NBA比賽里的暫停有什麼講究？

03-26

比如在什麼情況下應該暫停？暫停的時候應該怎麼布置？
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關於暫停，先給你些nba官方規定吧

Section VI-20-Second Timeout
A players request for a 20-second timeout shall be granted only when the ball is dead or in control of the team making the request. A request at any other time shall be ignored.

EXCEPTION: The head coach may request a 20-second timeout if there is a suspension of play to administer Comments on the Rules-N-Guidelines for Infection Control.
a. Each team is entitled to one (1) 20-second timeout per half for a total of two (2) per game, including overtimes.
b. During a 20-second timeout a team may only substitute for one player. If the team calling the 20-second timeout replaces a player, the opposing team may also replace one player.
EXCEPTION: In the last two minutes of the fourth period and/or any overtime period, free substitution is permitted by both teams.
c. If a second 20-second timeout is requested during a half (including over-times), it shall be granted. It will automatically become a charged regular timeout. Overtimes are considered to be an extension of the second half.
d. The official shall instruct the timer to record the 20 seconds and to inform him when the time has expired. An additional regular timeout will be charged if play is unable to resume at the expiration of that 20-second time limit.
EXCEPTION: No regular timeout remaining and an injured player on the court.
e. This rule may be used for any reason, including a request for a rule interpretation. If the correction is sustained, no timeout shall be charged.
f. Players should say "20-second timeout" when requesting this time.
g. If a 20-second timeout is requested by the offensive team during the last two minutes of the fourth period and/or any overtime period and (1) the ball is out-of-bounds in the backcourt (except for a suspension of play), or (2) after securing the ball from a rebound and prior to any advance of the ball, or (3) after the offensive team secures the ball from a change of possession and prior to any advance of the ball, the timeout should be granted. Upon resumption of play, the team granted the timeout shall have the option of putting the ball into play at the 28 hash mark in the frontcourt or at the designated spot out-of-bounds. If the ball is put into play at the hash mark, the ball may be passed into either the frontcourt or backcourt. If it is passed into the backcourt, the team will receive a new 8-second count.

h. If a 20-second timeout has been granted and a mandatory timeout by the same team is due, only the mandatory timeout will be charged.
i. A 20-second timeout shall not be granted to the defensive team during an officials suspension-of-play for (1) delay-of-game warning, (2) retrieving an errant ball, (3) an inadvertent whistle or (4) any other unusual circumstance.
EXCEPTION: Suspension of play for a player bleeding. See Comments on the Rules-N.
Section VII-Regular Timeout-100/60 Seconds A players request for a timeout shall be granted only when the ball is dead or in control of the team making the request. A request at any other time shall be ignored.
EXCEPTION: The head coach may request a regular timeout if there is a suspension of play to administer Comments on the Rules-N-Guidelines for Infection Control.
a. Each team is entitled to six (6) charged timeouts during regulation play. Each team is limited to no more than three (3) timeouts in the fourth period and no more than two (2) timeouts in the last two minutes of regulation play. (This is in addition to one 20-second timeout per half.)
b. During a regular timeout, both teams may have unlimited substitutions.
c. In overtime periods each team shall be allowed three (3) 60-second timeouts regardless of the number of timeouts called or remaining during regulation play or previous overtimes. Teams are permitted no more than two timeouts in the last two minutes of the period.
d. There must be two 100-second timeouts in the first and third periods and three 100-second timeouts in the second and fourth periods. If neither team has taken a timeout prior to 5:59 of the first or third period, it shall be mandatory for the Official Scorer to take it at the first dead ball and charge it to the home team. If no subsequent timeouts are taken prior to 2:59, it shall be mandatory for the Official Scorer to take it and charge it to the team not previously charged. If neither team has taken a timeout prior to 8:59 of the second or fourth period, a mandatory timeout will be called by the Official Scorer and charged to neither team. If there are no subsequent timeouts taken prior to 5:59, it shall be mandatory for the Official Scorer to take it at the first dead ball and charge it to the home team. If no subsequent timeouts are taken prior to 2:59, it shall be mandatory for the Official Scorer to take it and charge it to the team not previously charged. The Official Scorer shall notify a team when it has been charged with a mandatory timeout. Any additional timeouts in a period beyond those which are mandatory shall be 60 seconds. No regular or mandatory timeout shall be granted to the defensive team during an officials suspension-of-play for (1) a delay-of-game warning, (2) retrieving an errant ball, (3) an inadvertent whistle, or (4) any other unusual circumstance.
EXCEPTION: Suspension-of-play for Infection Control. See Comments on the Rules-N.

e. If a regular or mandatory timeout is awarded the offensive team during the last two minutes of the fourth period and/or any overtime period and (1) the ball is out-of-bounds in the backcourt (except for a suspension of play), or (2) after securing the ball from a rebound and prior to any advance of the ball, or (3) after securing the ball from a change of possession and prior to any advance of the ball, the timeout shall be granted. Upon resumption of play, the team granted the timeout shall have the option of putting the ball into play at the 28 hash mark in the frontcourt, or at the designated spot out-of-bounds. If the ball is put into play at the hash mark, the ball may be passed into either the frontcourt or backcourt. If the ball is passed into the backcourt, the team will receive a new 8-second count. However, once the ball is (1) thrown in from out-of-bounds, or (2) dribbled or passed after receiving it from a rebound or a change of possession, the timeout shall be granted, and, upon resumption of play, the ball shall be in-bounded on the side- line where play was interrupted. The time on the game clock and the 24-second clock shall remain as when the timeout was called. In order for the option to be available under the conditions in paragraph #2 above, the offensive team must call two successive timeouts.
f. No timeout shall be charged if it is called to question a rule interpretation and the correction is sustained.
g. Requests for a timeout in excess of the authorized number shall be granted and a technical foul shall be assessed. Following the timeout, the ball will be awarded to the opposing team and play shall resume with a throw-in nearest the spot where play was interrupted.
Section VIII-Timeout Requests
a. If an official, upon receiving a timeout request (regular or 20-second) by the defensive team, inadvertently signals while the play is in progress, play shall be suspended and the team in possession shall put the ball in play immediately at the sideline nearest where the ball was when the signal was given. The team in possession shall have only the time remaining of the original eight seconds in which to move the ball into the frontcourt. The 24-second clock shall remain the same.
b. If an official, upon receiving a timeout request (regular or 20-second) from the defensive team, inadvertently signals for a timeout during: (1) a successful field goal or free throw attempt, the point(s) shall be scored; (2) an unsuccessful field goal attempt, play shall be resumed with a jump ball at the center circle between any two opponents; (3) an unsuccessful free throw attempt, the official shall rule disconcerting and award a substitute free throw.
c. If an official inadvertently blows his whistle during (1) a successful field goal or free throw attempt, the points shall be scored, or (2) an unsuccessful field goal or free throw attempt, play shall be resumed with a jump ball at the center circle between any two opponents.
d. When a team is granted a regular or 20-second time-out, play shall not resume until the full 100 seconds, 60 seconds, or 20 seconds have elapsed. The throw-in shall be nearest the spot where play was suspended. The throw-in shall be on the sideline, if the ball was in play when the request was granted.
e. A player shall not be granted a timeout (regular or 20-second) if both of his feet are in the air and any part of his body has broken the vertical plane of the boundary line (including the midcourt line).

好像有點多哈

最基本的就是常規時間內，每個球隊每場有兩個20秒短暫停和6個長暫停

上下半場各一半

然後第一，三節有兩個官方暫停

第二，四節有三個官方暫停

這是指雙方沒有叫暫停的情況下

如果叫了長暫停，那麼就無需叫官方暫停

一，三節的官方暫停，第一個給主隊，第二個給客隊

如果客隊先叫了一個官方暫停，則第二個給主隊

第二，四節的暫停，第一個官方暫停不計入任何隊伍

第二，三個暫停規則如同第一，三節

這個是指雙方均沒叫暫停的情況

當然是不多見的

那麼一般什麼時候會叫暫停？

這個真的很取決於教練

最常見的就是對方打出一波進攻高潮，或者其中一個隊員手感火熱的時候

叫個暫停讓對方技能冷卻

同時布置一下戰術應對，換個人什麼的

當然還有的教練就是不喜歡叫暫停

比如當年Phil就是喜歡不叫暫停，讓隊員們自己解決

當然這個技術一般教練用不好，也不敢用

暫停還有另一個非常重要的作用，就是讓球員休息

第一，二節之間和第三，四節之間的休息時間其實只有130秒

那麼一個官方長暫停會長達100秒

對於職業運動員來說，這個時間足夠讓他們喘口氣，體力恢復一些

暫停另外的一個重要作用就是換人

20秒暫停可以換一人，最後兩分鐘不限制換人人數

長暫停不限制換人人數

一般來說，第二，四節開始的時候都是替補在打，以給主力更多的休息時間

那麼總要他們回到場上吧

一般來說第二，第四節的第一個或者第二個長暫停就會把主力重新派到場上

有時第一，第三節的最後一個長暫停也會讓明星球員下去提前休息

至於暫停期間會說些什麼呢？

在20秒短暫停的時候，一般都是用戰術板來布置一個戰術

比如半場或者全場只剩10秒了，那麼就會畫一套戰術來執行

一般是主教練，或者助理教練甚至球員來布置戰術

沒錯，球員也是會布置戰術的，湖人的大部分戰術都是科比布置的。。。

科比其實腦子裡戰術豐富的很，特別是在場邊指導的時候

對於場上形勢分戲的準確，獨到

只是一上場，就認為自己太牛逼了，你們這種不夠強的才需要戰術呢，呵呵呵

長暫停的內容其實挺無聊的

nba現在都會有很多教練暫停時的喊話內容

如果你聽了就會發現其實沒什麼內容。。。。

當然太重要的信息可能也不適合直播出來，所以給掐掉了

一般來說是鼓舞士氣，打的好了就鼓勵繼續這麼打

打的不好了就提醒一下該怎麼打

比較常說的有注意球的轉移，注意籃板等

有的時候球員甚至不過去聽，而是回到座位休息

我記得張公子曾經的一個回答提到過

真正的戰術早在訓練時就練習過很多次了

而不是到了比賽的時候才叮囑

只有在比賽接近結尾而比分膠著的時候可能會布置一下戰術

有的時候甚至教練們把座位讓給球員後根本就不說任何內容，純讓人休息

另外我想說的一點是

教練們看場上的比賽是平的視角，說實話對於全局的感覺不如轉播的上帝視角

因此有些問題也看不出來

加上比賽期間也許會緊張，會氣氛，很可能判斷失誤

這也是為什麼我們有時會質疑他們的判斷

一個教練最重要的戰術安排不是靠嘴上說出來的，而是他每次的換人

每一個陣容都有一套打法

當你聽到他們嘴上喊的全是廢話的時候

他們的戰術布置已經在換人那一刻發生了

另外球隊最後兩分鐘的暫停次數是有上限的

所以憋著不用暫停也不會帶來太多優勢

可是也千萬不能把暫停一下子用完

因為你永遠不知道會發生什麼

有球員受傷了的時候需要暫停來換人

比賽的最後階段暫停可以發前場球節省時間

這些都是暫停的其他用途

更具體的時機啊，內容啊，還是要靠多看比賽來體會

樓主看球可能不多一般看球多了就會有一種直覺」該叫暫停了吧」

一般來說球隊在領先的良好局面下被對手連打幾個反攻威脅到領先地位時教練會叫一個暫停

球隊在需要迫切追分時會叫一個暫停

比賽最後時刻分秒必爭每分必爭時那很可能是一個進攻都有幾次暫停甚至對方罰籃時都會換上大個子或者籃板手去保護後場籃板

還有對方打出一波流時等等

總之暫停一般是為了布置戰術調換球員打亂對手節奏控制比賽等作用暫停還有作用就是暫停結束可以發前場邊線球在比賽最後時刻只剩下幾秒時要用到的戰術大概就這些吧

ps 官方暫停就是廣告時間…………

瀉藥～

暫停無非三種

插廣告

球隊打的不好對方士氣很盛，被迫

不用白不用，讓球員休息調整一下

在對方開啟嗜血的時候暫停下可以打斷對方的輸出節奏