such as和etc.的用法

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such as和etc.的用法

• such as相當於for example，後面接一部分列舉對象；而etc.用於句尾，相當於and so on，中文裡也常在句尾加個「等」，不過在中文裡很多時候即便把所有對象列舉出來，後面仍然習慣性地加一個「等」字。

such as和etc.這兩個詞不能同時使用：

• 錯誤 Studies of methodology and process of implementing remanufacturing mainly focus on durable products such as automobile motors, printers, etc.
• 正確 Studies of methodology and process of implementing remanufacturing mainly focus on durable products such as automobile motors and printers.

etc.在句尾時不用再加句號了：

• 錯誤 The patients were treated with chymotrypsin, gentamicin, dexamethasone, etc..
• 正確 The patients were treated with chymotrypsin, gentamicin, dexamethasone, etc.

etc.前不用加and：

• 錯誤 The patients were treated with chymotrypsin, gentamicin, dexamethasone, and etc.
• 正確 The patients were treated with chymotrypsin, gentamicin, dexamethasone, etc.

such as後面只能跟部分列舉對象，而不應該是全部對象。

• 錯誤 Compared with traditional industry, Micro-electronic fabrication has three characteristics such as high complexity, high precision and high automation.
• 正確 Compared with traditional industry, Micro-electronic fabrication has three characteristics: high complexity, high precision and high automation.

including和such as的使用方法類似，後面只能跟部分列舉對象，而不是全部對象。

部分內容參考：The Most Common Habits from more than 200 English Papers written by Graduate Chinese Engineering Students （By Felicia Brittman）