內結構的地圖題

這道題是江湖上流傳的海外版劍十的題,是很有可能被再次考到的套題,且S1出現地圖題。題目非常簡單,但是都是套路。

entrance下面有個street看不太清楚。

我們需要幫1.2.3題找到合適的位置。

審題順序:

1. 給出的單詞有videos, video recorders, entrance, street, sales area, CDs and stockroom;

2. 門口開始的點;

3. 注意video和video recorders的一點點區別。

聽題:由於是S1, 給了例子。

We come from the street and stand at the entrance, as we go to the right of this door, the keyboards can go to the shelves(書架常考詞)against the wall, they will not by the CDs, they will by the window, people will be able to see them from the street.

DVD players next to the video recorders,所以我們知道是C或者D。If they against the front window....所以我們知道此題選C。

DVDS next to the videos, if they against the side walls....

Portable CD players, I want the portable CD players in a more prominent(顯眼的) position, they can go to the back of the sales area, put them on the shelves facing the entrance.....

通過這道地圖題我們需要掌握:

By/next to/besides(前面已經出現多次)

同時要注意排除,not besides, not by ....they will by the......

背對against, against the window,和facing/opposite 正好相反。

Back of the sales area, 它的替換behind。

Tips: facing/opposite常考,在審題的時候如果發現地圖題中在門口entrance的對面有出題點比如F, 那麼該選項很有可能是答案之一,所以一定要自己記下facing/opposite,一旦聽到了facing the entrance自然而然就知道了這道題的位置。

綜上所述,我們詳細的講解了四種地圖題型,方位性地圖題,上下(左右)結構地圖題,交通構造類地圖題及室內結構地圖題,結合以往的真題其實不難發現室內結構類的地圖題是考官特別青睞的題型。我們發現每種地圖題都有它相應的表達方式需要我們掌握,但是它們並不是完全孤立的。它們有相同的相交叉的表達方式。

下面我們看一下今年考過的地圖題。

2016年5月21日地圖題

單詞不是很清楚,可以看清楚左上角是parking lot, 右下角也是一個parking lot。可以看到自己的位置,you are here.

11. Swimming pool---F

12. Boat rental center---A租船的在最左上角的海邊,警惕這可能會出現top left corner

13. Model fashion center---B

Top right corner of center square

14. Tithi restaurant ---X

Bike for hire---H 右下停車場旁邊是bike for lease

2016年1月24日地圖題

15. Bank opposite to agency

16. House in front of the pool

17. Hostel cross at the high street and west street

18. flat 說去city那條路的第一個路口左邊不用經過before cross

19. post office 說west street那條路右邊

20. bus stop agency的右邊不用過馬路

補充說明兩條斜十字交叉的主幹道west street V.s. St. Ann』s road, 出發點為property agency, 旁邊是pool, 右上角通往city center, 上方St. Ann盡頭為學校。)

觀察這兩個地圖題其實不難發現都有我們上面整理的一些考點詞,比如opposite, in front of the pool, hotel is at the cross of high street and west street, post office is on the right of west street. ........

所以我們平時注意地圖題表達方式的積累,做題的時候認真審題,熟練掌握這些表達方式並熟悉它的發音,相信地圖題一定可以在我們獲取高分的路上助我們一臂之力!
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