關於跨性別者壽命的研究

01-24

2011年4月，「歐洲內分泌學雜誌」發表了一篇關於跨性別者壽命的研究，包括了966名男變女變性人(MTF）和365名女變男變性人（FtM），得到的一項發現是，MTF的死亡率比正常人群高51%。但這部分升高的死亡率主要歸因於自殺率的升高，而不是激素所導致的健康原因。

Asscheman, H., E. J. Giltay, et al. (2011). "A long-term follow-up study of mortality in transsexuals receiving treatment with cross-sex hormones." Eur J Endocrinol 164(4): 635-642.
OBJECTIVE: Adverse effects of long-term cross-sex hormone administration to transsexuals are not well documented. We assessed mortality rates in transsexual subjects receiving long-term cross-sex hormones. DESIGN: A cohort study with a median follow-up of 18.5 years at a university gender clinic. Methods Mortality data and the standardized mortality rate were compared with the general population in 966 male-to-female (MtF) and 365 female-to-male (FtM) transsexuals, who started cross-sex hormones before July 1, 1997. Follow-up was at least 1 year. MtF transsexuals received treatment with different high-dose estrogen regimens and cyproterone acetate 100 mg/day. FtM transsexuals received parenteral/oral testosterone esters or testosterone gel. After surgical sex reassignment, hormonal treatment was continued with lower doses. RESULTS: In the MtF group, total mortality was 51% higher than in the general population, mainly from increased mortality rates due to suicide, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, cardiovascular disease, drug abuse, and unknown cause. No increase was observed in total cancer mortality, but lung and hematological cancer mortality rates were elevated. Current, but not past ethinyl estradiol use was associated with an independent threefold increased risk of cardiovascular death. In FtM transsexuals, total mortality and cause-specific mortality were not significantly different from those of the general population. CONCLUSIONS: The increased mortality in hormone-treated MtF transsexuals was mainly due to non-hormone-related causes, but ethinyl estradiol may increase the risk of cardiovascular death. In the FtM transsexuals, use of testosterone in doses used for hypogonadal men seemed safe.

相關鏈接：A long-term follow-up study of mortality in transsexuals receiving treatment with cross-sex hormones.

Long-term cross-sex hormone treatment is safe in transsexual subjects

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