專家對突出宗教認同的政策價值表示質疑｜環球時報英文版

專家對突出宗教認同的政策價值表示質疑｜環球時報英文版

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導讀：根據國家民委網站的消息，今年中國多個省級和地方政府已經出台政策，補貼穆斯林購買清真牛羊肉。然而，這項政策卻引起了巨大的爭議——國家是否應該補貼宗教慣例？

【註：環球時報英文版2016年8月11日發表文章「Halal meat subsidized in China: Expertsndoubt value of bolstering religious identity」（http://www.globaltimes.cn/content/999721.shtml），風雲之聲翻譯。】

Halal meat subsidized in China:nExperts doubt value of bolstering religious identity

中國補貼清真肉食：專家對突出宗教認同的政策價值表示質疑

Several provincial andnlocal governments throughout China have subsidized Muslims purchases ofnhalal beef and mutton this year, according to the website of the State EthnicnAffairs Commission.

根據國家民委網站的消息，今年中國多個省級和地方政府已經出台政策，補貼穆斯林購買清真牛羊肉。

The policy, however, hasnsparked controversy over whether the State should subsidize religiousnobservance.

然而，這項政策卻引起了巨大的爭議——國家是否應該補貼宗教慣例？

Halal meat subsidies werenfirst instituted in Wuhan, Central Chinas Hubei Province in 2012 as meatnprices rose, and several cities in China subsequently adopted this policy overnthe past four years.

作為對2012年肉價暴漲的回應，中國中部的湖北省武漢市率先施行清真肉食補貼政策。在隨後4年中，多個其他城市也出台了類似政策。

The subsidies vary innvalue across different regions and range from 10 yuan ($1.50) to 20 yuan pernmonth per person.

不同地區政策補貼的力度各不相同，在每人每月10元到20元之間波動。

People from 10 ethnicnminority groups that customarily eat halal food - including the Hui, Uyghur,nKazak, Uzbek and Tajik groups - are eligible to receive the subsidy, accordingnto statements on the websites of several ethnic and religious bureaus.

在中國境內有10個少數民族按慣例食用清真食品，包括回族、維吾爾族、哈薩克族、烏孜別克族、塔吉克族等。根據各地民族宗教局網站上的公告，這些民族有資格享受食品補貼政策。

"Lanzhou has providednthe subsidy since 2015 following other cities, and the policy will continue innthe future," Kou Zhijun, the head of the economic department of the Ethnicnand Religious Affairs Committee in Lanzhou, Gansu Province, told the GlobalnTimes on Wednesday.

「蘭州已經從2015年開始跟隨其他城市的政策提供這類補貼，未來這些政策也會繼續。「一位甘肅省蘭州市民族宗教委員會官員向《環球時報》透露。

A total of 9,501 Muslimsnliving on minimum subsistence allowances in Lanzhou received the 20-yuannmonthly per-person subsidy in the first half of 2016, said Kou.

這位官員提到蘭州一共有9501位穆斯林生活在最低保障之下，他們在2016年上半年可以獲取20元每人每月的食品補貼。

He noted that the policynwas enacted following a rise in the price of beef and mutton and serves as ancomplementary measure to relieve poverty, as many Muslims live in impoverishednrural areas.

他說蘭州清真食品補貼其實是對於牛羊肉價格上漲的回應，同時也是一項輔助性的扶貧政策，因為許多穆斯林群眾生活在貧窮的農村地區。

"We have not receivednany complaints from non-Muslims about the government taking only the interestsnof ethnic minorities into consideration," Kou added. 。

「對於政府出台照顧少數民族的專項政策，我們還沒有收到來自非穆斯林的抗議」，這位官員補充道。

Although it isnpraiseworthy to subsidize people from ethnic minority groups who live below thenpoverty line, the subsidy should not be granted specifically to those followingnhalal practices, Xi Wuyi, an expert on Marxism at the Chinese Academy ofnSocial Sciences, told the Global Times on Wednesday.

「雖然補貼少數民族貧困群眾的政策值得稱讚，但是這種補貼絕不應該只惠及那些嚴格准守清真行為的人，」來自中國社科院的馬克思主義專家習五一星期三向《環球時報》透露。

"Giving subsidies tonMuslims, instead of to ethnic minority groups, might strengthen their religiousnidentity and also their separation from non-Muslims, which will hurtncommunication and integration between peoples of different ethnic groups,"nXi explained.

「給予穆斯林而不是少數民族補貼有可能強化他們的宗教認同，並加強他們和非穆斯林之間的隔閡，這不利於不同社群之間的溝通和團結。」習五一解釋道。

Over the past severalnyears, China has been studying whether to draft a law to manage thenauthenticity of halal food.

在過去的幾年中，中國立法機關已經開始進行可行性研究，探討是否應起草一部法律用來專門管理清真食品相關事務。

The drafting of a law onnhalal food was not listed in Chinas legislative work plan for 2016 afternproposed consideration of the legislation had met with mixed reactions from thenpublic.

在清真食品法的提案引發大量爭議和民意反彈之後，起草清真食品法這項工作並沒有被列在中國全國人大2016年立法工作計劃中。

Many authorities believensuch legislation is reasonable, as it is related to national unity and socialnstability. But critics say the law would open the door to allow thensecular government to have authority over religious issues.

許多業界權威認為，這項立法具有合理性，因為這關係到民族團結和社會穩定。但是批評家卻對這項法律持保留意見，認為這可能開啟世俗政府染指宗教問題的先例。

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