如何系統學習心理學和哲學？

01-21

可以隨便談，但是至少包括個人學習方法心得以及閱讀流程。

感謝邀請。我記得心理學的書籍推薦是很早前有一個很多人都寫過答案的問題的。現在一下找不到了。只找到一些回答人數不多的。

心理學

導論我覺得以下兩本書擇其一：

Zimbardo PG, Johnson R, Weber AL《津巴多普通心理學》（原書第 5 版），王佳藝譯，2008，北京：中國人民大學出版社
Gerrig RJ Zimbardo PG《心理學與生活》（原書第 16 版），王壘、王甦等譯，2003，北京：人民郵電出版社

同時可以看看下面兩本書，其實會有很多內容尤其是實驗是重複的。

David G. Myers《社會心理學》（原書第 8 版），侯玉波、樂國安、張智勇等譯，2006，北京：人民郵電出版社
Roger R. Hock《改變心理學的 40 項研究：探索心理學研究的歷史》，白學軍等譯，2004，北京：中國輕工業出版社

剛剛搜了一下 @采銅曾經答過心理學的書籍推薦，貼下鏈接：

http://www.zhihu.com/question/19683810/answer/13928124

http://www.zhihu.com/question/19610070/answer/12815857

哲學見我之前的這個答案：

http://www.zhihu.com/question/19861542/answer/13227309

The Road Less Traveled // 少有人走的路(1-4) // The Road Less Traveled and Beyond: Spiritual Growth in an Age of Anxiety
The Person and the Situation
The Geography of Thought: How Asians and Westerners Think Differently...and Why *
The Language Instinct: How the Mind Creates Language // 語言本能:人類語言進化的奧秘
Obedience to Authority: An Experimental View
Quiet: The Power of Introverts in a World That Can"t Stop Talking
Steal Like an Artist: 10 Things Nobody Told You About Being Creative
Procrastination: Why You Do It, What to Do About It Now
Man and His Symbols
社會心理學，心理學與生活
The Social Animal // 社會性動物
THE SOCIAL ANIMAL // 社會動物 (Brooks)
Strangers to Ourselves: Discovering the Adaptive Unconscious
Beyond Culture
The Secret Life of Pronouns: What Our Words Say About Us
The Power of Habit: Why We Do What We Do in Life and Business
The Honest Truth About Dishonesty: How We Lie to Everyone---Especially Ourselves
Werner Herzog: A Guide for the Perplexed: Conversations with Paul Cronin
Start with No: The Negotiating Tools That the Pros Don"t Want You to Know
The Art of Choosing: The Decisions We Make Everyday
The Gifts of Imperfection: Let Go of Who You Think You"re Suppose to Be and Embrace Who You Are: Your Guide to a Wholehearted Life
Made to Stick: Why Some Ideas Take Hold and Others Come Unstuck. Chip Heath Dan Heath
The Willpower Instinct: How Self-Control Works, Why It Matters, and What You Can Do to Get More of It
You Are Not So Smart: Why You Have Too Many Friends on Facebook, Why Your Memory Is Mostly Fiction, and 46 Other Ways You"re Deluding Yourself
The Psychology of Attitude Change and Social Influence

哲學：趙老師＋看書。

以下是美國哲學專業本科課程＋對應書目：重點的有＊

1) symbolic logic:＊

Its Scope and Limits, 4 th. ed.

B. Skyrms, Choice and Chance: An Introduction to Inductive Logic, 4 th. ed.

2) reasoning and logic: ＊

『Language, Proof and Logic』 2nd Edition, Barker-Plummer, Barwise and Etchemendy.

3) history of ancient philosophy *

From Thales to Aristotle, 4th ed., Eds. S. Marc Cohen, Patricia Curd and C.D.C. Reeve (Hackett)

4) history of philosophy: medieval period ＊

Readings in Medieval Philosophy, Schoedinger (ed.)

The Consolation of Philosophy, Boethius

The Discarded Image, Lewis

A Shorter Summa, Kreeft (ed.)

5) 19th century philosophy: ＊

Baird and Kaufmann, Philosophic Classics Volume IV: Nineteenth-Century

Philosophy, third edition, New Jersey, Prentice-Hall ISBN 978-0-130-48550-2

Hegel, The Hegel Translation Group, trans, Daniel Shannon, editor, Chapter Six of

Hegel『s Phenomenology of Spirit, Indianapolis, Cambridge, Hackett Publishing

Company Publishing Company, ISBN 978-0-872-205697

Kant, James Ellington, trans., Prolegomena to Any Future Metaphysics,

Indianapolis, Cambridge, Hackett Publishing Company Publishing Company

ISBN 978-0-87220-593-2

6) History of Ethics to 1900＊

A Plato Reader: Eight Essential Dialogues, C.D.C. Reeve ed. (Hackett 2012). Aristotle,

Plato』s Republic

Nicomachean Ethics, translated by Terence Irwin (Hackett 1999 2nd edition)

David Hume』s A Treatise of Human Nature

Immanuel Kant』s Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals

John Stuart Mill』s Utilitarianism

7) History of modern political philosophy＊

Robert Paul Wolff, In Defense of Anarchism

Plato, Apology

Sophocles, Antigone

Thomas Hobbes, Leviathan

John Locke, Second Treatise of Government

Jean-Jacques Rousseau, The Social Contract

John Stuart Mill, On Liberty and Other Essays

John Rawls, Justice as Fairness

Articles on Blackboard by Kavka, Hume, Marx, Dworkin, and Rawls

8) Ethics＊

Aristotle, Irwin, trans., Nicomachean Ethics, second edition, Hackett, paper (NE)

Bentham and Mill, Troyer, ed., The Classical Utilitarians, Hackett, paper (CU)

Foot, Virtues and Vices and Other Essays in Moral Philosophy, Oxford, paper (VV)

Hare, Moral Thinking, at the Clarendon Press, Oxford University Press, paper (MT)

Kant, Grounding for the Metaphysics of Morals, Ellington, trans., Hackett, paper (GMM)

Nietzsche, On the Genealogy of Morals, Clark and Swenson, trans., Hackett, paper (GM)

Spinoza, Shirley, trans., Ethics, 2nd

edition, Hackett, paper (E)

Williams, Moral Luck, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, paper (ML)

Williams, Truth and Truthfulness, Princeton University Press, paper (TT)

9) THEORY OF KNOWLEDGE ＊

Plato, Theaetetus

Bertrand Russell, Theory of Knowledge

John Hawthorne, Knowledge and Lotteries

Paul Boghossian, Fear of Knowledge: Against Relativism and Constructivism, Matthias Steup, An Introduction to Contemporary Epistemology

———————————————————————————————————————————

10) logic for philosophers

Steinhart,More Precisely: The Math You Need To Do Philosophy.

Sider, Logic for Philosophy.

Paul Teller"s Modern Formal Logic Primer.

Gamut, Logic Language and Meaning vol 1

Partee et al, Mathematical Methods in Linguistics

Boolos et al, Computability and Logic 5th ed.

Bostock, Intermediate Logic.

Peter Smith Introduction to Goedel"s Theorems

Sipser, Introduction to the Theory of Computation.

Graham Priest"s Introduction to Non-Classical Logic 2nd ed

11) Mind and Language: Foundations of Meaning

Stephen Schiffer; "Meaning in Mind: Semantics in Generative Grammar (and the Problem Vagueness Poses for It)"

Chris Barker; "Negotiating Standards". Secondary readings: Chris Barker, "Clarity and the Grammar of Skepticism". Chris Barker, "The Dynamics of Vagueness". Peter Ludlow, "The Living Word".

Zoltan Gendler Szabo; "Major Parts of Speech".

Jerry Fodor; "Minds Without Meanings", Ch. 3, Ch.5.

Stephen Neale; "Determinations of Meaning". New draft as of Feb 24.

Jason Stanley; "Know How", Ch. 34, Robert Stalnaker"s comments, Seth Yalcin"s comments.

Michael Devitt; "What Makes a Property "Semantic"?". Background readings: Three Methodological Flaws of Linguistic Pragmatism, Is There a Place for Truth-Conditional Pragmatics?, Good and Bad Bach.

Francois Recanati; "Perceptual concepts: in defence of the indexical model", Powerpoint presentation: "Indexical Thought"

Christopher Peacocke; "Metaphysics and the Theory of Meaning." Background reading: Dummett, The Logical Basis of Metaphysics (pp. 1-19).

Mark Richard; "Concepts, Intuitions, and Analysis"

Dan Sperber and Deirdre Wilson; "Beyond Speaker"s Meaning." Secondary: "A Deflationary Account of Metaphors"

Guy Longworth; "Understanding What was Said." Secondary: "Comprehending Speech"

Scott Soames; Primary: Hempel Lecture 1 (revised 4/23), Hempel Lecture 2. Secondary:Hempel Lecture 3, Book chapter. Background: "Why the Traditional Conceptions of Propositions can』t be Correct",Ch. 3, Ch. 6, Ch. 12.

Amie Thomasson; Primary: "Deflationism in Semantics and Metaphysics"; Secondary: "http://philosophy.fas.nyu.edu/docs/IO/27735/FictionalismvsdeflationismMindversion.pdf"; Background: Chapter 4 of Horwich"s Meaning

12) Mind and Self: Modern Conceptions

David M. Rosenthal, ed. The Nature of Mind. Oxford U.P.

Rene? Descartes, Meditations on First Philosophy. Oxford U.P.

John Perry, ed. Personal Identity. U of California Press.

Gary Watson, ed. Free Will. 2nd edition. Oxford U.P.

13) Science, Religion and the Making of the Modern Mind

Barnes: Aristotle

Cohen : The Birth of a New Physics

Descartes: Meditations on First Philosophy

Finocchiaro: The Galileo Affair

Frova Marenzana: Thus Spoke Galileo

Lloyd: Early Greek Science

Plato: Timaeus, Meno

14) Existentialism, Death and Meaninglessness

Robert Bretall, ed. A Kierkegaard Anthology (Princeton U.P.)

Friedrich Nietzsche, The Basic Writings of Nietzsche tr. and ed. Walter Kaufmann (Modern Library Classics)

Samuel Beckett, Waiting for Godot (Grove Press)

Tom Stoppard, Rosencrantz and Guildenstern are Dead (Grove Press

沒有列的主要課程大致有：

History of Modern Philosophy ＊

Medical Ethics＊

Aesthetics＊

Epistemology＊

Philosophy of Language＊

Philosophy of Law＊

Logic and Language＊

History of Western Philosophy: Ancient Period＊

History of Western Philosophy: Modern Period＊

Philosophy of Mind＊

Continental Rationalism ＊

Metaphysics＊

Theories of Action

Consciousness

Philosophy of the Arts

Plato

From Hegel to Nietzsche

Nature of Values

Empirical Moral Psychology

The Critical Philosophy of Kant

20th Century Anglo-American Philosophy

呵呵，自學心理學會很累哦。

首先，你理解的心理學是什麼？

其次，你學心理學的目的是什麼？

先回答這兩個問題吧。

本人是心理學專業本科生。自我感覺，呵呵，學到的東西很少哦。學習心理學也沒什麼學習方法吧，嗯，你要學會將理論是實踐結合起來。看書的話，對於枯燥的理論也要堅持看下去哦。整理筆記，心理學的東西有點細碎吧，需要你好好整理的。全部學派的理論都了解一遍後，再對自己興趣的流派深入學習。

我讀的本科也是學些皮毛啦，真正的知識在研究生甚至是博士那裡。學習心理學，要博覽群書啊，其他的知識的積澱，有利於加深你對心理學理論的理解。學習心理學是燒錢的。建議你在網上買書吧，最好是打折的時候買，那些書實在是太貴了，隨便一本都70、80。建議你先看看《心理學與生活》這本書吧。這是基礎來的。呵呵，我有這個電子書哦。需要的話，私信我吧。

心理學好多分支的，每個又足夠全面和有趣。

個人學習習慣和方法不是每個人都適用的，我讀讀停停的，這裡知乎下那裡果殼下，也啃到了不少東西，全在個人興趣。。

這裡是豆瓣介紹+選擇書單：

http://book.douban.com/doulist/916150/

這裡是關於書籍+選擇+討論+介紹果殼貼：

http://www.guokr.com/post/1896/

如果要想學習心理學方面的東西，我覺得還是要真真正正的對這個領域感興趣再去學，心理學裡有好多的分支流派，例如精神分析，行為等等，總體了解一下各個流派的技術等，在專心研究一個分支可以得到很好的效果