AP美史 【筆記】 美國總統大事總結：Progressive Era

史實積累了，還要善於總結，才能真正得把它們學習消化，並熟練運用到考試中去。

之前學姐發布了《AP美國歷史拿5分必知的10大最高法院判決》，用最高法院判決作為主題進行了總結。而另一個整理史實、幫助記憶的好主題是美國總統。在5月份的考試前，你應該要做到，聽到絕大部分總統的名字，能馬上反應他們都各自在美國的哪個歷史時期、他們所屬的政黨、他們的主要政績、在任期間發生的重要事件、政治遺產。

學姐把美國歷史分為以下11個歷史時期：

1. The Young Republic, 1788-1815
2. Era of Good Feelings & the Era of the Common Man, 1815-1840
3. Antebellum Period, 1840-1860
4. Civil War, 1861-1865
5. Reconstruction, 1865-1877
6. Gilded Age, 1877-1900
7. Progressive Era, 1900-1920
8. Roaring Twenties, 1920-1929
9. The New Deal & the Era of Reform, 1920-1945
10. The Cold War, 1945-1968
11. Détente, Rapprochement, & the Post-Cold War World, 1968 - present

並把每個歷史時期中的總統重要事迹都總結成簡明扼要的卡片。看看你是否熟悉其中的每個條目？能否能描述它們的內容（what, when, where, why)，解釋它們的重要性？如果有不熟悉的條目，趕緊查漏補缺哦。

本文為此系列的第七篇《Progressive Era, 1900-1920》。記得關注微信公眾號（aptopscholar)，接收接下來其他時期的美國總統複習卡片。

Progressive Era, 1900-1920

Theodore Roosevelt, 1901-1909, Republican

VP – Charles Fairbanks

Secretary of State – John Hay, Elihu Root

Major Items:

• Panama Canal, 1903-1914
• "Square Deal"
• Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine, 1904
• Portsmouth Treaty, 1905
• Gentlemans Agreement with Japan, 1904
• Hague Conferences, 1899 & 1907
• Hepburn Act, 1906
• Pure Food & Drug Act, Meat Inspection Act, & "muckrakers", 1906
• Political reforms of the Roosevelt Era
• Trust-busting
• Coal Strike
• Conservation
• Venezuelan Debt Controversy, 1902
• Dominican Republic Crisis, 1902
• Algerian Conference over Morocco, 1906

William Howard Taft, 1909-1913, Republican

VP – James Sherman

Major Items:

• Paine-Aldrich Tariff, 1909
• Pinchot-Ballinger controversy, 1909 (conservation v. reclamation)
• "Dollar Diplomacy"

Woodrow Wilson, 1913-1921, Democrat

VP – Thomas Marshall

Major Items:

• Underwood Tariff, 1913
• 16th, 17th, 18th, & 19th Amendments
• Glass-Owen Bill / Federal Reserve Act, 1913
• Federal trade Commission, 1914
• Clayton Anti-trust Act, 1914
• Troops to Nicaragua, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Virgin Islands, Mexico
• The Lusitania, May 1915
• "Fourteen Points," January 1917
• Treaty of Versailles, 1919-1920
• "New Freedom"

更多AP/SAT歷史提分秘籍和視頻課程，關注微信公眾號aptopscholar

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