如何評價「Nulka」舷外有源干擾彈系統？

01-23

對Nulka的提及似乎非常的少，在知乎上搜索只有四條結果，對於USN船電的分析也少有談到RAN與USN聯合研製的Nulka的。
如何評價Nulka系統的干擾攔截能力呢？以及如何評價FFG(X)招標計劃中Nulka是必備項目而57mm艦炮卻不必備？

有源干擾誘餌來說，懸浮式的工作方式可以極大的擴展有效覆蓋角度和使用靈活性（Nulka的編程高度可達100米高），因此對過天頂目標可以實施有效的干擾。並且可以很好的應對現代反艦導彈的干擾源尋的/HOJ模式，這些優點是傳統的艦載有源干擾機無法媲美的。不過這種干擾模式在功率和作用距離上相比艦載有源干擾機略微遜色，同時因為是消耗式誘餌，在成本和可持續性作戰效能上也有著不小的劣勢（依據權威的FI評估，一套Nulka系統價格在40萬~55萬美元之間，包含子系統；而SLQ-32(V)3則需要540萬美元）。

至於炮，因為第一梯隊有反艦導彈。艦炮的必要很低。LCS負責反潛、反水雷、反小艇，而FFG(X)是防空、反艦，而美軍力求成本控制，需要有所取捨。

目前美海軍Nulka系統已經大規模鋪開使用了，由於可以適配老的Mk 36，並且和一堆亂七八糟的東西合併起了一個Hybird Decoy Section，作為美海軍Offboard Countermeasures系統的一部分，估計是下不了船了。根據現在的情況，甚至開始裝飛機了

再加上海拉姆，也犯不著再裝備什麼57mm的炮了，再加上目前海軍唯一在進行的57mm炮計劃是給海岸警備隊用的，其實我也不清楚你為什麼會提出57mm炮和Nulka兩種東西。

https://www.nrl.navy.mil/tewd/node/45

Nulka Radar Decoy System

Description

Nulka is an active, off-board, ship-launched decoy developed in cooperation with Australia to counter a wide spectrum of present and future radar-guided anti-ship cruise missiles (ASCMs). The Nulka decoy employs a broadband radio frequency repeater mounted on a hovering rocket platform. After launch, the Nulka decoy radiates a large, ship-like radar cross-section and flies a trajectory that seduces incoming ASCMs away from their intended targets. Australia developed the hovering rocket, launcher, and launcher interface unit. The Navy developed the electronic payload and fire control system. The in-service Mk 36 Decoy Launching System (DLS) has been modified to support Nulka decoys, and the mod is designated the Mk 53 DLS.

Status

Nulka received Milestone C approval for full-rate production in January 1999. Installation began on U.S. and Australian warships in September 1999. The system is installed on U.S. Coast Guard cutters and more than 120 U.S. Navy ships. Installation on aircraft carriers began in the fourth quarter of FY 2013. Additional installations will continue throughout FY 2017.

http://www.dtic.mil/get-tr-doc/pdf?AD=AD1026945

U.S. Coast Guard Navy-Type / Navy-Owned (NTNO) Program

Description

The Navy-Type/Navy-Owned Program provides legacy and newconstruction Coast Guard cutters with sensors, weapons, and communications capabilities. A few examples of the more than 20 systems that make up the NTNO program are the: Mk 110 57mm naval gun system; Mk 38 25mm machine gun system; Mk 15 Phalanx Close-In Weapon System; and SLQ-32 electronic warfare

system. The NTNO program ensures commonality and interoperability between Navy and Coast Guard fleets. Coast Guard cutters serve as force multipliers across all combatant commanders』 areas of responsibility, conducting naval warfare tasks, sea control, maritime domain awareness, vessel boarding search and seizure, high-value unit protection, and international engagement in

support of DoD and Navy missions.

Status

In addition to supporting the Coast Guard』s legacy fleet of more than 80 in-service platforms ranging from high- and mediumendurance cutters to its patrol boat fleet, the NTNO program is

an integral part of the Coast Guard』s ongoing cutter modernization efforts. The Coast Guard continues to field the Legend (WMSL 750)-class national security cutters and Sentinel-class fast

response cutters, and is preparing to begin construction on the offshore patrol cutters.

咬人的狗不叫，這個東西對抗反艦導彈的效果很好。