中國學生在美國的科研能力和表現如何？

01-04

陳志武最近有篇文章，美國一流大學為什麼不愛招中國學生？鏈接如下
http://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MjM5Njc3Mjk0Mg==mid=2650392721idx=1sn=996875adbb70f1635f66a6e66b6ecdd6scene=2srcid=0418be8jVtYM0wqfZWFuQWM1from=timelineisappinstalled=0#wechat_redirect
其在文章中列舉了一些中國學生在美畢業後不受歡迎，成績不佳的事迹，但是缺少數據，而且更多從他的金融系背景來舉例，那麼從其他領域看，以及科研整體看，中國學生畢業後在美的表現如何？

從整體上看，無論在中美，年輕一代中國科研學者是否有他說的這些嚴重問題，以及如何評價常見的中國傳統文化與現代科學之間的關係，是否前者是後者的限制和阻礙因素？

謝邀。

陳志武的這些看法，可以視為一種善意的批評建議。如你注意到的，缺乏數據，只是舉些例子。這樣的事有沒有呢？肯定有。相反的事有沒有呢？肯定也有。所以對此最好的態度是泛泛聽聽，有則改之，無則加勉。

金融專業的情況我不了解，基礎化學、物理的情況稍微知道一點。舉個例子，2012年湯森路透集團按照某種標準（這個標準比較彎彎繞，不過總是有一定參考意義的），發布了全球頂尖100位材料學家的榜單。其中榜單前6位均為華人（5位在美國，1位在台灣）。而在美國的5位世界最頂尖材料學家，全部是中國科學技術大學的本科畢業生：

楊培東（Peidong YANG），排名第1，美國加州大學伯克利分校教授；

殷亞東（Yadong YIN），排名第2，美國加州大學河濱分校助理教授；

黃暄益（Michael H. HUANG），排名第3，台灣清華大學教授；

夏幼南（Younan XIA），排名第4，美國華盛頓大學聖路易斯分校教授；

孫玉剛（Yugang SUN），排名第5，美國阿爾貢國家實驗室科學家；

吳屹影（Yiying WU），排名第6，美國俄亥俄州立大學助理教授……

在物理領域，可以舉文小剛、張首晟等人。

公允地說，中國留學生在美國的科研表現應該說是相當傑出的。至於說現在的學生是否有所下降，這我不清楚。從常理而言，不應該有非常大的突變，應該是在前面一貫傑出的基準上波動。當然，如果向下波動了，確實是值得注意的。

中國傳統文化與現代科學之間的關係，肯定有阻礙的一面，否則在歷史上中國就自己發展出科學，而不是從西方引進了。陳志武在這裡舉的例子，我想都是成立的。與此同時，促進的一面也不能抹殺，顯然重視教育和自強不息就是非常積極的文化因素，跟其他許多文化對比時非常明顯。

結論：最好把陳志武的這些看法視為一種善意的批評建議，有則改之，無則加勉。

看著這篇文章，感覺論證不痛不癢。有一些觀點和角度不失偏頗，文中中國學生對自己專業選擇的問題的答案是：

他的回答不奇怪：「因為父母要我這樣做，而且看到其他同學都這樣做。」

「我父母不讓呀。他們要我學經濟學，好找工作！」

如果中國學生情商都這麼低，這麼沒有科研的覺悟，別說申請美國的PhD，申請到別的地方或者本地PhD都很難。很顯然，真正在在美國讀PhD的中國精英留學生，科研覺悟遠遠比文中的提到的要高。

其實，我想講另一類中國大學生，是一些頂尖美國學校一些系最不想招的，聽起來甚至有點可怕。以下是Michigan教授給T大申請者的拒信：

Dear xxx:
I would like to inform you of the situation relevant to Chinese graduate
students here, at least at our department, which makes it very difficult for
us to accept graduate students from China in the future.
Over about one year period, we have had 6 Chinese Ph.D. students quit their
RAship and Ph.D. studies. The reason for them to leave was not that they

could not continue, it was rather because they want to have a job now (a
higher salary, with a hope that the companies will apply for their green
card status). They came with their promises to pursue their Ph.D. degrees,
we paid tuition for them to take courses for their Master degree, and we
taught and helped them in their research capabilities. Once they got their
M.S. degree in Mechanical Engeering, because of the excellent job market in
the U.S. at this time, it is relatively easy for them to find a job. In a
way we felt that we were used as a step for those Chinese students to come
here, and get their master"s degree, then get their jobs. We pay
approximately 10K. Although we are very considerate for those students, the

consequencies are obvious:
(1) It greatly degraded the reputation of Chinese graduate students who
apply for admission. Some professors address those as quot;very unethicalquot;, quot;you really cannot trust them when they promise you to pursue their Ph.D. degrees
under your supervisionquot;, quot; you feel you are so stupid as cheated by your own
studentquot;. It really created some resentment. Actually, I know, as of this
time, there are a couple of more students looking for a job or already got a
job offer, but not telling their advisors. They will quit at the last minute
before they leave. This situation will certainly get backfired, and the
damadge will mostly be transferred onto the future applicants from China.

(2) Some professors or research scientists have already made their decisions
not to consider Chinese student applications. Although it should not and
cannot be a policy, it is the individual"s decision in selecting future
Ph.D. students with preference, and in my opinion, with good reasons. It
will make it much more difficult for us to bring in Ph.D. students from
China. For example, as you know, I was looking for one or two Ph.D. students
later this year, and I have a vacancy for a Ph.D. student now. But I will
not consider Chinese applicants. At the same time I feel truely sorry, for I
know, especially many graduate students from Tsinghua University of very

high qualifications sent email applications to me (and to other professors),
including yourself. Now I have to inform you that please try your
applications elsewhere, or other professors.
In our department, many Chinese graduate students know me and we have a very
friendly relationships. The faculty members know that too. One told me: quot;You
try to help them, then they screw you up!quot;
I spent time to write this email message, for your information and
considerations, as to how this situation may be somehow alleviated. You may

discuss this with your close friends and classmates, I am not sure you
should broadly propagate this message. But I did present a fact and an
opinion.

雖然去到美帝讀PhD的中國留學生大部分都是精英中的精英，但是無法避免的是有些學生的目的性太強，把申請PhD當成自己在美國找工作和移民美國的跳板，把申請到了博士獎學金去半途拿個master學位走人找工作，白白浪費了美國老闆的經費。

所以對於美國教授來講，最可怕的不是一個中國學生面試的時候說因為自己覺得或者父母覺得這個方面好在美國找工作，而是一些中國學生口口聲聲說自己以後想搞科研，結果半途拿個master文憑走人。

沒有黑的意思，但是看到weixin，就明白這文章的水平了