擴展閱讀：撒切爾在下院就福克蘭群島局勢進行的講話。

　　1982年4月14日

　　It is right, at this time of grave concern over the Falkland Islands and their people, that Parliament should be recalled so that the Government may report and the House may discuss the latest developments.

　　在我們焦急關注福克蘭群島以及島上居民的時候，應當提醒議會事件經過，便於政府進行報告，也便於下院討論最近事態發展。

　　Our objective, endorsed by all sides of the House in recent debates, is that the people of the Falkland Islands shall be free to determine their own way of life and their own future. The wishes of the islanders must be paramount. But they cannot be freely expressed, let alone implemented, while the present illegal Argentine occupation continues.

　　我們的目標在最近的辯論中得到了下院各方的認可：福克蘭群島的人民應自由地決定自己的生活方式與未來。島民的意願必須高於一切。但只要阿根廷的非法佔領繼續下去，他們就不能自由地表達自己的意願，更不用說付諸行動了。

　　That is why our immediate goal in recent days has been to secure the withdrawal of all Argentine forces in accordance with resolution 502 of the United Nations Security Council and to secure the restoration of British administration. Our strategy has been based on a combination of diplomatic, military and economic pressures and I should like to deal with each of these in turn.

　　因此我們近幾天的迫切目標就是確保所有的阿根廷部隊根據聯合國安理會第502號決議撤出福克蘭群島，並確保英國管治的恢復。我們的戰略一直是基於外交，軍事和經濟壓力的組合，接下來我將依次談一下這幾個方面。

　　First of all, we seek a peaceful solution by diplomatic effort. This, too, is in accordance with the Security Council resolution. In this approach we have been helped by the widespread disapproval of the use of force which the Argentine aggression has aroused across the world, and also by the tireless efforts of Secretary of State Haig, who has now paid two visits to this country and one to Buenos Aires.

　　首先，我們通過外交努力尋求和平解決。這種做法也同樣遵照了安理會決議。阿根廷的武力侵略已經引起了世界各地的廣泛反對，而且美國國務卿黑格先生也為此付出了不懈努力，目前為止他已經兩次造訪英國，並去過了布宜諾斯艾利斯。這些情況對於外交手段都很有助益。

　　On his first visit last Thursday we impressed upon him the great depth of feeling on this issue, not only of Parliament but of the British people as a whole. We may not express our views in the same way as the masses gathered in Buenos Aires, but we feel them every bit as strongly indeed, even more profoundly, because Britons are involved. We made clear to Mr. Haig that withdrawal of the invaders troops must come first; that the sovereignty of the islands is not affected by the act of invasion; and that when it comes to future negotiations what matters most is what the Falkland Islanders themselves wish.

　　在他上個星期四的第一次訪問期間，我們令他感受到了議會乃至英國人整體對於這個問題的深切情感。我們可能並沒有通過與布宜諾斯艾利斯的集會人群相同的方式來表達我們的意見，但我們對這些意見的感受同樣強烈，甚至更有過之，因為這次事件涉及英國人。我們向黑格先生明確提出，入侵者的部隊首先必須，島嶼的主權不能受到侵略行為的影響，未來談判時最重要的因素是福克蘭群島島民的意願。

　　On his second visit on Easter Monday and yesterday, Mr. Haig put forward certain ideas as a basis for discussion ideas concerning the withdrawal of troops and its supervision, and an interim period during which negotiations on the future of the islands would be conducted. Our talks were long and detailed, as the House would expect. Some things we could not consider because they flouted our basic principles. Others we had to examine carefully and suggest alternatives. The talks were constructive and some progress was made. At the end of Monday, Mr. Haig was prepared to return to Buenos Aires in pursuit of a peaceful solution.

　　在復活節後的星期一以及昨天的第二次訪問期間，黑格先生提出了某些想法作為討論阿方撤軍以及撤軍過程監督的基礎，還談到了對島嶼的未來進行談判會所需要的過渡時期。正如下院所料，我們的會談漫長而細緻，眾議院希望。有些問題我們不予考慮，因為與我們的基本原則相悖。其他問題我們則要仔細研究並尋求替代方案。這次會談是建設性的，並取得了一定進展。在周一結束時，黑格先生準備返回到布宜諾斯艾利斯尋求和平解決方案。

　　Late that night, however, Argentina put forward to him other proposals which we could not possibly have accepted, but yesterday the position appeared to have eased. Further ideas are now being considered and Secretary Haig has returned to Washington before proceeding, he hopes shortly, to Buenos Aires. That meeting, in our view, will be crucial.

　　然而在那天深夜，阿根廷向他提出了我們不可能接受的其他主張，但昨天阿方立場似乎有所緩解。目前進一步的想法正在考慮當中。黑格國務卿已返回華盛頓他希望不久能再去一次布宜諾斯艾利斯。在我們看來那次會面將至關重要。

　　These discussions are complex, changing and difficult, the more so because they are taking place between a military junta and a democratic Government of a free people one which is not prepared to compromise that democracy and that liberty which the British Falkland Islanders regard as their birthright.

　　這些討論複雜多變且非常困難，尤其是因為討論雙方分別是軍政府與自由人民的民主政府，而後者並不准備將英屬福克蘭群島島民視為與生俱來權利的民主與自由當作妥協的籌碼。

　　We seek, and shall continue to seek, a diplomatic solution, and the House will realise that it would jeopardise that aim were I to give further details at this stage. Indeed, Secretary Haig has been scrupulous in his adherence to confidentiality in pursuit of the larger objective. We shall continue genuinely to negotiate through the good offices of Mr. Haig, to whose skill and perseverance I pay warm tribute.

　　我們尋求，並將繼續尋求通過外交途徑解決當前局勢。下院應當清楚，如果我在當前透露進一步的細節將危及這一目標。事實上，黑格國務卿一直在一絲不苟地堅持保密，藉以追求更大的目標。我們將通過黑格先生的斡旋繼續真誠談判，我熱烈讚揚他的能力和毅力。

　　Diplomatic efforts are more likely to succeed if they are backed by military strength. At 5 am London time on Monday 12 April, the maritime exclusion zone of 200 miles around the Falkland Islands came into effect. From that time any Argentine warships and Argentine naval auxiliaries found within this zone are treated as hostile and are liable to be attacked by British forces.

　　當然，軍事實力支持之下的外交努力更容易成功。在倫敦時間4月12日（星期一）凌晨5時，福克蘭群島周圍200英里的海上禁區將會生效。從此時起，任何該區域內的阿根廷軍艦以及阿根廷海軍輔助艦隻均會被視為敵對目標並遭到英軍攻擊。

　　We see this measure as the first step towards achieving the withdrawal of Argentine forces. It appears to have exerted influence on Argentina, whose navy has been concentrated outside the zone. If the zone is challenged, we shall take that as the clearest evidence that the search for a peaceful solution has been abandoned. We shall then take the necessary action. Let no one doubt that.

　　我們認為這項措施是實現阿方撤軍的第一步。這項措施似乎已經對阿方造成了影響，阿根廷的海軍已經集中在了禁區之外。如果該區域遭到挑戰，我們將視其為尋求和平解決方案的努力已被放棄的最明顯證據。然後我們將採取必要的行動。任何人都不應對此抱有懷疑。

　　The naval task force is proceeding with all speed towards the South Atlantic. It is a formidable force, comprising two aircraft carriers, five guided missile destroyers, seven frigates, an assault ship with five landing ships, together with supporting vessels. The composition of the force and the speed with which it was assembled and put to sea clearly demonstrate our determination.

　　海軍特遣艦隊正迅速向南大西洋集結。這個艦隊軍力強大，包括2艘航母，5艘導彈驅逐艦，7艘護衛艦，1艘攻擊艦以及5艘登陸艦，此外還有大量補給船隻。艦隊組成和集結速度，已經清楚地表明了我們的決心。

　　Morale on board the ships in the task force is very high. The ships and aircraft are carrying out exercises on passage, and by the time the force arrives off the Falklands it will be at a very high state of fighting efficiency.

　　特遣艦隊士氣高漲。船隻和飛機在行進途中一直在進行演習，到達福克蘭群島的時候艦隊的戰鬥效率將會非常高。

　　……

　　A number of civilian ships have now been chartered or requisitioned. These include the 「Canberra」 for use as a troop ship and the 「Uganda」, which will be available as a hospital ship. Recourse to the merchant marine is traditional in time of naval emergency and its response has been wholehearted on this occasion as in the past.

　　現在一批民用船舶已被租用或徵用，包括作為軍隊運輸艦的堪培拉號和作為醫院船的烏干達號。徵用商船是海軍應對緊急事態的傳統，而商船也像過去一樣予以了全心全意的響應。

　　Men and equipment continue to be flown out to Ascension Island to meet up with the task force. These additional elements will enhance the fighting capability of the force and the range of operations which can be undertaken. Nimrod maritime patrol aircraft are now patrolling the South Atlantic in support of our fleet.

　　人力與物力正在不斷地通過空運從阿森松島出發與特遣艦隊匯合。這些額外的元素將提升艦隊戰鬥力並擴大作戰活動的類型範圍。尼姆羅德海上巡邏機目前正在南大西洋巡邏，為我們的艦隊提供支持。

　　Sustaining a substantial force 8,000 miles from the United Kingdom is a considerable undertaking. As the Ministry of Defence announced this morning, additional measures are now in hand to provide extra capability for the force over an extended period. In particular, the second assault ship, HMS 「Intrepid」, is being recommissioned for operational service. She will significantly add to the amphibious capability of the task force now entering the South Atlantic, which already contains her sister ship HMS 「Fearless」.

　　從英國本土維持一支遠在8000英里以外的大軍是異象浩大的工程。國防部今天上午宣布，已經採取了額外的措施，為軍隊的長期作戰提供額外作戰能力。特別是，第二艘攻擊艦，HMS英勇號已經重新服役。這將極大提升現已進入南大西洋的特遣艦隊的兩棲作戰能力，英勇號的姐妹艦HMS無畏號已經加入了特遣艦隊。

　　Arrangements are in hand to adapt a large cargo ship for the sea lift of additional Harriers. This will nearly double the size of the Harrier force in the South Atlantic. All these aircraft have a formidable air combat and ground attack capability.

　　目前正在採取措施將大型貨輪進行改裝，為額外的鷂式戰鬥機提供海上起落平台。這將使得南大西洋鷂式戰鬥機的軍力翻番。所有這些飛機都具有強大的空戰和對地攻擊能力。

　　Our diplomacy is backed by strength, and we have the resolve to use that strength if necessary.

　　我們的外交有實力作為支撐，我們有決心在必要時使用這種力量。

　　The third aspect of our pressure against Argentina has been economic. We have been urging our friends and allies to take action parallel to our own, and we have achieved a heartening degree of success. The most significant measure has been the decision of our nine partners in the European Community to join us not just in an arms embargo but also in stopping all imports from Argentina.

　　我方向阿根廷施壓的第三個方面是經濟。我們一直敦促我們的朋友和盟國與我方一道採取行動，我們已經取得了令人振奮的成功。歐共體的九個合作夥伴不僅加入了我們針對阿根廷的武器禁運，也停止了一切從阿根廷的進口。這是目前意義最重大的舉措。

　　This is a very important step, unprecedented in its scope and the rapidity of the decision. Last year about a quarter of all Argentinas exports went to the European Community. The effect on Argentinas economy of this measure will therefore be considerable and cannot be without influence on her leaders in the present crisis. I should like warmly to thank our European partners for rallying to our support. It was an effective demonstration of Community solidarity.

　　這項就其廣度與速度而言都前所未有的決策是非常重要的一步。去年阿根廷出口總量的四分之一銷往了歐共體。因此，這項措施對阿根廷經濟將會有相當大的影響，在當前危機形勢下也必然會影響到阿根廷領導人。我在此向我們的歐洲夥伴表示熱誠感謝。各國對我們的支持是歐共體團結的出色示範。

　　The decision cannot have been easy for our partners, given the commercial interests at stake, but they were the first to realise that if aggression were allowed to succeed in the Falkland Islands, it would be encouraged the world over.

　　考慮到涉及的商業利益，這項決定對我們的夥伴來說並不容易。但他們意識到，如果侵略福克蘭群島的行徑取得了成功，整個世界都將為之傾覆。

　　Other friends too have been quick to help, and I should like to thank Australia, New Zealand and Canada for their sturdy and swift action. They have decided to ban imports from Argentina, to stop export credits and to halt all sales of military equipment. New Zealand has also banned exports to Argentina. We are grateful also to many other countries in the Commonwealth which have supported us by condemning the Argentine invasion.

　　其他朋友也紛紛伸出了援手。我要感謝澳大利亞，紐西蘭和加拿大的有力而迅速的行動。他們已決定禁止從阿根廷進口，停止面向阿根廷的出口信貸和所有軍事裝備銷售。紐西蘭還禁止了面向阿根廷的出口。我們還感謝其他許多英聯邦國家對於阿根廷入侵的譴責。

　　What have the Argentines been able to produce to balance this solidarity in support of our cause? Some Latin American countries have, of course, repeated their support for the Argentine claim to sovereignty. We always knew they would. But only one of them has supported the Argentine invasion, and nearly all have made clear their distaste and disapproval that Argentina should have resorted to aggression.

　　阿根廷人有什麼手段能拿出來制衡對於我方事業的團結支持呢？的確有一些拉美國家重申了他們對於阿根廷主權要求的支持。我們一直都知道他們會這麼做。但其中只有一個國家支持阿根廷的入侵行徑。而且幾乎所有國家都清楚表明了他們對於阿根廷訴諸侵略的厭惡和反對。

　　Almost the only country whose position has been shifting towards Argentina is the Soviet Union. We can only guess at the cynical calculations which lie behind this move. But Soviet support for Argentina is hardly likely to shake the worlds confidence in the justice of our cause and it will not alter our determination to achieve our objectives.

　　基本上唯一一個轉向阿根廷的國家就是蘇聯。我們只能猜測這一舉動背後有著怎樣利字當頭的計算。但是，蘇聯對於阿根廷的支持幾乎不可能動搖世界的信心，我們的事業是正義的，蘇聯的立場不會改變我們實現目標的決心，。

　　One of our first concerns has been and remains the safety of the British subjects who have been caught up in the consequences of the crisis. They include, apart from the Falkland Islanders themselves, the marines and the British Antarctic survey scientists on South Georgia and the British community in Argentina. In spite of all our efforts, we have not been able to secure reliable information about the 22 marines who were on South Georgia and the 13 British Antarctic survey personnel who are believed to have been evacuated from Grytviken at the same time.

　　我們的優先關注問題之一始終是保障已經陷入危機的英國國民的安全。除了福克蘭群島的島民以外，還包括駐紮在南喬治亞的海軍陸戰隊與英國南極調查局的科學家，以及阿根廷的英國僑民。儘管我們已經盡了所有的努力，22名駐紮在南喬治亞的海軍陸戰隊員和13名據信已經在同一時間撤離古利德維肯的英國南極考察人員依舊下落不明。

　　According to Argentine reports, these people are on a ship heading for the mainland. There are also reports that the six marines and the one member of the crew of 「Endurance」 who were captured on the Falkland Islands are now in Argentina.

　　據阿根廷方面的報道，這些人是乘船前往了阿根廷本土。還有報道稱，6名海軍陸戰隊隊員以及1名堅忍號破冰船被俘船員目前也在阿根廷。

　　Finally, there are 13 members of the British Antarctic survey team and two other British subjects who remain on South Georgia. The survey teams most recent contacts, on 12 April, with their headquarters in this country indicate that they are safe and well.

　　最後，目前南喬治亞島上還有13名英國南極考察隊成員和另外兩名英國公民。4月12日考察隊與英國總部進行了最近一次聯繫，他們目前處境安好。

　　On 5 April, we asked the Swiss Government, as the protecting power, to pursue all these cases urgently with the Argentine Government. We trust that their efforts will soon produce the information which we and their families so anxiously seek.

　　4月5日，我們要求瑞士政府作為保護力量與阿根廷政府就上述情況進行緊急接洽。我們相信，他們的努力很快將會帶回我們和當事人家屬焦急尋求的信息。

　　On the same day we also sought the assistance of the International Red Cross with regard to the position of the population in the Falkland Islands. So far the Argentine Government have not responded to its request to visit the islands.

　　就在同一天，我們同樣也為了福克蘭群島島民的處境而向國際紅十字會尋求了協助。到目前為止，阿根廷政府沒有回應紅十字會訪問這些島嶼的請求。

　　Last night, a party of 35 people from the islands, including the Chief Secretary, arrived in Montevideo and a report from the Chief Secretary on conditions in the islands is expected at any moment.

　　昨晚，有35名島民抵達了蒙得維的亞，包括福克蘭群島政務司司長。司長對於當前島上局勢的報道很快就將完成。

　　Recently the Government received a message from the British Community Council in Argentina urging a peaceful solution to the present conflict and asking that due consideration be given to the strong British presence in Argentina and the size of the British community there. We have replied, recognising the contribution which the British community has made to the development of Argentina but making it plain that we have a duty to respond to the unprovoked aggression against the Falkland Islands and insisting that Argentina should comply with the mandatory resolution of the Security Council calling upon it to withdraw its troops.

　　政府最近收到一則阿根廷英國僑民理事會發來的信息，呼籲以和平方式解決目前的衝突，並要求恰當考慮英國目前在阿根廷的強烈存在以及眾多阿根廷英國僑民的處境。我們在回應當中承認了英國僑民群體對於阿根廷發展所作出的貢獻，但同時也直言不諱地指出，我們有責任以應對阿方無端侵略福克蘭群島的行徑，並堅持認為阿根廷應該遵守安理會要求其撤軍的強制性決議。

　　I have indicated to the House that we have taken steps to double the provision of the Harriers. We believe that that will provide the air cover that the House seek. I trust that the House will express confidence in our naval, marine and air forces. That is what they are at least entitled to have from the House.

　　我已經向下院表明，我們已經採取了將鷂式戰鬥機數量加倍的舉措。我們相信這樣做將提供下院所尋求的空中掩護。君子和而眾議院尋求。我相信下院將對我們的海軍，海軍陸戰隊以及空軍抱有信心。他們從下院這裡至少應當得到這點支持。

　　We are also being urged in some quarters to avoid armed confrontation at all costs and to seek conciliation. Of course, we too want a peaceful solution, but it was not Britain that broke the peace. If the argument of no force at any price were to be adopted at this stage it would serve only to perpetuate the occupation of those very territories which have themselves been seized by force.

　　有些人敦促我們方面不惜一切代價尋求和解以避免武裝對峙。當然，我們也希望以和平方式解決問題，但破壞和平的並不是英國。如果不惜任何代價避免動武的觀點在現階段得到接受，只會使得遭到武力奪取的英國領土永遠遭到佔領。

　　In any negotiations over the coming days we shall be guided by the following principles. We shall continue to insist on Argentine withdrawal from the Falkland Islands and dependencies. We shall remain ready to exercise our right to resort to force in self-defence under article 51 of the United Nations charter until the occupying forces leave the islands. Our naval task force sails on towards its destination. We remain fully confident of its ability to take whatever measures may be necessary. Meanwhile, its very existence and its progress towards the Falkland Islands reinforce the efforts we are making for a diplomatic solution.

　　在未來可能舉行的任何談判當中，我們都應當遵循以下原則。我們將繼續堅持阿根廷撤出福克蘭群島及其附屬島嶼。我們應根據聯合國憲章第51條繼續行使訴諸武力自衛的權利，直到佔領軍離開島嶼為止。我們的海軍特遣艦隊正在向目的地繼續進發。我們相信這支艦隊將有能力採取任何必要措施。同時，艦隊的存在和它朝向福克蘭群島的挺進也將強化我們的外交努力。

　　That solution must safeguard the principle that the wishes of the islanders shall remain paramount. There is no reason to believe that they would prefer any alternative to the resumption of the administration which they enjoyed before Argentina committed aggression. It may be that their recent experiences will have caused their views on the future to change, but until they have had the chance freely to express their views, the British Government will not assume that the islanders wishes are different from what they were before.

　　外交解決方案必須保障島民意願之上這條最重要的原則。我們沒有理由相信他們寧願接受任何替代性方案，而不是恢復阿根廷侵略之前他們所享受的自治。他們最近的經歷可能會使他們改變自己對未來的看法，但直到他們有機會自由表達意見之前，英國政府將不會假設島民的願望與從前有所不同。

　　We have a long and proud history of recognising the right of others to determine their own destiny. Indeed, in that respect we have an experience unrivalled by any other nation in the world. But that right must be upheld universally, and not least where it is challenged by those who are hardly conspicuous for their own devotion to democracy and liberty.

　　我們有著悠久而光榮的歷史，歷來承認他人決定自身命運的權利。事實上，在這方面，我們的經歷是世界上任何其他國家所無法比擬的。但該權利必須得到普世化的堅持，尤其是在那些對於民主和自由並不特別上心之輩對其發動挑戰的時候。

　　The eyes of the world are now focused on the Falkland Islands. Others are watching anxiously to see whether brute force or the rule of law will triumph. Wherever naked aggression occurs it must be overcome. The cost now, however high, must be set against the cost we would one day have to pay if this principle went by default. That is why, through diplomatic, economic and, if necessary, through military means, we shall persevere until freedom and democracy are restored to the people of the Falkland Islands.

　　現在全世界的目光都聚焦在了福克蘭群島。其他國家正在焦急注視著著蠻力與法治的對決結果。無論赤裸裸的侵略發生在哪裡，都必須將其壓倒。無論我們現在要付出怎樣的代價，都不能與這些原則付諸東流之後造成的代價相提並論。這就是為什麼我們要通過外交手段、經濟手段以及必要的軍事手段堅持下去，直到福克蘭群島人民的自由和民主得到恢復為止。

推薦閱讀：