中國電影界的「監製」，和美國電影界的「line producer（電影線上製片）」有什麼區別？

01-14

一、

在中國，監製名頭，通常是給官員，或是掛名的明星導演，（包括像焦雄屏這種，在外國影展有影響力的影評人等），爽一下用的。

掛監製，也許於官場有用，也許於影展能加分，也許宣傳時會多一個亮點。

一般，也就是如此了。

二、

line producer，網上翻成白目的「線上製片」，真的不好。

（我一般翻成「製片經理」。意譯。或是「控管製片」。）

（台灣圈內接近的名詞是「執行製作」，以與所謂的「執行製片」作出分別。）

一般來說，製片分成三種。

談生意的，是一種。

定策劃、拍板創意的，是一種。

搞生產的，是一種。

（詳細的職能分配，這邊有文件，美國製片人協會官網，可找到正式定義：http://www.producersguild.org/?page=faq）

line producer，就是最後一種「搞生產」的，他們不管錢從哪來？創意誰定？這些都與他無關。

他只管把片子，按劇本、分鏡、故事板等實際計劃、根據時間表、在預算內完成。

其實就是個「懂行」的「電影圈經理」。

因為懂行，所以能預知「哪兒會出問題」「哪兒有貓膩」「出了問題，得怎麼解決？」……。

這種人，表面上權利不大，其實是電影出錢老闆的真正心腹，把他惹火了，導演都能被開除。

以下，是http://www.producersguild.org/?page=faq 的截引：

What does a Producer do?
A Producer initiates, coordinates, supervises and controls, either on his own authority, or subject to the authority of an employer, all aspects of the motion-picture and/or television production process, including creative, financial, technological and administrative. A Producer is involved throughout all phases of production from inception to completion, including coordination, supervision and control of all other talents and crafts, subject to the provisions of their collective bargaining agreements and personal service contracts.

What does an Executive Producer do?
An Executive Producer supervises, either on his own authority (entrepreneur executive producer) or subject to the authority of an employer (employee executive producer) one or more producers in the performance of all of his/her/their producer functions on single or multiple productions. In television, an Executive Producer may also be the Creator/Writer of a series.
What does an Associate Producer do?
An Associate Producer performs one or more producer functions delegated to him/her by a producer, under the supervision of such producer.
What does a Co-Producer do?
Co-Producers are two or more functioning producers who perform jointly or cumulatively all of the producer functions as a team or group.
What does a Supervising Producer do?

A Supervising Producer supervises one or more producers in the performance of some or all of his/her/their producer functions, on single or multiple productions, either in place of, or subject to the overriding authority of an Executive Producer.
What does a Segment Producer do?
A Segment Producer produces one or more individual segments of a multi-segment production, also containing individual segments produced by others.
What does a Coordinating Producer do?
A Coordinating Producer coordinates the work of two or more individual producers working separately on single or multiple productions in order to achieve a unified end result.
What does a Line Producer do?
A Line Producer performs the Producer functions involved in supervising the physical aspects of the making of a motion picture or television production where the creative decision-making process is reserved to others, except to such extent as the Line Producer is permitted to participate. Unit Production Managers, who perform no more than the customary services of a Unit Production Manager should be credited only as such.

Do I have to join the PGA to be employed as a Producer?
No. We are a professional association, not a union.
What are the fees involved in becoming a PGA member?
* Application Fee is non-refundable.
** Minimum Payment Option - Initiation fee will be paid in three (3) equal installments over a period not to exceed two (2) years. First payment includes: non-refundable application fee, initiation fee (1st installment), ? annual dues.

Does the PGA have a Health Welfare and Pension Plan?
The employer paid plan: Members working for AMPTP-member companies either directly or as a loan-out, in theatrical motion pictures or prime time network television are entitled to contributions to the Motion Picture Industry Pension and Health Plan. The PGA also offers discounted self-pay plans to members who do not qualify for employer-paid coverage. While access is not guaranteed, most members will qualify for coverage, and for rates better than are found on the open market.
What other benefits are offered by the PGA to its members?
In addition to being able to network with an elite mixture of peers, other benefits of joining the Producers Guild of America are that your PGA membership card entitles you to view special screenings of motion pictures at Academy Award time; access to the Interguild Federal Credit Union; invitation to the Annual Producers Guild Awards; participation in the Board of Directors elections; and eligibility to serve on various PGA Committees. Participation in Producer/Educational seminars and regular meetings are also offered.
Other benefits to joining the Producers Guild include access to the PGA』s pre-release screening program, as well as copies of DVD "screeners」 for awards consideration; eligibility for employer-paid and self-pay health coverage; access to the PGA Job Board and Job Forums; discounted registration for the annual Produced By Conference and Producers Guild Awards; free access to the many Guild seminars and workshops offered throughout the year; subscription to the quarterly Produced By magazine and The Networker newsletter. For more benefits, click here.

Are there established pay rates or minimums for Producers?
The PGA does not have an industry-wide Minimum Basic Agreement at this time, so pay rates are subject to negotiation in one"s Personal Service Contract.
Does the PGA read scripts and assist in securing financing and making deals?
No, the PGA does not become directly involved in individual production ventures.
Does the PGA assist in securing employment?
PGA members gain exclusive access to the many listings available on this website』s Job Board. However, the PGA does not act as an agent for the purposes of securing employment.

Line Producer 是執行製片