學術論文中，argument，thesis和thesis statement之間有什麼區別？

thesis是不是需要包含自己的stance，opinion？這與argument之間如何區別？thesis statement是不是就要表明自己將要如何證明自己的觀點？

A thesis statement . . .

• Makes an argumentative assertion about a topic; it states the conclusions that you have reached about your topic.

• Makes a promise to the reader about the scope, purpose, and direction of your paper.

• Is focused and specific enough to be "proven" within the boundaries of your paper.

• Is generally located near the end of the introduction; sometimes, in a long paper, the thesis will be expressed in several sentences or in an entire paragraph.

• Identifies the relationships between the pieces of evidence that you are using to support your argument.

Not all papers require thesis statements! Ask your instructor if you"re in doubt whether you need one.

An argument takes a stand on an issue. It seeks to persuade an audience of a point of view in much the same way that a lawyer argues a case in a court of law. It is NOT a description or a summary.

• This is an argument: "This paper argues that the movie JFK is inaccurate in its portrayal of President Kennedy."
• This is not an argument: "In this paper, I will describe the portrayal of President Kennedy that is shown in the movie JFK."

What is a Thesis?

A thesis statement is a sentence in which you state an argument about a topic and then describe, briefly, how you will prove your argument.

• This is an argument, but not yet a thesis: "The movie 『JFK』 inaccurately portrays President Kennedy."
• This is a thesis: "The movie 『JFK』 inaccurately portrays President Kennedy because of the way it ignores Kennedy』s youth, his relationship with his father, and the findings of the Warren Commission."

A thesis makes a specific statement to the reader about what you will be trying to argue. Your thesis can be a few sentences long, but should not be longer than a paragraph. Do not begin to state evidence or use examples in your thesis paragraph.

詳情可以看這個鏈接：Writing a Thesis and Making an Argument