朝天鳴槍示警，子彈落地是否有殺傷力？

01-05

阿拉伯國家的人很喜歡ak47朝天亂放一氣，
如果是在城市中。子彈落下來是否還具有殺傷力？
在hipda看到這個提問（http://www.hi-pda.com/forum/viewthread.php?tid=802541），覺得很有意思就在知乎詢問一下。

搜到一個比較直接的回答：

1、根據美國陸軍實驗的記錄，一顆30-06 (7.62mmX63)的彈頭，以初速2700 fps的速度垂直發射，花了18秒抵達最高點，花了31秒回到地表，其終端速度為300 fps。

2、根據速度致死理論，速度高於76M/S的子彈可能致人死亡。

3、76M/S相當於211.1 fps

結論：

若與上述實驗槍支規格相同，可致死。

若使用手槍的各種參數導致落地速度低於211.1 fps，則難以致死。

————————————————————————————

之前的表述：【子彈能射多高，就和從那個高度掉下來一個子彈的破壞力是一樣的。】

我的意思是設定一下槍支、子彈規格，然後搜一下能射多高，根據子彈質量，引力減阻力得下落加速度，再根據高度和加速度算出到達速度就行了，結果一搜直接搜出來一個實驗結果，直接引用了~

《MythBusters》有一集就是講這個的呀，用一隻豬做實驗品。結論當然是可以殺人，但要有點「寸勁兒」。

另外請參考 Wikipedia 的「慶祝性槍擊」詞條，造成的死傷還是頗為可觀的：

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celebratory_gunfire

肯定是有殺傷力的，事實上，專門有一個名詞「疲彈」來形容這種子彈

你如果google, "kills in Celebratory gunfire",

幾乎每個月都有幾個...

這是我在wiki找到的一些被落下子彈殺死的案例。

Middle East

November 21, 2012: Following a cease-fire ending fighting with
Israel, celebratory gunfire in the Gaza Strip killed a man and wounded
three others.

[14]
October 30, 2012: Twenty-three people were fatally electrocuted
after celebratory gunfire brought down a power cable during a wedding
party in eastern Saudi Arabia.

[15]
August 2012: A Kuwaiti bridegroom was killed when a friend of his
accidentally shot him as he charged his gun to fire into the air in
celebration.

[16]
August 2010: 2 people were killed and 13 were injured in Jordan, as part of the yearly celebration of the announcement of the result of Tawjihi.

[17]
July 29, 2007: At least four people were reported killed and 17 others wounded by celebratory gunfire in the capital city of Baghdad, Iraq, following the victory of the national football team in the AFC Asian Cup.

[18]

[19]

Celebratory gunfire occurred despite warnings issued by Iraqi security forces and the country"s leading Shiite cleric, Grand Ayatollah Ali al-Sistani, who forbade the gunfire with a religious fatwā.

[20]
July 22, 2003: More than 20 people were reported killed in Iraq from celebratory gunfire following the deaths of Saddam Hussein"s sons Uday and Qusay in 2003.

[13]

United States

July 4, 2013: A 7-year old boy, Brendon Mackey, was struck in the
top of his head and killed while walking with his father shortly before 9
p.m. amid a large crowd prior to the fireworks display over the Swift
Creek Reservoir.

[21]
July 4, 2012: A 34-year woman, Michelle Packard, was struck in the
head and killed while watching the fireworks with her family. The police
believe the shot could have come from a mile away.

[22]
January 1, 2010: A four-year-old boy, Marquel Peters, was struck by a bullet and killed inside his church The Church of God of Prophecy in Decatur, GA. It is presumed the bullet may have penetrated the roof of the church around 12:20AM.

[23]
December 28, 2005: A 23-year-old U.S. Army private on leave after basic training
fired a 9mm pistol into the air in celebration with friends, according
to police, and one of the bullets came through a fifth-floor apartment
window in the New York City borough of Queens,
striking a 28-year-old mother of two in the eye. Her husband found her
lifeless body moments later. The shooter had been drinking the night
before and turned himself in to police the next morning when he heard
the news. He was charged with second-degree manslaughter and
weapons-related crimes,

[24]

[25]

and was later found guilty and sentenced to four to 12 years in prison.

[26]

June 14, 1999: Arizona, A fourteen year-old girl, Shannon Smith, was
struck on the top of her head by a bullet and killed while in the
backyard of her home.

[27]

This incident resulted in Arizona enacting "Shannon"s Law" in 2000, that made the discharge of a firearm into the air illegal

[28]

December 31, 1994: Amy Silberman, a tourist from Boston, was killed by a falling bullet from celebratory firing while walking on the Riverwalk in the French Quarter of New Orleans, Louisiana.
The Police Department there has been striving to educate the public on
the danger since then, frequently making arrests for firing into the
air.

[29]

[dead link]

South Asia

February 25, 2007: Five people were killed by stray bullets fired at a kite festival in Lahore, Pakistan, including a six-year-old schoolboy who was struck in the head near his home in the city"s Mazang area.

[30]
December 1859: An autopsy showed that a native servant in India,
who suddenly fell dead for no apparent reason, was mortally wounded
from a bullet fired from a distance too far for the shot to be heard.
The falling bullet had sufficient energy to pass through the victim"s
shoulder, a rib, a lung, his heart and his diaphragm.

[31]
June 6 2013: a 42 year old Pakistani woman was hit by a stray bullet from celebratory gunfire. The gunfire was allegedly in celebration for the election of Pakistan"s prime minister Newaz Sharif. Her 19 year old niece was also hit, and rushed to hospital in critical condition.

[32]

Europe

January 1, 2005: A stray bullet hit a young girl during New Year celebrations in the central square of downtown Skopje, Macedonia. She died two days later. This incident led to the 2006 IANSA awareness campaign in that country.

[2]

South America

December 25, 2012: A stray bullet killed a three-year-old girl in Asunción, Paraguay.

[33]

據說蘇聯紅軍攻克柏林以後，很多戰士在廣場上向天開槍，因此造成了一些傷亡。另外這個應該是最有價值的資料了吧：Celebratory gunfire

我也看了那集流言終結者，結論明明跟最高票不一致。

如果是垂直射向天空，不死，7.62的AK子彈也不死，因為重量不夠。但是，角度比較偏的話，很可能死，相當於一條巨大的拋物線。

另外，各位答主所說的被天空來的子彈打死，是因為角度偏或者擊中某些硬物反彈

某新聞，一人朝天隨意開了一槍，結果命中了附近一個躺在公園裡的流浪漢。。。

我能說小時候朝天上打彈弓，石子兒掉下來砸在自己頭上，啥事兒都沒有嘛

如果沒有空氣阻力，根據能量守恆，下來的子彈基本等同於直接向你開槍。

至於空氣阻力消耗的能量，我摘錄一段百度上的。

「因為有空氣阻力的存在,初速度幾百m/s的子彈落下來以後速度雖然只剩下八十多m/s了，以AK47為例，子彈的重量為10.8克,落下來以後子彈的

動能為E=0.01*80*80=64J.加上子彈在跟空氣摩擦的過程中產生的熱量也有部分被子彈吸收,使子彈的溫度上升.所以掉下來的子彈的殺傷力,雖然不太可能砸死人.但是還是具有一定的威力的。」

對天鳴槍，子彈落下來殺傷力很大，不過落在人頭上的幾率較小，所以沒怎麼聽說過誰被天上落下的子彈打死。

美國的帝國大廈剛建成的時候，一百多層高的大樓當時是世界第一高度，到樓頂參觀遊覽的人都喜歡往樓下扔硬幣，發生了多起傷人事件，最後不得不明令禁止遊客扔東西。

子彈比硬幣重，射程高度也遠遠超過一百米，當子彈自由落體下來的時候，打在人頭上百分之百能洞穿顱骨。這個不用計算都知道。

我覺得，假如一把槍能將子彈射到八百米……?那麼應該和在八百米的高空將彈頭扔下來是一樣的

總之，如果真的想知道，還是自己去試試吧[微笑]

一般第一發不是空包彈嗎？

紐西蘭發生過的真實事件，一個莊園的男主人在外面燒烤，烤好了以後，他為了通知大家，就用小口徑步槍(口徑.22lr)朝天鳴槍，結果子彈掉下來以後剛好擊中他6歲女兒的頭頂，造成死亡…

馬克沁重機槍就是用超越射擊法進行攻擊的

口頭警告，無效，鳴槍警告。再無效，擊其次要。

一戰的時候有個戰術叫縱深散步射，就是把機槍當成「迫擊炮」用

我想起了那個天上掉下一滴水的問題……

難道子彈與可以像弓箭一樣拋射？？

來個學物理答一下，認真計算下空氣摩擦阻力對於子彈動能的影響，落下到地面時動能剩多少以及子彈落地姿態。