Business English: How to describe data?

02-03

工作中我們時常要用到數據分析（Data Analysis) 來對收集到的大量數據進行篩選，從而提取有效信息並形成結論對數據加以詳細的研究，概括和總結。然而無論是作為Report中的論據，還是商業提案時Presentation中的數據支持，都需要運用圖表進行數據處理從而再用準確的辭彙進行描述和解釋，最終作出結論和分析。

1. 線形圖(line graph)：橫軸叫horizontal axis, 縱軸叫vertical axis

1).This is a curve graph which describes the trend of...這個曲線圖描述了...的趨勢。

2).As can be seen from the graph, the two curves show the fluctuation of... 如圖所示，兩條曲線描述了...的波動情況。

3).The graph provides some interesting data regarding... 該圖為我們提供了有關...有趣數據

4). As can be seen from the diagram, great changes have taken place in...從圖中可以看出，...發生了巨大變化。

2. 餅狀圖(pie chart): 餅狀圖內部分成一塊一塊，用於表示所佔分量，那一塊一塊就叫"segment"。

佔據:take up，occupy，account for，take over

1).The pie graph depicts (that).... 該圓形圖揭示了...

2).The percentage of...stayed the same between...and......至...期間...的比率維持不變。3).The percentage remained steady at... 比率維持在...

4).The percentage of...is slightly larger/smaller than that of... ...的比例比...的比例略高(低)。5).The pie chart reveals how... 這個餅狀圖向我們揭示了如何...

6).The graph, presented in a pie chart, shows the general trend in... 該圖以圓形圖形式描述了...總的趨勢。

3.柱狀圖 (bar chart)：每一個矩形就叫一個bar。

1).The bar chart illustrates that... 該柱狀圖展示了...

2).This is a column chart showing... 這是個柱型圖，描述了...

3).As is shown/demonstrated/exhibited in the diagram/graph/chart/table... 如圖所示...

4.表(table):表的「行」是「row」，「列」是「column」流程圖 (flow chart)

1).This table shows the changing proportion of a & b from...to... 該表格描述了...年到...年間a與b的比例關係。

2).From the table/chart/diagram/figure, we can see clearly that...or it is clear/apparent from the chart that... 從圖表我們可以很清楚(明顯)看到...

3).According to the chart/figures... 根據這些表(數字)...

4).As is shown in the table... 如表格所示...

5).The figures/statistics show(that)... 數據(字)表明...

5.描述變化時(describing change)

(1)向上的趨勢(upward movement)：

－ to increase/rise/go up

－ to grow/expand

－ to rocket/boom/soar

e.g. we increased sales.

e.g. we expanded the market.

e.g. we raised our prices. (注意：raise是及物動詞)

(2)向下的趨勢(downward movement)

- to decrease/fall/drop/decline/go down

- to slump/collapse/plummet

(3) 不再變動 (an end to movement)

－ to level off

(4)無變化(no change)

－ to remain constant/stable

－ to stay the same

－ to maintain/hold/keep

6.變化的程度(degree of change)

－dramatically/considerably/significantly/moderately/slightly

e.g. profits rose slightly. 利潤緩慢上升

7.變化速度(speed of change)

－rapidly/quickly/suddenly/gradually/steadily/slowly

e.g. sales went up rapidly. 銷售迅速增長

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