【托福聽力】精聽練習詳解+訓練資料包

一、精聽訓練步驟

• A 逐句精聽

1.第一遍聽，確認自己聽整句話的大意是否聽懂：

--聽懂了：去對照文本，確認是否完全聽懂，是否每個單詞都聽到並且理解，接下來就開始跟讀。

--聽不懂：進入步驟 2

2.第二遍聽，聽句子主幹：主謂是什麼，從句從哪裡開始，從句內主謂賓是否清晰：

--聽出來了：主幹框架，沒問題，進入步驟 3

--聽不出來：對照文本，分析問題，至少在聽力層面上，對於該句子的結構，語法是不熟悉的，這需要你分析斷句並跟讀。

3.第三遍聽，聽主幹外剩餘的部分信息，確認句子中的細節是否都能掌握

--聽出來：對照文本，確認是否完全理解正確。分析問題：語法，單詞的發音，連讀弱讀等是否有不熟悉；跟讀。

--聽不出來：分析是否是單詞本身可能不認識，還是單詞的發音不正確或不熟悉，還是因為連讀弱讀導致聽不清，緊接著模仿跟讀。

跟讀要點

上述步驟中跟讀不用太糾結是否跟讀的夠好，不要求一比一的還原模仿，只需要熟悉，分析沒有理解的原因。

分析完問題之後，選出全篇最難的障礙句子開始集中反覆跟讀，這個時候跟讀就要盡量模仿錄音中的發音習慣，斷句，語速和語調了。

1.先去聽3遍那句原話

2.對著原文，把該句讀順，先從有問題的部分開始讀，斷句讀，然後擴展的整句話的朗讀。至少10遍。

3.再去聽原文的句子的音頻，聽停頓，語音語調。

4.模仿到位去朗讀，10遍。

5.最後去聽一遍，體會鄙視ETS的語速。

注意，跟讀的時候，腦子裡要去過意思，而不是機械的條件反射，也不是腦內翻譯；另外，這個過程並不需要通過聽寫的方式來檢查，而是以聽為主，在文本中標註、分析影響聽力理解的問題（後文有示例）。

• B 段落大意+考點分析

1）做完了一段話的逐句精聽之後，先從頭到尾的一口氣不記筆記的硬聽完這段話。

2）在聽的過程中，去體會過濾重複信息的過程，腦子裡記下核心的概念。

3）聽完之後，簡潔的記下你腦子裡過濾完的信息。

4）如果有信號詞，在文本中標記出來，並且寫下相應的內容。但是在寫相應內容的時候，不能看文本，寫在該段落旁邊。

分析完成後做二次筆記練習（如下圖）

就像第一次聽一樣，完整聽一遍記筆記，筆記要求簡潔明了，凸顯大意考點，不要重複，不要過多細節。

• C. 題目分析

（1） 你為什麼選這個選項？

（2） 憑什麼正確選項是對的？

（3） 錯誤選項的設置？考官的伎倆—錯誤選項的干擾點在哪裡？

（4） 以後如何避免犯類似的錯誤？

二、精聽訓練文本案例

區分：考點信號 【發音問題】 單詞表達問題 "句子"

標註要求：

1.用不同方法標註影響理解的問題，標註要點出來上述示例以為可以另外增加，比如把發音問題分解為連讀，弱讀，爆破等等；

2.根據大意理解，分段記錄段意，中文即可，也可以用原文；

3.題目分析，錯題分析，正確但是重要的題目分析，題目分析放在相對應的段落後，和多個段落相關或者全文相關的放在全文後。

"All right, so let me close today』s class with主題引出 some thoughts可能要列舉 to keep in mind while you are doing tonight』s assignment. " You will be reading one of RalphWaldo Emerson』s best-known essays 『Self-Reliance』 and comparing it with hispoems and other works.

I thinkthis essay has the potential to be quite meaningful for all ofyou as young people who probably wonder about things like truth and where yourlives are going - all sorts of profound 深奧的 questions.

Knowing something aboutEmerson』s philosophies will help you when you read 『Self-Reliance』. （重複第一句意思）

【段意】第一部分引出主旨目的和內容，目的是為作業做準備，內容是艾默生的一些哲學觀念。

【題目分析】

12.What is the main purpose of the lecture?主旨目的

To point out similarities n Emerson』s essays andpoems. 原詞幹擾

To prepare the students to read an essay byEmerson. 對應作業的大意，正確

To compare Emerson』s concept of universal truth tothat of other authors. 無中生有的對比邏輯

To show the influence of early United States societyon Emerson』s writing. 主要內容不是Emerson寫的東西，是他的哲學

And basically, one of the main beliefs 列舉考點第一個 that he had was about truth. Not that it』s something that wecan be taught, Emerson says it』s found within ourselves. So this truth, theidea that it』s in each one of us, is one of the firs points that you』ll see Emerson making in thisessay. It』s a bit abstract but he』s very into…uh… into each person believinghis or her own thought, believing in yourself, the thought or conviction信念 that』s true for you.

But actually轉折遞進, he ties that in使結合 with asort of 『universal truth』 – something that 定義 everyone knows but doesn』t realize they know. Most of us arein touch withourselves in a way, so因果考點 we just 【aren』t】 capable of recognizingprofound truth. It takes geniuses, people like, say, Shakespeare, who』re unique because因果考點 when they have a glimpse of this truth, this universal truth, they payattention to it and express it and don』t just dismiss it like most people do.

【段意】關於真理的哲學理論，在自己內心尋求

So Emersonis really into each individual believing in and trusting him or herself. You』llsee that he writes about, well, first並列考點, conformity. Hecriticizes that people of his time for abandoning their own minds and their ownwills for the sake of conformity and consistency. They try to fit in with therest of the world even though it』s at odds with their beliefs and theiridentities. Therefore因果, it』s best to be anon-conformist – to do your own thing, not worrying about what other peoplethink. That』s an important強調 point.He really drives this argument home throughout the essay.

When youare reading, Iwant you to think about 建議考點 that and why that kind of thought would be relevant to the readersof his time.Remember強調考點 this is 1838, 『Self-Reliance』was a novel idea at the timeand the United States citizens were less secure about themselves as individualsand as Americans. The country as a whole was trying to define itself. Emersonwanted to give people something to really think about, help them find their ownway and what it meant to be who they were. So因果考點 that』s something thatI think is definitely as relevant today as it was then, probably, um,especially among young adults like yourselves, you know, uh, college being atime to sort of really think about who you are and where you』re going.

【段意】從真理的探尋引出對順從與他人的批評

13. On what basis did Emerson criticize the peopleof his time?#細節題

They refused to recognize universal truths.# 感覺好像也對，不知道為啥，求講解

They did notrecognize the genius of certain authors.#錯選吧，因為不知道考點在哪兒，以為是在考莎士比亞那兒

Their convictions were not well-defined.#

They weretoo interested in conformity.#這一部分的大意

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