英國設計師眼中的中國BIM TOP3

本期帶來的視頻，是BIM盒子翻譯的，來自英國B1M評選的三個中國最佳BIM項目，以及他們對中國BIM市場的看法。小心被英國小哥的鬍子電到。

以下是視頻原稿及翻譯，供你參考。

Starting us off at number three is Disney』s $4.1BN Chinese theme park. Led by the Walt Disney Imagineering (WDI) team, the Shanghai Park offered a great opportunity to integrate BIM at a portfolio scale.

In all, over 70% of the buildings were developed in a BIM environment, with efficiencies realised from running numerous projects concurrently. The benefit of co-location also meant that the project teams could access the same resources and support, driving further economies of scale. Collaboration and knowledge sharing all occurred within an eco-system of BIM-enabled projects. This allowed lessons learnt and best practice to be shared across the project portfolio, driving improvement across the park』s buildings and proving that it is in fact a small world after all.

A key benefit of BIM on a project of this scale was to help integrate WDI with over 140 different disciplines involved in the project, including many local design firms and contractors.Adopting BIM from the outset meant that the number of RFIs raised at the tendering stage in one of the park』s areas were significantly reduced. Instead of WDI』s average 3,000,they received just 360.

Shanghai』s Disneyland also saw the use of 4D BIM for construction planning and programming as well as immersive testing through a large video wall developed from the accurate design proposals in the graphical models. The WDI team were able to test visitor experiences and special effects virtually before progressing with elements of the park.

NO.3 上海迪士尼樂園

今天要說的第三位是耗資41億美元的中國迪士尼主題樂園。

項目由華特迪士尼幻想工程（WDI）團隊帶領，它為BIM全項目周期整合實施提供了很好的機會。

整個項目的70%都是在BIM環境下進行工作的。通過多個項目計劃同時實施，使得效率大幅提升。

同一地點的工作意味著不同項目組可以共享同樣的資源和支持，進一步推動規模經濟效應。

合作與知識共享都發生在BIM生態系統中，這使得所有經驗教訓和實踐經驗都能夠在項目文件中進行共享，推進園區建築設計施工的改善，並證明世界終究越來越小了。

在這種規模下應用BIM的關鍵好處，是能幫助WDI與項目中超過140個不同領域的組織進行有效對接——包括本土設計公司和承包商。從項目伊始就使用BIM使園區項目招投標階段的RFI（信息請求）數量顯著下降。WDI的平均RFI數量為3000個，而本項目只有360個。

上海迪士尼公園項目實現了4D BIM技術在施工建設計劃和組織管理中的作用，設計團隊也看到了在巨大視頻牆上利用設計模型精心製作的虛擬展示。WDI團隊能夠在一些園區景觀建設之前就能夠直觀測試未來遊客的觀園感受和一些特殊的景觀視覺效果。

The design of Phoenix Television』s new 65,000 square meter headquarters in Beijing is completely unique. The building』s non-linear form - developed by the Beijing Institute of Architectural Design (BIAD) – demanded an advanced approach from the project team and originally led them down the path of detailed 3D modelling. Quickly seeing the benefits of integrating non-graphical information and sharing it in a common data environment (CDE), the team progressed to working in a BIM environment and cite that process as the key to mitigating a number of risks, saving time and increasing quality as compared to more traditional methods.

It wasn』t all plain sailing and the project team admit that they struggled initially against long established drafting conventions and deliverables. They were forced to concurrently research and develop numerous unconventional workflows to provide data interoperability and seamless information exchanges.

The result is an iconic building on Beijing』s skyline and a powerful information model that can be relied upon for facilities management scheduling and analysis. The building』s security, safety controls, energy consumption and FM activities are all built upon data from the information model provided at handover.

NO2.鳳凰衛視北京總部

鳳凰衛視在北京65,000平方米總部的設計是獨一無二的。

由北京市建築設計研究院設計的、完全非線性的形式，需要設計團隊採取更先進的方法，這是讓團隊走上精細三維建模道路的原因。

他們進而看到整合其它非幾何信息，並且在通用數據環境(CDE)中共享這些信息帶來的好處，於是設計團隊就開始在BIM環境中工作， 把這個流程作為降低風險、節約時間和提高質量的關鍵因素，並用它替代傳統的工作方法。

這個過程並非一帆風順，項目組也承認他們一開始一直在糾結是否沿用長久以來傳統的繪圖和交付方式。使用BIM讓他們不得不同時研究和開發大量非常規的工作流程，來解決數據的互操作性和無縫的信息交換。

這個過程的結果是一幢坐落在北京地平線上的標誌性建築和一個強大的信息模型。這個模型可以被用來進行設備管理的規劃和分析。建築的安全控制、能源消耗和物業設備管理等信息，都在移交的時候被集成到這個信息模型中了。

In at number one is China』s new tallest building: the 128-storey Shanghai Tower.

Developed on a former golf course site, the $2.4BN, 632m structure is the jewel in the crown of China』s financial centre and the highest profile example of China』s BIM adoption to http://date.US architectural firm Gensler were commissioned to lead the design-team and worked in BIM environment from the outset.

BIM implementation was overseen by a core team of just three people who monitored its impact on overall project delivery and schedule conformance. Greater control and mitigation of rework contributed to a reduced construction schedule of just 73 months for the 576,000 square meters of floor space. There aren』t many buildings like this around so comparisons are difficult; but that is about 30% faster than similar structures.As you might expect, closer integrated working and improved collaboration were also cite as key benefits of the BIM process.

San Francisco based Gensler – leading an extended team of structural and service designers around the world – shared their models in a common data environment (CDE), enabling all parties to communicate within the virtual context of the project.

On the graphical side, the tower』s twisting outer skin would have been near impossible to convey with 2D techniques and the team saw considerable benefit from being able to visualise and understand their project and its surroundings in three-dimensional form.

NO1.上海中心大廈

第一名是目前中國的最高建築，128層的上海中心大廈。

它在原來的高爾夫練習場上建造，這座耗資24億美元，高度為632米的建築，是中國經濟中心皇冠上的明珠，也是中國水平最高的BIM技術應用示範。

美國建築公司Gensler被委任為項目首席設計團隊，並從項目開始就使用BIM設計環境。

BIM的實現由一個僅有三個人的核心團隊來監察，他們負責對整個項目的交付和規劃一致性進行指導。

更高效的控制和更少的返工，使得施工周期大大縮短——73個月完成了5.76萬平米的施工工作。全球少有和它難度相當的項目，但比起類似的工程它還是快了30%。

正如你所想，更好的工作流整合以及優化的協作，也同樣是BIM技術帶來的關鍵好處。

總部位於舊金山的Gensler公司帶領來自全球的結構師和建築師在通用數據環境下共享信息模型，讓整合項目中每一個成員都能在可視化環境中進行交流。

在圖像方面，大廈旋轉的外立面幾乎不可能使用2D平面技術進行設計，BIM則讓設計團隊獲益匪淺，他們能夠在三維環境中直觀形象地理解項目本身和它所處的環境。

What do these projects mean for BIM in China?

The Chinese construction industry is vast. It was valued at $2TN in early 2015, although it』s experienced more than its fair share of economic turmoil since then. Projects of the scale and prestige that we have showcased in this video are great influencers for wider BIM adoption across the country.

The Chinese central Government are drawn to BIM by the efficiencies it offers. They have seen overseas examples from the UK and US, and have benefitted from that expertise. Like many Governments though, they have not gone as far as mandating BIM. They simply encourage it – and in a vast provincial nation like China, that has bred fragmentation and many regional authorities have developed their own standards and mandates, all differing significantly from those of their neighbours.

As with other markets, the challenges to BIM adoption on the ground are almost purely cultural in their nature. China』s industry focuses very keenly on the capital cost of delivery and there is a reluctance to make the early time and software investments that BIM requires.Compounding matters, Chinese designers are typically paid on the number of drawings they produce and the idea of creating just one model somewhat horrifies them.

For all the barriers faced – which I』m sure will sound familiar to viewers in some other markets – BIM is being met with a high level of enthusiasm in China. The general trend is towards BIM adoption and at a much higher rate than markets like the UK. Recent research found that BIM use amongst Chinese Architects is set to increase by 89% in the next two years, and by some 108% amongst Chinese Contractors.

In many ways the UK had the challenge of finding its feet with BIM as something of a pioneer,with few other nations to look to. Other countries are able to build on that lead and implement at a faster rate, even if that implementation is sometimes more fragmented.

這些項目對中國BIM意味著什麼？

中國的建設行業巨大無比，這個行業在2015年，就擁有2萬億美元的價值，儘管當時它經歷了超過它所應當承受的經濟動蕩。

在這個視頻中展示的這些項目，對於在全國各地的BIM推廣具有深遠的影響。

中國中央政府對BIM產生興趣正是由於它所能提升的效率，他們看到了來自來自美國和英國的海外案例，以及BIM技術帶來的好處。和很多國家的政府一樣，中國還沒有邁出強制執行BIM這一步。他們只是鼓勵實施它。

在中國這樣多省制的國家，各地區有不同的地方政府，推行不同的標準和規範，甚至相鄰的省市之間都有相當大的區別。

像是其他市場一樣，BIM實施落地的挑戰在這個國家幾乎成了純粹的文化領域問題。中國建築產業對項目交付的資金成本非常敏感，這讓BIM所需要的前期軟體投入面臨很大阻力。

更為嚴重的是，中國的設計師一般是按照他們生產的圖紙量獲得酬勞，「僅僅建立一個模型」的理念對他們來說也有點難以接受。

然而面對這些阻礙——我想這些阻礙在其他行業的觀眾看來也有點眼熟——BIM正在中國引起一股高度熱情的浪潮。中國的整體趨勢正向著比英國市場還要高的BIM應用率發展。

最近的研究顯示，中國建築師的BIM應用率將會在未來兩年上漲89%，而在施工承包商的應用則會上漲108%。

英國在許多方面都會面臨挑戰。我們以BIM為工具進行開拓和摸索，卻少有其他國家的案例可做參考。其他國家則可以在我們探索的基礎上，高速地發展和實施新技術。

即便這些發展和實施有時候不那麼成系統。