美國第一年住院醫的典型日常
在美國,住院醫師培訓地點多選擇在有條件的大醫院中進行,全美有 1700 所醫院接受住院醫師培訓。住院醫師培訓計劃,每年 5 月由畢業後醫學教育聯合委員會召集會議,並由醫學教育委員會認可,決定下年度全國住院醫師培養計劃,彙編成住院醫師培養計劃指南(Directory of Residency training Programs),向全美以及國外醫學院畢業生提供訓練職位。
美國一個普通第一年住院醫生的工作時間表,請不要想著來美國躺著掙錢
·4:30 AM 醒來
·5:30 AM 到達醫院
·6 patients on the ward,1 in the intensive care unit to see.
病房中歐6個病人,1個病人在重症監護室需要去看。
·you must write progress notes and orders for each patient.
你必須寫下每個病人的病情進展和醫囑。
SOAP note(SOAP 記錄法)
·S:Subjective S:主觀的
·O:Objective O:客觀的
Vital signs,ventilator settings 生命體征,呼吸機設置
Physical Exam體格檢查
Labs實驗室檢查
Studies研究資料
·A:Assessment(diagnoses,progress)評估(診斷,進展)
·P:Plan for each Assessment 對每個評估的計劃
Checking labs,studies,monitors核查實驗室結果、文獻、監護
Checking with ICU nurses for overnight updates
向ICU護士了解前夜的病情變化
Checking on your patients(pediatric/adult,medicine/surgery,ICU)
檢查病人(兒童、成人、內科、外科、ICU)
Reviewing specialist recommendations
回顧專科醫生的建議
CODE BLUE!!!緊急呼叫
·6:45 AM:one of your patients becomes a code 你的一個病人病情危重
You run the code as first responder;respiratory therapy,anesthesia,and code team
assist. 你作為第一急救者啟動急救;呼吸治療,麻醉,急救團隊幫助。
Patient revives 病人復甦
Transferred to the intensive care unit 轉移到重症監護室
·Advanced cardiac life support(ACLS)高級心臟生命支持
·pediatric life support(PALS)小兒生命支持
·Advanced life support obstetrics(ALSO)高級產科生命支持
Algorithms 流程圖
Team approach團隊方法
·7:45 AM:you arrive at the report room for rounds你到達醫生辦公室開始查房
You update your supervising senior resident on your patients你向指導你的高級住院醫生彙報病人的新情況
Team團隊
·Senior 3rdyear resident高年級(3年級)住院醫生
·Oversees whole service負責監督整個病房的醫療服務
·Senior 2nd-year resident高年級(2年級)住院醫師
·Oversees intensive care and obstetrics 監督重症監護室和產房
·Interns /1st
-year residents (4) 實習醫生/1年級住院醫生·Report on the patients they saw in the morning(SOAP) 早晨彙報所見的病人情況(SOAP)
·Senior residents help to refine intern』s assessment and plan
高級住院醫生幫助改進實習醫生得評估和診療計劃
·8:30 AM:Residents read an up-to-date article regarding one medical problem per night and discuss with each other,led by seniors 住院醫生每晚讀一篇與醫學問題相關的文章,然後在高年級住院醫生領導下,與大家討論。
·basics基礎
·signs/Symptoms 體征/癥狀
·Etiology病因
·Diagnosis(Differential,Work-up)診斷(鑒別診斷,實驗室檢查)
·Treatment治療
·Medications用藥
·9:00 AM:your attending physician arrives 你的主診醫師到達
·The team quickly updates him on the status of the patients團隊快速向他彙報病人的病情進展
·The attending physician,senior resident,and interns round on patients
主診醫師、高年級住院醫生和實習醫生巡查病人
Attending Rounds主診醫師查房
·9:30 AM:Go to patients』 bedside and see patients with attendings,especially:
與主診醫師去病人床旁看病人,尤其是:
·new patients新病人
·patients with classical findings有典型表現的病人
·Patients with atypical findings 不典型表現的病人
·Discuss together一起討論
·Inpatient Pharmacist住院部藥師
·checks drug interactions檢查藥物相互作用
·Recommends treatment推薦治療
Rounds查房
·Intern reporting to Attending 實習醫生向主診醫師彙報
·Intern presenting x-ray on electronic imaging hospital program實習醫生在醫院電子成像系統上描述X光片所見
·11:00 AM:you and the other 3 interns resume caring for your individual patients你和其他的3名實習醫生繼續看顧自己的病人
·discharging 2 patients,and checking once again on your more critical ones為兩個患者辦理出院,然後再次查看病重的患者
·12:00 AM:you return to the report room for teaching rounds你回到醫生辦公室接受教學查房Noon Teaching午間教學
·Case presentation by interns to team 實習醫生想團隊做病例彙報
·Special patients特殊病人
·Guest Speakers客座講員
·Review Questions回顧問題
·Grand Rounds大查房
·Special topics特別主題
·Newest treatments/developments最新治療/進展
·New policies新政策
·Case presentations病例彙報
·1:00 PM:you check-out your patients to your senior residents before leaving for clinic
向高年級住院醫生交班,然後離開去診所
·1:30 PM:you arrive at clinic到達診所
Already,there patients are waiting for you 已經有3個患者在等你了
·a patient with gastroesophageal reflux disease一個患者有胃食道反流病
·an exercise treadmill test一個要做腳踏車運動試驗
·a circumcision一個包皮環切術
·5:00 PM:finished with clinic,you return to the hospital for call完成診所工作,回到醫院值班
·5:30 PM:you return to the hospital and check out with your colleagues你回到醫院跟同事接班
·6:00 PM:you are paged to see two patients in the emergency room你被叫去看兩個急診室里的病人
·7:30 PM:you finish writing orders for transfer to the intensive care unit on your new patient with diabetic ketoacidosis你寫完了將接收的糖尿病酮症酸中毒的患者轉到重症監護室的醫囑·8:00 PM:you and your senior are finishing in the emergency room when you are paged to a delivery你和你的高年級住院醫生完成了急診室里的工作,這是你被叫去接生
·heart tones decline,requiring vacuum assistance心音減弱,需要吸引器助產
·you repair a second degree perineal laceration你修補會陰二度撕裂傷口
·9:30 PM:you』re paged to the nursery to see the newborn you just delivered
你被叫到嬰兒室去探視你剛剛接生的新生兒
·10:15 PM:another patient with alcohol withdrawal seizures awaits you in the emergency room
另一個有著酒精戒斷性癲癇發作的患者在急診室等著你
·11:00 PM:finally you』re done-time to catch 5 hours of sleep before starting your day all over again!終於結束了——再重新開始明天的工作前抓緊時間睡5個小時
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