英語的語態

1.概念：經常、反覆發生的動作或行為及現在的某種狀況.

2.時間狀語： always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays,

3.基本結構：動詞 原形 （如主語為第三人稱單數,動詞上要改為第三人稱單數形式）

4.否定形式：am/is/are

+not;此時態的謂語動詞若為行為動詞,則在其前加dont,如主語為第三人稱單數,則用doesnt,同時還原行為動詞.

5.一般疑問句：把be動詞放於句首；用助動詞do提問,如主語為第三人稱單數,則用does,同時,還原行為動詞.

6.例句：. It seldom snows here.

He is always ready to help others.

Action speaks louder than words.

二、 一般過去時：

1.概念：過去某個時間裡發生的動作或狀態；過去習慣性、經常性的動作、行為.

2.時間狀語：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week,last(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.

3.基本結構：be動詞；行為動詞 的過去式

4.否定形式：was/were+not;在行為動詞前加didnt,同時還原行為動詞.

5.一般疑問句：was或were放於句首；用助動詞do的過去式did 提問,同時還原行為動詞.

6.例句：She often came to help us in those days.

I didnt know you were so busy.

三、 現在進行時：

1.概念：表示現階段或說話時正在進行的動作及行為.

2.時間狀語：now, at this time, these days, etc.

3.基本結構：am/is/are+doing

4.否定形式：am/is/are+not+doing.

5.一般疑問句：把be動詞放於句首.

6.例句： How are you feeling today?

He is doing well in his lessons.

四、 過去進行時：

1.概念：表示過去某段時間或某一時刻正在發生或進行的行為或動作.

2.時間狀語：at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引導的謂語動詞是一般過去時的時間狀語等.

3.基本結構：was/were+doing

4.否定形式：was/were + not + doing.

5.一般疑問句：把was或were放於句首.

6.例句：At that time she was working in a PLA unit.

When he came in, I was reading a newspaper.

五、 現在完成時：

1.概念：過去發生或已經完成的動作對現在造成的影響或結果,或從過去已經開始,持續到現在的動作或狀態.

2.時間狀語：recently, lately, since…for…,in the past few years, etc.

3.基本結構：have/has + done

4.否定形式：have/has + not +done.

5.一般疑問句：have或has.

6.例句：Ive written an article.

The countryside has changed a lot in the past few years.

六、 過去完成時：

1.概念：以過去某個時間為標準,在此以前發生的動作或行為,或在過去某動作之前完成的行為,即「過去的過去」.

2.時間狀語：before, by the end of last year(term, month…),etc.

3.基本結構：had + done.

4.否定形式：had + not + done.

5.一般疑問句：had放於句首.

6.例句：As soon as we got to the station, the train had left.

By the end of last month. We had reviewed four books

七、 一般將來時：

1.概念：表示將要發生的動作或存在的狀態及打算、計劃或準備做某事.

2.時間狀語：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, in a few minutes, by…,the day after tomorrow, etc.

3.基本結構：am/is/are/going to + do；will/shall + do.

4.否定形式：was/were + not; 在行為動詞前加didnt,同時還原行為動詞.

5.一般疑問句：be放於句首；will/shall提到句首.

6.例句：They are going to have a competition with us in studies.

It is going to rain.

八、 過去將來時：

1.概念：立足於過去某一時刻,從過去看將來,常用於賓語從句中.