純種哈士奇長什麼樣？

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FCI-國際純種犬標準第 270 號

SIBERIAN HUSKY

西伯利亞哈士奇

▲ 示例圖，並不一定代表該犬種的理想類型

ORIGIN: U.S.A.

起源國：美國

UTILIZATION: Sledge dog.

用途：雪橇犬

FCI-CLASSIFICATION:

Group 5 Spitz and primitive types.

Section 1 Nordic Sledge Dogs.

Without working trial.

FCI分組：

第5組 尖嘴和原始犬種

第1類 雪橇犬

無工作犬測試。

GENERAL APPEARANCE:

The Siberian Husky is a mediumsized working dog, quick and light on his feet and free and gracefulin action. His moderately compact and well furred body, erect ears and brush tail suggest his Northern heritage. His characteristic gait issmooth and seemingly effortless. He performs his original functionin harness most capably, carrying a light load at a moderate speedover great distances. His body proportions and form reflect thisbasic balance of power, speed and endurance. The males of theSiberian Husky breed are masculine but never coarse; the bitches arefeminine but without weakness of structure. In proper condition,with muscle firm and well developed, the Siberian Husky does notcarry excess weight.

一般外貌：

中型工作犬，腳步輕快自如，動作優美。犬身適度緊湊，毛量豐，豎耳，尾如毛刷，這些都顯出其具有適應寒冷地區生存的特點。其典型步態特徵為平穩、輕鬆。這種犬通過戴上繩索來行使自己的初始職能，以適當速度長距離運輸重量輕的物品。其身體比例和體形可以更好地發揮其在力量、速度和耐力方面的平衡性。公犬更具陽剛之美但氣質溫和；母犬則更具柔美性但體格不顯柔弱。在適當的條件下，其肌肉堅實且發達，體重不應超重。

IMPORTANT PROPORTIONS:

- In profile, the length of the body from the point of the shoulder tothe rear point of the croup is slightly longer than the height of thebody from the ground to the top of the withers.

- The distance from the tip of the nose to the stop is equal to thedistance from the stop to the occiput.

重要比例：

- 側面看，肩端至臀尖的身體長度略大於地面到肩隆端點的身體高度。

- 鼻尖至額段的距離等於額段到枕骨部的距離。

BEHAVIOUR / TEMPERAMENT:

The characteristictemperament of the Siberian Husky is friendly and gentle, but alsoalert and outgoing. He does not display the possessive qualities ofthe guard dog, nor is he overly suspicious of strangers or aggressivewith other dogs.

Some measure of reserve and dignity may be expected in the maturedog. His intelligence, tractability, and eager disposition make him anagreeable companion and willing worker.

行為/秉性：

友好、溫和但不失機警，性格開朗。既不會表現出護衛犬的強烈佔有慾，也不會對陌生人產生過度懷疑或攻擊其它犬只。成年犬某些程度上會顯得矜持、高貴。其聰明、溫順、熱心使得其成為一種令人心悅的伴侶犬和任勞任怨的工作犬。

HEAD: 頭部

CRANIAL REGION

顱部區域

Skull: Of medium size and in proportion to the body; sligthlyrounded on top and tapering from the widest point to the eyes.

頭骨：中等大小，與身體成協調比例；頭頂部略圓，自最寬處向眼部漸細。

Stop: Well defined.

額段：明顯。

FACIAL REGION

面部區域

Nose: Black in gray, tan or black dogs; liver in copper dogs; may beflesh-coloured in pure white dogs. The pink-streaked ? snow nose ?is acceptable.

鼻：灰色、黃褐色或黑色被毛的西伯利亞哈士奇犬鼻子為黑色；毛色為紅銅色的西伯利亞哈士奇犬鼻子顏色為深赤褐色；毛色純白色的，其鼻子則為肉色。帶有粉色痕的「雪鼻」可以接受。

Muzzle: Of medium length and of medium width, tapering graduallyto the nose, with the tip neither pointed nor square. The bridge of thenose is straight from the stop to the tip.

口吻：長度和寬度中等，至鼻子處漸細，口吻端不尖也不方。鼻樑自額段到鼻尖呈直線。

Lips: Well pigmented and close fitting.

嘴唇：色素沉澱較好、雙唇緊閉。

Jaws/Teeth: Closing in a scissor bite.

頜/牙齒：緊扣的剪狀咬合。

Eyes: Almond shaped, moderately spaced and set a trifle obliquely.Eyes may be brown or blue in colour; one of each or particolouredare acceptable.

Expression : Keen, but friendly, interested and even mischievous.

眼睛：杏仁狀，間距適中，兩個外眼角位置稍高。顏色為棕色或藍色；兩隻眼睛顏色不同或為雜色也可接受。表情：靈敏、友好、有著強烈的好奇心甚至有些頑皮。

Ears: Of medium size, triangular in shape, close fitting and set highon the head. They are thick, well furred, slightly arched at the back,and strongly erect, with slightly rounded tips pointing straight up.

耳朵：中等大小，三角形，雙耳位置較近，高豎於頭部之上。耳厚，毛髮濃密，耳背略拱起，雙耳硬挺直立，耳尖處略圓，直指向上。

NECK: Medium in length, arched and carried proudly erect whendog is standing. When moving at a trot, the neck is extended so thatthe head is carried slightly forward.

頸部：中等長度，拱形，站立時頸部呈驕傲狀豎起。小跑時，頸部前伸，頭部也會因此略微向前。

BODY:

軀幹：

Back: Straight and strong, with a level topline from withers to croup.Of medium length, neither cobby nor slack from excessive length.

背：直且強壯，肩隆至臀部間背線呈水平直線。中等長度，非短身型，亦不會長度過長而顯鬆弛。

Loin: Taut and lean, narrower than the rib cage, and with a slighttuck-up.

腰: 緊實，窄於胸腔，略向上提。

Chest: Deep and strong, but not too broad, with the deepest pointbeing just behind and level with the elbows. The ribs are well sprungfrom the spine but flattened on the sides to allow for freedom ofaction.

胸：深且壯，但並非特別寬，最深處位於肘之後並與之齊平。肋骨自脊椎處擴張良好，但兩側平坦，這樣可保證犬只行動自如。

Croup: Slopes away from the spine at an angle, but never so steeplyas to restrict the rearward thrust of the hind legs.

臀：自脊椎骨處向下傾斜成一定角度，且該角度不可太陡，以免限制後肢的後向推力。

TAIL: The well furred tail of fox-brush shape is set on just belowthe level of the topline, and is usually carried over the back in agraceful sickle curve when the dog is at attention. When carried up,the tail does not curl to either side of the body, nor does it snap flatagainst the back. A trailing tail is normal for the dog when in repose.Hair on the tail is of medium length and approximately the samelength on top, sides and bottom, giving the appearance of a roundbrush.

尾：狐狸般的尾巴，毛量豐富，位置稍低於背線。犬只在注意力集中時，通常會將尾巴舉起過背，並彎曲成鐮刀樣。尾舉起時，不會向身體任意一側傾斜，也不會突然平貼在背上。休息時尾巴下垂屬正常現象。尾毛中等長度，頂部、兩側及底部毛的長度基本相等，外觀如同一個圓刷子。

LIMBS

FOREQUARTERS

四肢

前軀

FOREQUARTERS : When standing and viewed from the front, thelegs are moderately spaced, parallel and straight. Bone is substantialbut never heavy. Length of the leg from the elbow to ground isslightly more than the distance from the elbow to the top of withers.Dewclaws on forelegs may be removed.

前軀：站立時從前面看，雙腿間距適當、平行且直。骨量足但不沉重。肘部到地面腿的長度略大於肘部到肩隆端的距離。前腳的狼爪可去除。

Shoulder and arm : The shoulder blade is well laid back. The upperarm angles slightly backward from point of shoulder to elbow, and isnever perpendicular to the ground. The muscles and ligamentsholding the shoulder to the rib cage are firm and well developed.

肩和臂：肩胛骨自然向後。上臂自肩端向肘部稍稍向後傾斜，不與地面垂直。肩部至胸腔間的肌肉和韌帶堅實牢固、發達。

Elbow: Close to the body and turned neither in nor out.

肘：接近身體，不外翻也不內翻。

Pastern joint : Strong, but flexible.

骹關節：強健但不失靈活。

Pasterns : Viewed from the side, pasterns are slightly slanted.

掌骨（系部）：側面看，略微傾斜。

LIMBS

HINDQUARTERS

四肢

後軀

HINDQUARTERS ：When standing and viewed from the rear, thehind legs are moderately spaced and parallel. Dewclaws, if any, areto be removed.

後軀：站立時自後面看，後腿間距適當且平行。如有狼爪，必須去除。

Thigh: Well muscled and powerful.

大腿：肌肉發達，強壯有力。

Stifle (Knee): Well bent.

後膝關節：彎曲度良好。

Hock joint: Well defined and set low to ground.

跖關節：輪廓清晰，位置低接近地面。

FEET：Oval in shape but not long. The paws are medium in size,compact and well furred between the toes and pads. The pads aretough and thickly cushioned. The paws neither turn in nor out whenthe dog is in natural stance.

後足：橢圓形但不長。腳掌中等大小、緊湊且趾與腳墊之間毛多。腳墊堅實、厚，緩衝力強。自然站立時腳掌不內翻也不外翻。

GAIT/MOVEMENT:

The Siberian Husky』s characteristic gait issmooth and seemingly effortless. He is quick and light on his feet,and when in the show ring should be gaited on a loose lead at amoderately fast trot, exhibiting good reach in the forequarters andgood drive in the hindquarters. When viewed from the front to rearwhile moving at a walk the Siberian Husky does not single-track, butas the speed increases the legs gradually angle inward until the padsare falling on a line directly under the longitudinal center of thebody. As the pad marks converge, the forelegs and hind legs arecarried straightforward, with neither elbows nor stifles turned in orout. Each』hind leg moves in the path of the foreleg on the same side.While the dog is gaiting, the topline remains firm and level.

步態/動態：

西伯利亞哈士奇的典型步態是平穩、輕鬆。其腳步輕快，比賽中牽繩不應緊，犬只以適當速度小跑，展現前軀良好的伸展力及後軀強大的驅動力。犬只行走時，我們自前向後看，可以發現其兩側的腿不在一條直線上，但隨著速度的逐漸增加，腿會逐漸向內踩，最終腳會落在身體縱深方向中央下邊的直線上。由於腳墊聚合，其前後腿徑直向前伸出，肘和後膝關節不外翻也不內翻。每條後腿與同側的前腿在同一條線上運動。當犬步行時，其背線穩固而平坦。

COAT

被毛

Hair: The coat of the Siberian Husky is double and medium inlength, giving a well furred appearance, but is never so long as toobscure the cleancut outline of the dog. The undercoat is soft anddense and of sufficient length to support the outer coat. The guardhairs of the outer coat are straight and somewhat smooth lying, neverharsh nor standing straight off from the body. It should be noted thatthe absence of the undercoat during the shedding season is normal.Trimming of whiskers and fur between the toes and around the feetto present a neater appearance is permissible. Trimming the fur onany other part of the dog is not to be condoned and should beseverely penalized.

毛質：

被毛為兩層，長度適中，美觀，但不可過長以免影響犬只利落清晰的外形輪廓。底毛柔軟且密，長度適宜，足以支撐外毛。外層的保護性被毛直且光滑，不粗糙也不豎立。要說明的一點是在脫毛季節底毛缺失屬正常現象。為使其外觀整潔，可以對其鬍鬚和趾間以及腳周圍的軟毛進行清理。不允許修剪其它部分的被毛，否則會嚴重影響成績。

Colour: All colours from black to pure white are allowed. Avariety of markings on the head is common, including many strikingpatterns not found in other breeds.

毛色: 黑色到純白色間的所有顏色均可接受。頭部通常會有不同色的斑紋，其中包括許多在其它犬種中未曾有過的獨特條紋，此種情況均屬正常。

SIZE AND WEIGHT

尺寸和重量

Height at the withers:

Dogs: 21 to 23, 5 inches (53,5 - 60 cm). Females : 20 to 22 inches (50,5 - 56 cm).

肩高：

公犬：21-23.5 英寸（53.5-60厘米）

，母犬：20-22英寸（50.5-56厘米）

Weight::

Dogs : 45 to 60 pounds (20,5 - 28 kg). Females : 35 to 50 pounds (15,5 - 23 kg).

Weight is in proportion to height. The measurements mentionedabove represent the extreme height and weight limits with nopreference given to either extreme. Any appearance of excessivebone or weight should be penalized.

重量：

公犬：45-60磅（20.5-28公斤）

母犬：35-50磅（15.5-23公斤）

體重同高度成一定比例。以上提到的測量值為西伯利亞哈士奇犬高度和體重限制區間，但並非說最大值便是最佳。骨量或體重過大，超過上述標準將嚴重影響成績。

FAULTS: Any departure from the foregoing points should beconsidered a fault and the seriousness with which the fault should beregarded should be in exact proportion to its degree and its effectupon the health and welfare of the dog.

? Skull : Head clumsy or heavy; head too finely chiseled.

? Stop : Insufficient.

? Muzzle : Either too snipy or too coarse; too short or too long.

? Jaws/Teeth : Any bite other than scissor bite.

? Eyes : Set too obliquely; set too close together.

? Ears : Too large in proportion to the head; too wide set; notstrongly erect.

? Neck : Too short and thick; too long.

? Back : Weak or slack back; roached back; sloping topline.

? Chest : Too broad; ? barrel ribs ?; ribs too flat or weak.

? Tail : A snapped or tightly curled tail; highly plumed tail; tail settoo low or too high.? Shoulders : Straight shoulders; loose shoulders.

? Forequarters : Weak pasterns; too heavy bone; too narrow or toowide in the front; out at the elbows.

? Hindquarters : Straight stifles, cow-hocks, too narrow or too widein the rear.

? Feet : Soft or splayed toes; paws too large and clumsy; paws toosmall and delicate; toeing in or out.

? Gait/Movement : Short, prancing or choppy gait, lumbering orrolling gait; crossing or crabbing.

? Hair : Long, rough, or shaggy coat; texture too harsh or too silky;trimming of the coat, except as permitted above.

缺陷：任何與上述各點的背離均視為缺陷，其缺陷嚴重性嚴格地與其缺陷的程度及此缺陷對犬只的健康和福利造成的影響成比例。

?頭蓋骨：笨拙或沉重，輪廓過於精巧。

?額段：不明顯

?口吻：太細或太粗；太短或太長

?頜/牙：非剪狀咬合

?眼睛：兩外眼角位置過高；間距過近

?耳：太大，與頭部比例不協調；兩耳間距過寬；不夠直立

?頸部：太過短粗；太長

?背部：過軟或向後斜；拱狀背；背線斜

?胸：過寬，桶狀胸；肋骨過平或弱

?尾：尾緊卷；羽毛狀；尾根位置過高或過低

?肩：直；不緊實

?前軀：系部柔弱，骨過沉；前部過窄或過寬；肘外翻

?後軀：後膝關節直，牛肢，後部過寬或過窄

?腳：腳趾軟或張開；腳掌過大或笨重；腳掌過小且弱；腳趾 外翻或內翻

?步態/動態：短、闊步、顛步，笨拙或搖擺；交叉或橫向

?毛質：長、粗、雜亂；過粗或過滑；進行了不允許的修剪。

DISQUALIFYING FAULTS:

? Aggressive or overly shy dogs.

? Any dog clearly showing physical or behavioural abnormalities shall be disqualified.

? Dogs over 23,5 inches (60 cm) and bitches over 22 inches (56cm).

失格缺陷：

? 有攻擊性或過度羞怯

? 身體明顯畸形或行為失常的犬只應視為失格。

? 公犬肩高超過23.5英寸（60厘米），母犬肩高超過22英寸（56厘米）

N.B.：

? Male animals should have two apparently normal testicles fullydescended into the scrotum.

? Only functionally and clinically healthy dogs, with breed typicalconformation, should be used for breeding.

注：

? 公犬具備兩個明顯正常且完全置於陰囊的睾丸

? 只有身體機能以及臨床表現健康的，具備典型犬種結構的犬只，才可用於繁殖。

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▲ 犬只各部位名稱（FCI標準通用）