雅思犯罪(Crime)辭彙小結

1.pettycrime(輕微犯罪，小偷小摸)：lessserious crimes such as shoplifting(行竊) and pickpocketing(扒竊)

2.seriouscrime(嚴重犯罪)：whenthe sum involved(涉及金額) is large or the consequences more serious

3.violentcrime（暴力犯罪）：includesassault（攻擊）, mugging（劫持） and armed robbery（武裝搶劫）

4.white-collarcrime(白領犯罪)：crimescommitted by ¨office workers¨, for example fraud(舞弊)

5.organisedcrime（有組織犯罪）：largescale crime by crime organisations such as the Mafia（黑手黨）, for example smuggling

6.crimeagainst property(財產犯罪)：includesvandalism and theft

二.犯罪的懲戒方法：

1.prison（監獄）：notethe verb ¨to imprison¨ and the phrase ¨to send to prison¨

2.servea prison sentence/ custodial sentence（服刑，判處監禁）;

e.g.¨Serious offenders should forced to several at least a 3-year prison sentence.¨

3.communityservice (order)（社區服務）：

Theoffender has to do work that helps the community rather tan go to prison.

4.afine（罰金）：

e.g.¨People who commit some petty crimes or road traffic offenses should pay afine.¨

5.(receive)a caution：（收到警告）

Ifthe offence is less serious then the offender may be let off with a caution.

6.(beput) on probation:（緩刑）

Sometimesfirst-time offenders are not imprisoned but are placed under supervision for aset period of time to ensure their good behaviour.

7.aban（禁令）:

Somedriving offenses such as ¨drink driving¨ are punished with a ban

8.capital punishment/the death penalty（死刑）

三.法律步驟:

1.passa law/legislate against（通過法律/立法）：

thisis the role of government

2.enforcethe law（執行法律）：

analternative phrase here is ¨law enforcement¨: this involves the courts and thepolice force

3.investigatea crime（犯罪調查）:

thefirst step in the criminal process

4.arresta suspect（逮捕嫌疑犯）:

beforethe trial he is ¨a suspect¨, during the trial he is a ¨defendant¨ ad, ifconvicted, he is then ¨a criminal¨

5.punishan offender（懲罰罪犯）:

¨offender¨is another useful word for ¨criminal¨

6.passa sentence（宣判）：

normallythis is the role of the judge. ¨Sentence¨ is also a verb/noun, so a judge may¨sentence a criminal¨

7.convicta criminal（定罪）：

another phrase meaning tofind someone guilty and punish them. The noun ¨conviction¨ is just ascommon.

8.pleadinnocent/guilty(認罪/承認有罪)：

ina trial the defendant can either plead guilty or innocent

9.acourt case/trial（法院案件/審判）：

Thisis what happens in the court. A trial is a criminal process, whereas a courtcase includes proceedings for civil (non-criminal) matters.

四.有用的表達

1.law-abidingcitizens（守法公民）：

anotherway to say this is ¨to abde by the law¨

2.tofight crime（打擊犯罪：

this is the role of thepolice force and the courts. Another way of saying this to¨tackle crime¨

3.acrime wave（犯罪浪潮）:

whenthere is a rise in crime, particularly of one type

4.toturn to crime（轉向犯罪）:

anotherway of saying to become a professional criminal

5.antisocialbehaviour（反社會行為）:

behaviourthat may not be against the law but disrupts the community, e.g. being drunk inpublic

6.theincidence of crime（犯罪的發生率）:

howmuch crime happens

7.motivefor crime（犯罪動機）:

thereason why people commit crimes

8.juveniledelinquency（青少年犯罪）:

antisocialbehaviour committed by people under the age of 18

9.arepeat offender（慣犯）:

someonewho has been convicted more than once

轉載地址：Crime vocabulary and exercises |

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