2/4 【美國歷史上的今天】這個會議既散發了和平的曙光，卻也是冷戰的開端

每天一篇《美國歷史上的今天》，提煉和總結歷史在今天發生的重要事件：誰，在哪裡，什麼時候，做了什麼，這件事為什麼重要、以及在寫關於什麼主題的論文的時候可以作為潛在論據引用。每天半分鐘，輕鬆積累史實，為AP歷史拿5分打下堅實基礎！

When: Feb 4, 1945

What: The Yalta Conference commenced. U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt, British Prime Minister Winston Churchill, and Soviet Premier Joseph Stalin met at Yalta in the Crimea to discuss the terms for the postwar world, and to address the redistribution of power and influence.

Why significant: Yalta was the second of three major wartime conferences among the Big Three. It was preceded by the Tehran Conference in November 1943, and was followed by the Potsdam Conference in July 1945.

Many people place the beginning of the Cold War at Yalta. The meeting was intended mainly to discuss the re-establishment of the nations of war-torn Europe, and to shape a post-war peace that represented not just a collective security order but a plan to give self-determination to the liberated peoples of post-Nazi Europe. However the conference provided the illusion of more unanimity than actually existed. Within a few years, a divisive 「iron curtain,」 in Churchill』s famous phrase, was beginning to descend in Europe.

Key points of the conference:

• After the war Germany and Berlin would be split into four zones, occupied by the U.S., Great Britain, France, and the Soviet Union.
• The status of Poland was discussed. It was agreed to re-organize the communist Provisional Government of the Republic of Poland that had been installed by the Soviet Union "on a broader democratic basis."
• Stalin agreed to enter the fight against the Empire of Japan "in two or three months after Germany has surrendered and the war in Europe is terminated."

Tags: WW II, The Yalta Conference, President Franklin D. Roosevelt, Prime Minister Winston Churchill, Premier Joseph Stalin, the Tehran Conference, the Potsdam Conference

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